Katong

Katong is a residential neighbourhood in the eastern portion of the Central Region of Singapore, within the Marine Parade planning area. Katong district stretches from Ford Road area to Joo Chiat area. It used to be located by the sea, before land reclamation towards the south to East Coast Park was created for housing and recreational purposes beginning in the 1960s to 1970s.

For the Straits Steamship Co ship, see SS Katong.

Katong
Subzone of Marine Parade Planning Area
Other transcription(s)
 • MalayTanjung Katong (Rumi)
تنجوڠ کاتوڠ‎ (Jawi)
 • Chinese加东 (Simplified)
加東 (Traditional)
Jiādōng (Pinyin)
Ka-tong (Hokkien POJ)
 • Tamilகாத்தோங்
Kāttōṅ (Transliteration)
Shophouses at Katong
Shophouses at Katong
Country Singapore
Planning areaMarine Parade
SubzoneKatong
Websitewww.katong.sg

Katong was the location of many villas and mansions of the wealthy elite in the late 19th to the mid-20th centuries. They made their fortunes in the Far East and built seaside resorts, villas and manors along the beachfront of Katong, beginning from Katong Park to the end of the East Coast.

Katong's rich cultural mix has contributed to its unique cuisine. Katong is well known among locals as a food district with a variety of shophouse restaurants serving Peranakan cuisine and particularly, a spicy Singaporean noodle soup known as Katong laksa. Its famous icons include Joo Chiat Rd's food street, Duman food center, Koon Seng Road & Everitt Road 's Peranakan conservation house, Eurasian Heritage Gallery.

Etymology

Tanjong Katong was a popular beach along the East Coast. Tanjong means cape in Malay. This coastal feature was located near the present Tanjong Katong Flyover across East Coast Parkway and has since disappeared due to land reclamation.

When directly translated to English, it is known as Turtle Cape.[1]

History
A watercolour painting of Katong facing the sea during the 1870s by John Edmund Taylor
The Katong district is known for its unique laksa dish
Katong Square's Conservation Building – currently tenanted by a Starbucks
Shophouses at Katong

Many wealthy Chinese, English, Portuguese and Anglo-French settlers bought parcels of land in Katong beside the sea to cultivate plantations, and built business empires from trading in commodities such as cotton, coconut and gambier. One of them is the Wee family where Thiam Siew Avenue is named after them, now being The Continuum Condo[2]. Many of these plantations can be seen along Mountbatten Road.

Katong developed from a weekend seaside retreat into a home for the wealthy, who built immense colonial seaside bungalows away from the hustle and bustle of town life. The wealthy suburb stretched along Meyer Road and Mountbatten Road from Katong Park to Tanjong Katong. By 1928 Katong had grown to the extent that the Inspector-General of Police H. Fairburn remarked: "The development of the area from Katong to Joo Chiat, which has been so rapid in the past two years, promises to continue, and from every point of view one sees the necessity of providing for a sub-divisional station in the suburb. The suburb at present possess no police station." From then on Katong encroached into Joo Chiat area from Tanjong Katong to Telok Kurau Road. East Coast Road (now divided into East Coast Road and Upper East Coast Road) had many upper-class family homes.

The present Katong area stretches from Mountbatten Road, East Coast Road to Siglap. The Joo Chiat area of Katong was formerly an ethnic enclave of Eurasians fleeing congestion, pollution, and overcrowding in Singapore after the Great Depression.

Kampong Amber

In the early twentieth century, Kampong Amber, a Malay fishing village between East Coast Road and Amber Road, was a prominent landmark in the coastal area of Katong.[3][4] The village was named after the adjacent Amber Road, which was in turn named after the clan name of Joseph Aaron Elias, a prominent property owner in early-20th-century Singapore.[5]

The inhabitants of Kampong Amber were mostly Malay fishermen, who lived in thatched timber houses on stilts, irregularly clustered into a porous urban fabric.[6] Between these houses were many large communal spaces, where the inhabitants spent much of their time, engaging in activities such as plucking beansprout, pounding chili paste, and talking to their neighbors.[7] Since the salty soil was unfriendly to agriculture, the villagers largely depended on the ocean for their livelihoods.[8]

