Laura Troubridge (diarist)

Laura Elizabeth Rachel Troubridge (1858 – 15 March 1929) was a British diarist, letter-writer, artist and illustrator. A professional artist from an aristocratic background, she was known for her portraits of Queen Victoria and her family, and paintings of children and fairy subjects, generally in watercolour and pastel. Her book illustrations were admired by Oscar Wilde and Charles Dodgson. In 1966, her journals, giving an insight into Victorian life; and in 2000 correspondence with her fiancé during the period of their engagement, were published.

Not to be confused with Laura Troubridge, Lady Troubridge.

Life

Laura Elizabeth Rachel Troubridge was born in 1858 in Chiswick, Middlesex, England and baptised on 16 September 1858 in Turnham Green, Hounslow.[1]  She was sister to Thomas Herbert Cochrane Troubridge, 4th Baronet and sister-in-law to Lady Laura Troubridge and Una Vincenzo, Lady Troubridge.

In 1867 her parents, Louise and Sir Thomas Troubridge, died within a few weeks of each other and as an orphan she and her siblings went to live at North Runcton Hall[2] in Norfolk with their grandfather, Daniel Gurney.  Her grandfather's sisters, one of them Elizabeth Fry, had kept journals and it was these that inspired Troubridge to keep her own journals from 1873.[3] Troubridge was an aspiring young artist and 1879 she wrote in her journal “To the National Gallery…Met Tardy and went together to tea at Oscar Wilde's – great fun, lots of vague ‘intense’ men, such differs, who amused us awfully.”[4] She lived with her grandfather until 1880.[2] In 1966 her journals were published as: Life Amongst the Troubridges: Journals of a Young Victorian, 1873-84.

She and Adrian Charles Frances Hope were engaged in 1884. But the young couple were not able to marry because of Hope's difficulties in finding a job that would support them both. They kept up almost daily correspondence. In their letters they wrote to each other about both public and private occasions in London and Norfolk and beyond.[5] For example, after a dinner at Mary Molesworth's her fiancé writes to her “Mrs. Molesworth urged me to throw everything to the winds and marry you at once.”[6] Their correspondence was published posthumously as the book: Letters of Engagement, 1884-1888: The Love Letters of Adrian Hope and Laura Troubridge.

They were finally able to marry in 1888.[7] From this time she was frequently referred to as Mrs. Adrian Hope.  For the first years they were living in Bradgate House,[8] Ratby. After St.Philip and St. James' Church was restored, they donated a 'handsome brass eagle lectern' and inserted three stained glass windows in the chancel 'at the cost of Mr. Adrian Hope.'[9] Hope secured a position as Secretary of Great Ormond Street Hospital and in 1892[10] they purchased More House, 34 Tite Street, Chelsea, London which the Hope-Nicholson family continued to live in for a century.[11] Tite Street was a hub of artistic and literary activity at the time.  Residents included Oscar Wilde, James McNeill Whistler, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Edward Coley Burne-Jones.[12] Troubridge and her husband eventually became the guardians of Oscar Wilde's two children with Constance Lloyd after his imprisonment for “gross indecency” in 1895. In a 1997 stage production at the Odyssey Theatre written by Ronda Spinak ‘Oscar Wilde's Wife’, Troubridge was played by Stacy Rukeyser.[13]

In 1898 she was witness during the trial of the death of Mrs. Uzielli by Dr. Collins.[14] Troubridge testified that Collins ‘had once saved her life’ and that she was the ‘innocent cause’ of Collins being accused of murder as Troubridge had introduced Uzielli to him.[15]  Uzielli had fallen pregnant and didn't want anymore children so she turned to her friend, Troubridge,[16] who had known her intimately for almost two years. Troubridge, who had been a patient of Collins,[17] suggested Uzielli consult him as he was well known in her circle as an expert abortion care provider.[17] Troubridge wrote a note to Collins requesting an appointment for Uzielli. Collins induced Uzielli's abortion and fatal peritonitis followed.[18] Collins was put on trial for Uzielli's murder, but the jury found him guilty of manslaughter.[19]

Troubridge's husband died in 1904 after an operation for appendicitis.[20] They had two daughters. The following year their younger daughter, Esme, at the age of 7 died of diphtheria.[21] Troubridge and her older daughter, Jacqueline, were left in 'much reduced circumstances' so Troubridge let More House and relocated to Beaulieu, Hampshire where her brother and his family lived. In 1915 they moved back to More House where Troubridge lived for the remainder of her life. Her daughter married Hedley Hope-Nicholson in London in 1916.

