Kingdom (South Korean TV series)

Kingdom: Ashin of the North explores the backstory of Ashin, the mysterious heir of the Northern Seongjeoyain tribe village, and the origin of the resurrection plant that triggered an unprecedented cascade of tragic events that swept through the Kingdom of Joseon.

After the King dies of smallpox, Chief State Councillor Lord Cho Hak-ju decides to hide the former's death until his daughter, Queen Consort Cho, produces a son, who would have a more legitimate claim to the throne than Crown Prince Lee Chang, whose mother was a concubine. As a result, the King is inoculated with the resurrection plant and subsequently becomes a zombie at night, restrained with chains and fed with the bodies of court servants. Refused permission to visit his father, the Prince leaves in disguise to search for Lee Seung-hui, the doctor who last treated the King. Shocked by what he finds in the process of investigating the King's illness, he heads to the Gyeongsang with his loyal bodyguard Mu-yeong to search for more answers. At Lee Seung-hui's clinic outside Dongnae, physician's assistant Seo-bi cares for dozens of patients, but is running out of food to feed them. Yeong-shin, one of the patients, makes a stew for the people from what he says is deer meat. However, the meat is later revealed to be from the cadaver of Seung-hui's assistant, who was bitten by the King, and all the patients quickly turn into zombies.

The next day, the magistrate of Dongnae and nephew of Lord Cho Hak-ju, Cho Beom-pal, disregards Seo-bi and Yeong-shin's advice to cut off the head of each cadaver, leading to a night of terror when the dead awaken. When the Prince takes control and orders that the bodies of the undead be destroyed, the yangbans secretly flee on the only boat, carrying their belongings and the corpse of a precious son. Soldiers of the royal guard from Hanyang confront the Prince, resulting in the slaughter of dozens of civilians he was trying to help, as well as the death of Lord Cho's son, who was infected. Subsequently, the Prince goes to Sangju to seek help from Lord Ahn Hyeon, his mentor. The Prince then discovers that the yangban's boat was beached after the precious son reanimated, leading to the deaths of those on board. Awakened from his retreat by his own alarm network, Lord Ahn Hyeon arrives with troops who know how to deal with the zombie crisis. In Hanyang, Queen Cho takes the Regency of the vacant throne, decreeing the quarantine of Gyeongsang, while Lord Cho Hak-ju comes to the quarantine gate with the Army and the zombie King. On the other side, Lord Ahn Hyeon and the Prince fortify Sangju against the zombies while Seo-bi and Cho Beom-pal explore the Frozen Valley, learning the origins of the zombie disease.

In Hanyang, the Queen has gathered many pregnant women at Naeseonjae, her private residence. Mu-yeong's wife is there as well, taken as a hostage, to force Mu-yeong to spy on the Prince. The pregnant women are killed when their delivery is not as expected. As a result, the Special Forces Commander becomes suspicious and searches Naeseonjae. He finds the corpses of seven delivered women. The baby girls were strangled, but the baby boys were only stillborn. At Sangju, it is discovered that the zombies are slowed not by sunlight, but by temperature. Since the weather gets colder, the situation becomes worse after another night of chaos. The Prince decides to break into the border fortress with a limited squad. They are successful, but fall into a trap. Lord Ahn Hyeon is shot to death, while the Prince, who is put in the presence of the zombie King, decapitates the latter. As Lord Cho turns back to Hanyang and prepares to dispose of the Prince, Ahn Hyeon appears as a resurrected zombie. Wearing his commanding flag, he bites Lord Cho before being killed himself, proving the existence of zombies and the good faith of the Prince. The blockading army allies with The Prince.