Just across Amber Road were the beachfront bungalows of wealthy Peranakan businessmen, notably Lee Choon Guan and his wife, who owned the land which Kampong Amber sits on.[9][10][11] Mr and Mrs Lee allowed the villagers to live in Kampong Amber rent-free; as a show of appreciation, the villagers held an annual parade on Mrs Lee's birthday.[12]

As part of the 1971 Concept Plan, land reclamation along the East Coast was carried out between 1963 and 1985.[10] This reclaimed land transformed the swampy coastline with its foul smells into a scenic vista of white sandy beaches, and made it a desirable location for high-end residential developments;[7] at the same time, the reclaimed land and increased motor vehicle traffic on the road combined to separate the villagers of Kampong Amber from the ocean on which they depended.

As Singapore continued to industrialize through the 1970s, Kampong Amber was among the kampongs destroyed to make room for economic developments: first four- to eight-storey residential buildings, then high-rise flats.[9][10][13] The occupants were relocated to newly-built, government-subsidised flats.[14][15] In a 2003 master plan, the land was parcelled out for further development.[7]

A few remnants of earlier Kampong Amber survived the process of industrialization. The iconic car porch of the Butterfly House, a beachfront bungalow built in 1912 by Regent A. J. Bidwell, was incorporated into a new 18-storey condo.[16][17][18] Another surviving early Kampong Amber landmark is the Chinese Swimming Club, founded in 1909 and moved to a permanent site at Amber Road in 1921.[19] Originally a Chinese response to the European-only Singapore Swimming-club founded by the British in 1894,[20] the Chinese Swimming Club was sponsored by wealthy philanthropist Lee Choon Guan.[21] The club went on to become a social gathering place, a training location for many world-class athletes,[22][23] and a prominent local landmark that drew visits from figures including Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, President Wee Kim Wee, and President Tony Tan Keng Yam.[20] Today, the club extends membership to non-Chinese residents.

Highlights

The area is traditionally associated with the Eurasian and Peranakan community. However, many high-rise apartment blocks now stand alongside the traditional shophouses and Peranakan terrace houses. In 1993, the Joo Chiat neighbourhood which comprises the historical centre of Katong, with its uniquely Singaporean architecture mixing Chinese, Peranakan and English colonial styles, was designated a national heritage conservation area by the Singapore Government. The conservation area consists of many shop houses which are refurnished into cafes as well as specialty shops.

Residents

It was home to the earlier scions of the Englishmen Lord Mountbatten of Burma and Cathay Organisation film magnate, Loke Wan Tho. Its illustrious residents include the ancestral family of Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew and Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong. The former President Sellapan Ramanathan lived in Katong in his primary residence on Ceylon Road. Also home to performance artist Nicholas Tee.

Politics

Katong is part of the Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency whose Member of Parliament is Former Prime Minister and Emeritus Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong (Marine Parade), Fatimah Lateef (Geylang Serai) and Edwin Tong (Joo Chiat) of the People's Action Party. More than half of Katong falls under SM Goh's Marine Parade constituency.

  • Katong Miss Oh, a sitcom that aired on MediaCorp Channel 8 in 2002.
  • Tanjong Katong is mentioned in a song "Nak Dara Rindu" by actor, filmmaker, musician, and composer P. Ramlee