Her interests and talents were not limited to drawing and painting.  She was actively involved in amateur theatricals, as was her sister and daughter.[21] In 1891 Troubridge and the Hon. Mrs. Sterling held a concert in the Royal Opera House, Leicester, with the aim of raising money for the Children's Hospital and Infirmary.  ‘The programme was long and attractive, and included, besides vocal and instrumental music, some clever recitations by the Misses Webling.’[22] She wrote plays, such as The Enchanted Wood, poems and manuscript music.[23]  She was on the Executive Committee and Dress Committee of the Chelsea Historical Pageant.[24]  In 1909 she and Lady Helen Forbes organised a matinee at the Court Theatre in aid of the All Saints Mission, Pentonville.  The theatre programme included two plays written by Troubridge: The Orange Tree and The Cunning of Pat.[25]

She died, aged 71, in Chelsea on 15 March 1929. Sometime after her death the houses on Tite Street were renumbered and the address of More House changed from number 34 to 52 Tite Street.[12]

Career

Troubridge showed an early aptitude and passion for drawing and painting and became a well-regarded portrait painter and illustrator.[21] Her success has been likened to be of a similar kind enjoyed by her friend, Mary Louisa Molesworth.

She was a professional artist from an aristocratic background; she had painted the children of the royal family, illustrated one of Mrs. Molesworth's books, and enjoyed a busy and fashionable married life. - Mary Sebag-Montefiore[26]

Her works are attributed to, or by, her various names or a combination of those names: Laura Troubridge; Laura Trowbridge, Laura Elizabeth Rachel Troubridge; Laura Hope; Laura Elizabeth Rachel Hope; Laura Troubridge Hope; Mrs. Adrian C. Hope; and, Mrs. Adrian Hope.

Artist

She was a watercolour and pastel artist who exhibited at the principal London galleries. She was known for her portraits of Queen Victoria and her family, and, paintings of children and fairy subjects.[27] On the reverse of two pastels by Troubridge, Margaret[28] and Wanderers,[29] was the same newspaper cutting.

The newspaper cutting on the verso states that she studied painting in London, being advised by John Millais, and working in Mr. Cope's studio, and exhibited at the New Gallery, the Dudley Gallery, and other exhibitions. It also states that she was a member of the Pastel Society and painted between 700 and 800 portraits, including two of the Queen of Spain as a child, the daughters of the Duke and Duchess of Connaught at Osborne House in 1891 for presentation to Queen Victoria, and two portraits of Queen Mary in 1903.

She was self-taught[27] and a command to paint twenty-two of Queen Victoria's grandchildren instantly made her artistic reputation.[30] During the years 1893 - 1901 she, exhibited at the Dudley Gallery and the New Gallery, and, was a member of the Society of Women Artists and the Royal Society Portrait Painters.[27] At an exhibition and sale, in aid of three charities for women, held in 1896 at Reuben David Sassoon's house Troubridge contributed a pastel ‘of delicate workmanship’ called L’Enfant Prodigue.[31] Reporting on an exhibition held in 1903 The Guardian comments:

In the Groves Gallery Mrs. Adrian C. Hope has a number of works in pastel entitled “Friends and Fancies.”   The friends are pretty children whose prettiness loses nothing in the hands of the artist.  The fancies are mostly inspired by nursery rhymes, and they are touched with a neat and whimsical charm that enlivens their somewhat arbitrary drawing.[32]

Her journals (1873-1884) record her designing decorative tiles and Christmas cards from early on. In 1882 the Magazine of Art reports “Christmas card publishers have produced some lovely specimens this year…Laura Troubridge uses a novel medium in her Japanese Designs with gold and colors on gelatine.  Her Children in Wonderland is also quite good.”[33] In 1891 W.A Mansell & Co. announced that they were reinventing Christmas cards from being ‘mere flimsy pasteboard with hackneyed quotations’ to ‘objects of design, skilled execution and literary style’. The following year The British Trade Journal writes of the success of the new idea and that the “firm has spared no trouble and cost in procuring new designs by well-known artists…we notice a number of charming sketches by Miss Laura Troubridge printed in red and gold and in colours”[34]