The next day, an unconscious Lord Cho is taken by Mu-yeong, Seo-bi and Cho Beom-pal to Hanyang, but along the way Mu-yeong is killed. At Lord Cho's residence, Seo-bi discovers that a full immersion in water forces away the worm-like entities causing the zombification. At the same time, the Queen pretends to give birth, presenting Mu-yeong's wife's newborn as her own. She poisons her recovered father who discovered the lie, and is revealed to be organizing a zombie research lab beneath her Palace. While the Queen prepares a large proscription, the Royal Guards are lured out of the Palace, allowing the Crown Prince to conquer the place. But the Queen practices a scorched earth policy and orders the release of the zombies from the research lab, leading to a bloodbath that overwhelms the Queen and everyone inside the palace, which is immediately locked down. The last few survivors escape to the Rear Garden and break the ice of the pond. The zombies are stopped by the water, while the bitten but not yet transformed people are saved from being zombified. The Prince finds Mu-yeong's bitten son being protected by Seo-bi, who shows him that the child is not infected. He then decides to relinquish his claim to the throne, fake his death and hide the true extent of the outbreak to prevent further political instability.

Seven years later, the baby is crowned King as a worm is shown moving inside him, while Seo-bi, Yeong-shin and the former Crown Prince investigate the Northern Provinces for sightings of the resurrection plant. Shortly after they arrive at a seemingly empty village, a woman named Ashin appears inside a barn, standing next to some undead kept inside wooden boxes.

Prior to the events of the first season, Ashin lives in the Northern village of Seongjeoyain with her ailing mother, and her father, Ta Hab, who is one of the Jurchen people living in Joseon and also the head of their settlement. Tensions are high between Joseon, already straining under the Japanese threat on the other side of the country, and the Jurchen border tribes of Pajeowi, who have gathered their army at the basin of the Pajero River.

When fifteen Pajeowi Jurchens enter the forbidden area known as Pyesa-gun to illegally gather wild ginseng, they are found killed in a gruesome manner. It is revealed that Cho Beom-il, a high-ranking member of the Haewon Cho clan, orchestrated the deaths of the Jurchens. The Deputy Commander of the Chupajin group, Min Chi-rok is tasked to investigate the deaths of the Jurchen. After discovering Cho's involvement in the killings, he travels to Seongjeoyain to conduct damage control and prevent a conflict against the Kingdom by the Pajeowi. Later, Min Chi-rok spreads the message that the deaths were due to a tiger attack but some villagers remain skeptical.

During a meeting with Ta Hab, the Commander requests him to travel to the Pajeowi and tell them of the tiger attack. Ta Hab hoping that his actions will grant Seongjeoyain governmental representation and improve the lives of its people. This is later revealed to be a ruse conspired by the Commander to strategically protect the interests of the Kingdom.

On a hunt for the alleged tiger, which leads to the death of some hunters from a zombified tiger that is also killed, the Commander encounters some Pajeowi soldiers and informs them that the attackers of the Pajeowi men were killed by the villagers of Seongjeoyain. This act later diverts the Pajeowi's hostility towards the Seongjeoyain. Afterwards, the Pajeowi, led by Ai Da Gan, attacks Seongjeoyain at night, massacring the inhabitants except Ashin, who had found the resurrection plant in a hidden cave shrine and reads the ancient mural to understand its properties and effects, intending to help her ill mother. She returns to the now-razed villages and the hanged corpses of its inhabitants, including her family except for her father, who is taken by the Pajeowi.

Ashin goes to the Commander and begs for a chance to avenge her family. He places her in a garrison, where she performs odd jobs and is sexually abused by soldiers while training in the forests. Years later, she is ordered by the Commander to spy on the Pajeowi. While infiltrating the Pajeowi camp, Ashin finds her father imprisoned, with his limbs amputated. Ta Hab begs his daughter to kill him to end his misery. Ashin complies and sets the camp on fire before going back to the garrison. Prior to her return, the Commander is summoned to the South to deal with the war against the Japanese forces, leaving his Second-in-command and soldiers behind. Soon after, Ashin reads the records inside the Commander's hut, implicating the Commander in framing the Seongjeoyain for the Jurchen deaths at Pyesa-gun, leading to the massacre of her village, leading her to take revenge

At night, she kills several Joseon soldiers as they sleep and uses the resurrection plant to reanimate them as zombies. While the zombies rampage around the camp, Ashin kills soldiers who try to escape with her arrows. Using the last soldier as bait, she attracts the zombies together and then burns them, effectively killing all the soldiers and zombies in the camp. Ashin then drags a sack back to her village which looks normal. She then enters her old house which is filled with her family and neighbors before she is awakened to zombie snarls which brings her to the present where the village is burned down and the house is filled with zombies chained to the back of the house. It is revealed that after the massacre of her village, she had converted her family and the villagers into zombies. Ashin had been feeding them animals for years but felt that they deserved better food and feed them a soldier whom she had placed in the sack. She then vows to wipe out every living thing in Joseon and among the Jurchen to avenge her village and join the undead when she is done.

