King Lear (1971 British film)

King Lear is a 1971 British film adaptation of the Shakespeare play directed by Peter Brook and starring Paul Scofield.[1] Filmed in stark black-and-white, the film was inspired by the absurdist theatre of playwrights such as Samuel Beckett and upon release was noted for its bleak tone and wintry atmosphere.[2]

King Lear
Film poster
Directed byPeter Brook
Written byPeter Brook
William Shakespeare
Produced byMichael Birkett
Mogens Skot-Hansen
StarringPaul Scofield
CinematographyHenning Kristiansen
Edited byKasper Schyberg
Production
companies
Distributed byColumbia Pictures
Release date
  • 4 February 1971 (1971-02-04)
Running time
137 minutes
CountryUnited Kingdom
LanguageEnglish

Cast

Production

Peter Brook’s version of King Lear was prompted by an essay by Polish critic Jan Kott titled “King Lear or Endgame”, where Kott writes that Shakespeare's play is a tragedy of the grotesque, “an ironic, clownish morality play, […] a mockery of all eschatologies: of the heaven promised on earth, and the heaven promised after death.” The film was shot in 16mm black-and-white and mostly made in the mid-winter dune country of the Jutland Peninsula of Denmark.[2]

Review

Brook's film starkly divided the critics: Pauline Kael said "I didn't just dislike this production, I hated it!" and suggested the alternative title "Night of the Living Dead".[3] Yet Robert Hatch in The Nation thought it as "excellent a filming of the play as one can expect" and Vincent Canby in The New York Times called it "an exalting Lear, full of exquisite terror".[4] The film drew heavily on the ideas of Jan Kott, in particular his observation that King Lear was the precursor of absurdist theatre: in particular, the film has parallels with Beckett's Endgame.[5]

Critics who dislike the film particularly draw attention to its bleak nature from its opening: complaining that the world of the play does not deteriorate with Lear's suffering, but commences dark, colourless and wintry, leaving (in Douglas Brode's words) "Lear, the land, and us with nowhere to go".[6] Cruelty pervades the film, which does not distinguish between the violence of ostensibly good and evil characters, presenting both as savagery.[7] Paul Scofield, as Lear, eschews sentimentality: this demanding old man with a coterie of unruly knights provokes audience sympathy for the daughters in the early scenes, and his presentation explicitly rejects the tradition (as Daniel Rosenthal describes it) of playing Lear as "poor old white-haired patriarch".[8]

References
  1. Brantley, Ben (2007). "New York Times: King Lear". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 November 2007. Retrieved 17 August 2008.
  2. Canby, Vincent (23 November 1971). "Screen: Peter Brook's 'King Lear'". New York Times. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  3. Pauline Kael's New Yorker review cited by Brode pp.206&209.
  4. Both cited by Brode p.206.
  5. Brode pp.206–207.
  6. Brode pp.206–210, quotation p.207.
  7. Rosenthal p.82.
  8. Rosenthal p.83.
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