List of LGBT Olympians and Paralympians

There have been 681 modern Olympians[lower-alpha 1] (including Paralympians, Summer Olympic athletes and artists, and Winter Olympians) who have identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, pansexual, non-binary, queer, and/or having an intersex condition, or who have openly been in a same-sex relationship. The first Olympic Games in which an athlete now known to be LGBT+ competed was the 1900 Summer Olympics, also the first LGBT+ Olympic medalist and first contemporaneously out Olympian.[lower-alpha 2] The 1932 Summer Olympics was the first instance of an athlete now known to be intersex competing, also winning a medal.[lower-alpha 3] LGBT+ Olympians have contested events across over 60 sports, as well as several artistic events. The majority of LGBT+ Olympians are female. The Olympic sport with the most LGBT+ participants is football. The nation with the most out LGBT+ Olympians is the United States, including two who have also competed for other nations.[lower-alpha 1]

LGBT Olympians and Paralympians

Lists of LGBT+ Summer Olympic athletes
(1900–2000), (2004–2020); by debut

List of LGBT+ Winter Olympians; by debut

List of LGBT+ Paralympians
List of intersex Olympians
List of LGBT+ artists at the Olympics
History and issues

The most decorated LGBT+ Olympian is British Paralympic equestrian Lee Pearson, with 17 medals including 14 golds;[lower-alpha 4] the most decorated able-bodied LGBT+ Olympian is Dutch speed skater Ireen Wüst, with 13 medals including 6 golds;[lower-alpha 5] the most decorated able-bodied LGBT+ Summer Olympian is Australian swimmer Ian Thorpe, with 9 medals including 5 golds.[lower-alpha 2] LGBT+ Olympians who hold Olympic records include Wüst;[lower-alpha 6] footballers Pia Sundhage and Vivianne Miedema;[lower-alpha 7] rower Emma Twigg;[lower-alpha 8] and triple jumper Yulimar Rojas, who also holds the world record.[lower-alpha 9] At least 310 LGBT+ Olympians are medalists (45.52% of LGBT+ Olympians), of which 144 have at least one gold medal (21.15%).[lower-alpha 10]

Overview

All based on the Lists of LGBTQI+ Olympians and Paralympians

By sport
Sport Number of Olympians by gender[N 16]
Female Male Non-binary Total
Cisgender Transgender Intersex Cisgender Transgender Intersex
Alpine skiing &
Para-alpine skiing		 4 — — 1 — — — 5
Archery 2 — — — — — — 2
Athletics &
Para-athletics		 28 1[N 17] 9 13 2[N 18] 1[N 18] 2[N 18] 56
Badminton 4 — — — — — — 4
Basketball &
Wheelchair basketball		 46 — — — — — 1[N 18] 47
Beach volleyball 5 — — — — — — 5
Biathlon 2 — — — — — — 2
Bobsleigh 1 — — 1 — — — 2
Boxing 9 — — 2 — — — 11
Canoeing and Kayaking &
Paracanoe		 5 — — — — — — 5
Cross-country skiing &
Para cross-country skiing		 3 — — — — — — 3
Curling — — — 1 — — — 1
Cycling &
Paracycling		 18[N 19] 1[N 18] — — — — — 19
Diving — — — 12 — — — 12
Equestrian &
Para-equestrian		 1 — — 18 — — — 19
Fencing &
Wheelchair fencing		 4 — — 1 — — — 5
Figure skating 5 — — 26 — — 1[N 17] 32
Football 152 — 1 3 — — 1[N 18] 157
Freestyle skiing 4 — — 1 — — — 5
Goalball 2 — — — — — — 2
Golf 2 — — — — — — 2
Gymnastics 6 — — 10 — — — 16
Handball 14 — — — — — — 14
Hockey 16 — — 1 — — — 17
Ice hockey 29 — — — — — — 29
Judo &
Para Judo		 15 — 1 — — — — 16
Luge — — — 1 — — — 1
Rowing &
Pararowing		 19 — — 4 — — 1[N 18] 24
Rugby sevens 22 — — — 1[N 18] — — 23
Sailing 2 — — — — — — 2
Shooting 4 — — — — — — 4
Skateboarding 5 — — — — — 2[N 18] 7
Skeleton 3 — — 2 — — — 5
Ski jumping 1 — — 1 — — — 2
Snowboarding 6 — — — — — — 6
Softball 10 — — — — — — 10
Speed skating 7 — — 1 — — — 8
Surfing 2 — — — — — — 2
Swimming 12 — — 20[N 20] — 1 — 33
Table tennis — — — — 1[N 18] — — 1
Taekwondo &
Parataekwondo		 2 — — 1 — — — 3
Tennis &
Wheelchair tennis		 18 — — 1 — — — 19
Triathlon &
Paratriathlon		 4 — — 1 — — — 5
Volleyball &
Sitting volleyball		 12 1[N 18] — 1 — — — 14
Water polo 1 — — 1 — — — 2
Weightlifting — 1[N 18] — — — — — 1
Wrestling 1 — — — — — — 1
By art
Art Number of Olympians by gender[N 16]
Female Male Non-binary Total
Cisgender Transgender Intersex Cisgender Transgender Intersex
Epic Literature — — — 1 — — — 1
Dance[N 21] 1 — — 1 — — — 2
Drawings and water colours (Painting) — — — 2 — — — 2
Graphic arts — — — 2 — — — 2
Literature (Open) — — — 3 — — — 3
Lyric works (Literature) — — — 2 — — — 2
Painting 1 — — 6 — — — 7
Sculpting (Open) 2 — — 2 — — — 4
Statue sculpting 5 — — 1 — — — 6
Notes
  1. Alyson Annan represented both Australia and the Netherlands, and is counted for both.
  2. Jolanta Ogar represented both Poland and Austria, and is counted for both.
  3. Pia Sundhage has represented Sweden, the United States, and Brazil and is counted for all.
  4. Rafael Polinario represented both Cuba and Canada, and is counted for both.
  5. Including Czechoslovakia
  6. Natalia Zabiiako represented both Estonia and the independent athletes from Russia, and is counted for both.
  7. Including Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, West Germany and East Germany
  8. Hege Riise represented both Norway and Great Britain, and is counted for both.
  9. Gus Kenworthy represented both Great Britain and the United States, and is counted for both.
  10. Including Irish Free State
  11. Including Kingdom of Italy and Fascist Italy
  12. Including Russia and the Olympic Athletes from Russia
  13. Including Union of South Africa
  14. Including multi-year appearances of the same Olympian; including Paralympics.
  15. Took place in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  16. Including multi-disciplinary Olympians
  17. Competed in a men's category
  18. Competed in a women's category
  19. Kate O'Brien has competed in both cycling and paracycling. She is only counted once.
  20. Rafael Polinario competed in Olympic swimming and coached Paralympic. He is only counted once.
  21. Demonstration event