Ashin leaves to meet Lee Seung-hui, the Royal physician at the border in Uiji and sells him the resurrection plant. Afterwards, Ashin encounters Ai Da Gan and his army. As they approach Ashin, she fires an arrow at them.

• Ju Ji-hoon as Lee Chang, the Crown Prince of Joseon and heir presumptive to the throne. Although he is the King's only child, his late mother was unmarried, meaning that a son born from the Queen Consort would become the heir apparent and new Crown Prince. Suspicious of the illness afflicting the King, and his recent lack of public appearances, his investigation not only uncovers a dangerous plague that brings the dead back to life, but also a plot to betray the Royal family and usurp him as heir.[20]
• Ryu Seung-ryong as Lord Cho Hak-ju (seasons 1–2), the Chief State Councilor of Joseon who is the head of the Haewon Cho clan and Lee Chang's political rival. He is the father of Queen Consort Cho and Cho Beom-il, and the uncle of Cho Beom-pal. A cold, ruthless leader, he is desperate to secure his power over the throne through Queen Cho's unborn child who he seeks to make heir to the throne in place of Lee Chang.[21]
• Bae Doona as Seo-bi, a physician from Dongnae, and one of the only two survivors of the plague's original outbreak. She desperately seeks to find a cure, and comes to possess a journal containing crucial information about the disease.[2]
• Kim Sung-kyu as Yeong-shin, a mysterious tiger hunter from the South who is the only survivor of the first outbreak. A skilled fighter uniquely skilled with European muskets and who shares little of his past, he allies himself with Lee Chang and helps to lead the fight against the undead.
• Jeon Seok-ho as Cho Beom-pal, a magistrate of Dongnae and Cho Hak-ju's nephew, shown to have somewhat of a good nature but to be incompetent and easily scared.[22]
• Kim Hye-jun as Queen Consort Cho (seasons 1–2), the young and pregnant Queen of Joseon, and the King's wife. She is Cho Hak-ju's daughter, Cho Beom-il's sister and Lee Chang's stepmother. Like her father, she is desperate to secure her power over the throne by giving birth to a son that will displace Crown Prince Lee Chang as the rightful heir.
• Kim Sang-ho as Mu-yeong (seasons 1–2), Prince Chang's loyal personal bodyguard who accompanies him to the southern provinces to investigate the plague, leaving his pregnant wife in the capital.[23]
• Huh Joon-ho as Lord Ahn Hyeon (regular season 1; recurring season 2), a former governor considered a war hero for his part in the Imjin War. Despite his popularity with the people, he retired from public service to live a quiet life in Sangju. He was also a mentor to the young Lee Chang.[24]
• Jun Ji-hyun as Ashin (guest season 2; main in special), a mysterious woman from the Hamgyong Province in the North of the country.
  • Kim Si-a as young Ashin (special)[25]
• Park Byung-eun as Min Chi-rok (recurring season 2; main in special), head of the Royal Commandery and a skilled archer who becomes suspicious of the Queen.
• Koo Kyo-hwan as Ai Da Gan (special), the Leader of the nomadic Pajeowi tribe.
• Kim Roi-ha as Ta Hab (special), Ashin's father and head of the Northern Seongjeoyain tribe.