See also

References
  1. Lee, Joshua (9 October 2017). "Katong's name comes from a sea mirage you see when looking at the shoreline". mothership.sg. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  2. "The Continuum | New Freehold Condo at Thiam Siew Avenue". Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  3. M, Jafri (1993). A Katong Story. Singapore: Marie Claire. pp. 20–22.
  4. Low, Eunice (2002). Life in Katong. Singapore: Singapore : National Library Board.
  5. Peter, Keys (1988). Singapore: A Guide to Buildings, Streets, Places. Kuala Lumpur: Kuala Lumpur: Times Book International. pp. 291, 302.
  6. Urban Redevelopment Board. "Singapore Master Plan 1980." Map. 1980. https://www.ura.gov.sg/dc/mp80/mp80map_index.htm
  7. Vincent, Gabriel. "Special Project." Interview by Claire Yeo. Retrieved 26 February 2017. http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/fabda1a5-115e-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad?keywords=vincent%20gabriel%20amber&keywords-type=all. Accession Number 002909
  8. Vincent, Gabriel. "Special Project." Interview by Claire Yeo. Retrieved 26 February 2017. http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/fabda1a5-115e-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad?keywords=vincent%20gabriel%20amber&keywords-type=all. Accession Number 002909
  9. Wee, Ban Kheng, Peter. "Story of Joo Chiat Changing Landscapes & Community." Interview by Zaleha Bte Osman. Retrieved 26 February 2017. http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/5e4e04ab-115e-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad?keywords=kampong%20amber&keywords-type=all. Accession Number 002100
  10. Low, Eunice. Life in Katong. Singapore: National Library Board, 2002. (Call no.: RSING 959.57 LIF)
  11. Lee, Peter. Rumah baba: Life in a Peranakan house. Singapore: National Heritage Board, 1998. p. 25. (Call no.: RSING 305.89510595 LEE)
  12. Lee, Kip Lin., and Gretchen Liu. The Singapore house, 1819–1942. Singapore: Times Editions [for] Preservation of Monuments Board, 1988. p. 193. (Call no.: RSING 728.095957 LEE)
  13. Lily, Kong (2001). Joo Chiat: A Living Legacy. Singapore: Joo Chiat Citizen's Consultative Committee.
  14. Vincent, Gabriel. "Special Project." Interview by Claire Yeo. Retrieved 26 February 2017. http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/oral_history_interviews/record-details/fabda1a5-115e-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad?keywords=vincent%20gabriel%20amber&keywords-type=all. Accession Number 002909
  15. Kong, Lily, and T. C. Chang. Joo Chiat: a living legacy. Singapore: Joo Chiat Citizens' Consultative Committee in association with National Archives of Singapore, 2001. pp. 37, 111. (Call no.: RSING 959.57 KON)
  16. ""Conservation." Urban Redevelopment Authority. Retrieved March 2, 2017". URA.gov.sg. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  17. "The Old East Coast (3) – On the Seashore in front of 23 Amber Road". 2ndshot.Blogspot.sg. 24 March 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  18. "skyline : The Fragile Balance: Conservation or Commerce?". URA.gov.sg. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  19. "NewspaperSG – Terms and Conditions". NLB.gov.sg. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  20. Singapore Chinese Swimming Club: 88 years and beyond . Singapore: Singapore Chinese Swimming Club, 1998. pp. 20, 22–36. (Call no.: RSING 797.200605957 SIN)
  21. Singapore Chinese Swimming Club: 88 years and beyond. Singapore: Singapore Chinese Swimming Club, 1998. pp. 20, 22–36. (Call no.: RSING 797.200605957 SIN)
  22. Ng, D. H. L. (Interviewer). (2015, April 2). Oral history interview with Chan, Patricia Li-Yin. (MP3 Recording no.: 002629/18/8). Retrieved from National Archives of Singapore
  23. Singapore Chinese Swimming Club. (1998). Singapore Chinese Swimming Club: 88 years and beyond. Singapore: Singapore Chinese Swimming Club. pp. 116–125. (Call no.: RSING 797.200605957 SIN); $45m facelift for Chinese Swimming Club. (24 January 2002). The Straits Times, p. 6. Retrieved from NewspaperSG.

Further reading
  • Victor R Savage, Brenda S A Yeoh (2003), Toponymics – A Study of Singapore Street Names, Eastern Universities Press, ISBN 981-210-205-1
  • The Singapore House 1819–1942 by Lee Kip Lin (pg 119)
  • Yuen, Belinda. "Searching for place identity in Singapore." Habitat International, 2005. Volume 29, p. 197–214. Received 29 November 2002; received in revised form 17 June 2003; accepted 25 July 2003. Available on SciVerse ScienceDirect.
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