LGBTQ+ Summer Olympians
Main articles: List of LGBT Summer Olympians (1900–2000) and List of LGBT Summer Olympians (2004–2020)

LGBTQ+ Winter Olympians
Main article: List of LGBT Winter Olympians

LGBTQ+ Paralympians
Main article: List of LGBT Paralympians

Intersex athletes
Main article: List of intersex Olympians

Athletes with disorders of sex development (DSD) may be known as intersex, with the terms often understood interchangeably; the term "hermaphrodite" is now widely discredited.[358] DSDs are congenital conditions affecting the reproductive system, in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical.[359] As a biological status, intersex people may identify as heterosexual and cisgender. However, significant overlap with the LGBT community[360][361] and "shared experiences of harm arising from dominant societal sex and gender norms" has led to intersex people often being included under the LGBT umbrella, with the acronym sometimes expanded to LGBTI.[362] While intersex people face specific issues that LGBT people do not,[363] in sports they are often considered alongside transgender athletes who have transitioned, with similar barriers to participation.[364] The athletes listed below may or may not associate with the LGBT or LGBTI community.

LGBTQ+ artists
Main article: List of LGBT artists at the Olympic Games

See also

Notes
  1. Based on the information collected on this page
  2. See List of LGBT Summer Olympians (1900–2000)
  3. See List of intersex Olympians
  4. See List of LGBT Paralympians
  5. See List of LGBT Winter Olympians
  6. See List of Olympic records in speed skating
  7. Pia Sundhage holds all coaching records. Vivianne Miedema has scored the most goals of an individual player in a single Olympic Games and in a single Olympic match. See List of women's Olympic football tournament records and statistics.
  8. See List of Olympic best times in rowing
  9. See List of Olympic records in athletics and Triple jump world record progression.
  10. Harald Kreutzberg and Mary Wigman received medals in the competition part of the 1936 dance event.[1] As a demonstration event, these are not counted.
  11. Chand is included both as an LGBTQ+ athlete and an intersex athlete.
  12. Kate O'Brien is included both as a Summer Olympian and a Paralympian.
  13. Polinario is included both as a Summer Olympian and a Paralympian.
  14. Semenya is included both as an LGBTQ+ athlete and an intersex athlete.
  15. Witty is included both as a Summer Olympian and a Winter Olympian.

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