• Jung Suk-won as Cho Beom-il (seasons 1–2; special), Cho-Hak-ju's son and Queen Cho's elder brother and a commander in the Royal Army.
• Kim Jong-soo as Kim Sun, Chief Scholar in Hanyang who clashes with Cho Hak-ju.
• Kwon Bum-taek as Lee Seung-hui (season 1; special), the Royal physician who attends to the King.
• Lee Yang-hee as the Minister of War: Powerful politician in Hanyang who is initially loyal to the Haewon Cho clan but finds his loyalty wavering.
• Jin Seon-kyu as Deok Sung: Ahn Hyeon's loyal right-hand man.
• Jeon Su-ji as Ashin's mother: She died when Ashin was a child.
• Joo Suk-tae as Lee Do-jin (seasons 1–2), leader of the Palace Guard who travels south to apprehend Lee Chang. He is loyal to Cho Hak-ju.
• Ahn Eun-jin as Mu-yeong's wife, who is pregnant and was put under the protection of the Haewon Cho clan.
• Kim Tae-hoon as Lee Gang-yun (season 2), head of the Royal Army, who travels south with Cho Hak-ju.
• Jo Han-chul as Won Yu (season 2), descendant of an exiled member of the royal family living a quiet life on remote island, who is sought out by Lee Chang.
• Ahn Jae-hong as Eunuch (season 2), a former eunuch who later becomes the new king's servant.
• Kim Kang-hoon as King Yi Yeom (season 2), Mu-yeong's son who was rescued from a horde of zombies as a baby by Seo-bi.

Netflix approached Eun-hee, after Signal ended its run, to work on a future project that she could helm. After successfully pitching the concept of the show, Netflix agreed to the proposition and committed to a series order announcement.[26] On March 5, 2017, Netflix announced that it had given the production a series order for a first season.[26][27] Alongside the series announcement, it was confirmed that Kim Seong-hun would direct the series and that Kim Eun-hee would be credited as the writer.[26] Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of AStory.[26][2] Even before the release of the first season, Netflix announced that they would be making a second season.[28][29][13] Filming for the second season started in February 2019,[30] with Director Park In-je joining the production to direct its second episode and onward.[31] In November 2020, production for a one-off special episode Kingdom: Ashin of the North was confirmed, with season one director Kim Seong-hun returning and Kim Eun-hee reprising her role as screenwriter.[15]

The series overspent the budget, with each episode costing more than $1.78 million.[13][31] As a result, the first two seasons, which were originally planned to have eight episodes each, were shortened to six episodes.[32]

On January 16, 2018, a crew member of the art team died due to overwork.[33] On March 14, 2019, it was confirmed that in the midst of filming the second season, a staff member in the production team died after a car accident.[34] On January 7, 2021, a castle on the filming set of Kingdom: Ashin of the North caught fire as a staff member attempted to melt the snow using a torch lamp. Parts of the castle were destroyed in the process of extinguishing the fire, and there were no resulting injuries.[35]

Screenwriter Kim Eun-hee began thinking about the story behind the series in 2011, wanting to reflect the fears and anxiety of modern times through the lens of the historical Joseon period.[36][37] Originally, the creator thought it would be difficult to portray the story in a television series format, and instead created the webcomic The Kingdom of the Gods alongside illustrator Yang Kyung-il in 2014.[1] While the series is adapted from the webcomic, they do not share much commonality other than their basic concepts.[38]

Whilst working on television series, Phantom and Signal, Eun-hee continued to work on the project but encountered challenges in writing a period piece and securing investments for the project. Born out of an interest to explore opportunities for writing in a diverse range of genres and not limited by conventional choices in storytelling and censorship in publicly broadcast K-dramas, Eun-hee credited the success of Train to Busan, as the turning point for the revitalization of the interest in zombie films in the Korean media space.[39][40]

In an online interview, Eun-hee stated that politics is integrated to the core of the series, noting that "It's about what politics is. Flawed politics created resentment, and there will be a consequence of gaining the plant that brings dead people to life". She added that the political environment drives many of the decisions, and propels the actions of characters in their journey, highlighting that "If we go deeper and deeper, it all boils down to politics. The pain that comes from politics, the price we have to pay for pain, they are the message that penetrates the series."[41] Eun-hee further spoke about the importance of blending those genres and particularly focusing on the examination of the political elements covered in the series, citing that "politics and the living dead are not separate, but they rather come together as one."[42] Adding to that, Eun-hee commented about the nature of politics, and its role in shaping the world of Kingdom. The series’ portrayal of political dynamics of corruption and power highlights the disparity of growing concerns against the bourgeoise, suffering in the midst of a plague. Speaking on the conceptualization of the plague, the creator argued its role in the narrative is to serve as a reflection of the corruption, greed, inequity and injustice committed by the ruling class, using it as a camouflage to usurp the political power to maintain influence in the Kingdom of Joseon.[43]

Eun-hee stated in an interview that she wanted to depict several themes through the use of various narrative devices in the series. She later explained that the theme of the first season was "to tell a story about hunger." Eun-hee further added that she wanted to "portray people who were mistreated by those in power struggling with starvation and poverty through the monsters".[44] Shifting to the second season, the theme of blood was explored to "tell a story about monsters who crave blood and humans who desire a particular bloodline and lineage."[45] Later, Eun-hee noted that a future season of Kingdom will dabble in the exploration of resentment as a theme for the basis of the new story to be told.[46]

After Netflix ordered the special episode Kingdom: Ashin of the North,[15] Eun-hee highlighted that the episode will mark an important bridge between the events of the first two seasons and the third season. In an interview, Eun-hee elucidated further on the reasoning behind the episode, stating that "I decided to go with a special episode because I thought it would be more interesting. We cannot leave out the story of the resurrection plant." She further added that "If the first season served as the cornerstone of the show, Kingdom: Ashin of the North, will be a stepping stone for the third season of Kingdom."[47] In an interview with The Philippine Star, Kim Eun-hee discussed the significance of exploring the concept of Han in the special episode. Whilst the creator began to delve into the idea through the creation of Ashin's character when writing the second season, Kim Eun-hee wanted to further examine the collective trauma, grief and resentment born from the experiences of tragedy in the special episode. The writer expressed her desire in depicting Han in the story, stating that "I always wanted to write a story about the feeling of Han. And in the previous seasons, it's usually focused on the dominating power such as Prince Chang and the established people who lead the story. And then I came to think of the northern part of Joseon and the ones who are actually dominated by these people. So regardless of whether it is Joseon or another country, I think the people who are dominated have that same feeling (of Han)."[48]

Principal photography for the first two seasons took place on location in Seoul, South Korea, including the Gyeonggi Province and North Gyeongsang Province between 2018 and 2019.[49][50][30] Filming for Kingdom: Ashin of the North took place in Jeju Island in 2020.[51]

Actor Song Joong-ki was courted for the lead role but declined.[52][53] In September 2017, it was reported that Ju Ji-hoon, Ryu Seung-ryong, and Bae Doo-na were in talks to star in the series.[54] In November 2019, it was reported that Jun Ji-hyun would star in the second season.[55] After the announcement for the special episode, it was confirmed that Jun Ji-hyun and Park Byung-eun would reprise their respective roles in Kingdom: Ashin of the North.[15] Additionally, it was confirmed that Kim Shi-ah, Koo Kyo-hwan and Kim Roi-ha were cast in the special episode.[56]

Prior to the premiere of the second season, Joo Ji-hoon stated in a Forbes interview, that he signed on to star in the series, due to his faith in the project. He adds that "From the refreshing subject matter to writer Kim Eun-hee's exciting script, direction by director Kim Sung-hoon—and the cast members from season one—all these factors convinced me to continue on the journey to season two". Furthermore, he was excited at the prospect of a new director, joining the series in the second season, commenting that "Park In-je joined us for season two, and the new system of ‘making a TV series with people who make films’ was fascinating. The intensity is definitely higher compared to filming a two-hour film, but the actors were allowed enough time and room to prepare for filming a season that amounts to six hours, so I had faith in the outcome being of high quality."[57]

In a press conference for Kingdom: Ashin of the North, Jun Ji-hyun revealed her experience of joining the series. The actress stated that "I was a huge fan of Kingdom. When I met with the writer [Kim Eun-hee] in a private setting before I was offered the role, I told her I was willing to even appear as a zombie in Kingdom. I am so thankful that she gave me such a big role." She later stated that after reading the screenplay for the special episode, "I was thrilled at the thought that I could start the big story."[58][59][60]