Illustrator
Illustration from an 1888 edition of The Story of the Mermaiden

Oscar Wilde admired the talented ‘Troubridge sisters’[35] and in 1886 when Wilde wrote his second fairy story, The Selfish Giant, he sent it to Troubridge in the hope she would provide the illustrations for it.[36]

Lewis Carroll too was impressed with Troubridge's talents.  He wrote to Emily Gertrude Thomson:

Do you possess ‘Little Thumb’ illustrated by Miss Laura Troubridge?  If not let me give you a copy.  The child-figures are so lovely that I'm sure you would enjoy having it. – Lewis Carroll, 1893 [37]

Troubridge's 10 full-page line drawings had a taste of the Pre-Raphaelite.[38] The Anthenaeum described them as having ‘a good deal of pretty taste and draughtsmanship’[39] and The Art Journal said Little Thumb was ‘elegantly illustrated.’[40]

In 1894 Carroll wrote to his publisher Macmillan extolling the virtues of Troubridge.  After mentioning Little Thumb he writes ‘Another is The Little Mermaiden: that does not give so good an idea of her skill, as she has drawn the pictures twice over, and the published book is not the best set.  The best set appeared in some Magazine (English Illustrated Magazine)”  In the same letter Carroll recommended Troubridge's unpublished pictures for The Queen of Hearts, but Macmillan didn't publish them.[38]

Around this time Carroll borrowed a portfolio of work from Troubridge and showed it to his friends. Carroll wrote in his diary, ‘Lily and Mabel Widdell, with their brother Chester, came to tea, and saw the drawings’ and ‘Mr. Toms dined with me and saw’ her ‘portfolio of drawings.’[37] 

Troubridge's illustrations in The Child Elves, a fairy tale founded on facts and on Alice in Wonderland, were described by The Guardian as testifying “to a graceful, dainty, and inventive fancy, although her drawing betrays little firmness of power.”[41]

Life Amongst the Troubridges, 1873-1884

Troubridge started her journal at the age of 15. She had an eye for the absurd which led to a splendid account of her life[5] and her journals give a marvellous insight into Victorian life.  She wrote about family life with rich portrayals of her relatives, governesses and tutors. Her journals recorded the beginnings of her career as an artist and she illustrated them with her own drawings.  She described picnics and excursions, staying in country houses, visits to London and finally her engagement.

Letters of engagement, 1884-1888

The correspondence between Troubridge and Hope during their engagement are full of terms of endearment.  Often including tokens of affection like pressed flowers, newspaper clippings, or drawings.[42] But the couple were not always in agreement and they had two significant disagreements. One, when Hope's first cousin is arrested for his actions in support of the unemployed during the "Bloody Sunday" riot in Trafalgar Square in 1887. The second, when Hope, entrusted with some of Troubridge's illustrations to hand to a London publisher, leaves them in a taxi. They were never found.[43] Troubridge collected their 'engagement letters' and arranged them in date order to form a continuous running dialogue.[44]

Works

Books
  • Little Thumb. A Fairy Story, by Hans Andersen (Illustrated by Laura Troubridge), 1883
  • The Child Elves. A fairy tale, by M. L. (Illustrated by Laura Troubridge), 1888
  • The Old Pincushion; or, Aunt Clotilda's Guests, by Mrs. Molesworth (Illustrated by Mrs. Adrian Hope (Laura Troubridge)), 1890
  • The Little Mermaid. The Story of the Mermaiden. Adapted from the German of Hans Andersen, by E. Ashe (Illustrated by Mrs. Adrian C. Hope (née Laura Trowbridge)), 1891
  • Eileen's Journey: History in Fairyland by Ernest Arthur Jelf (Illustrated by Mrs. Adrian Hope), 1896
  • Daddy's boy, by L. T. Meade (Illustrated by Laura Troubridge), 1898
  • The Book of Cottage Hopton, by Laura Troubridge Hope, 1904
  • The Sparrow with One White Feather by Lady Ridley (Illustrator Mrs. Adrian Hope), 1905
  • The Enchanted Wood: ‘Little Comedy In One Act’ by Mrs. Adrian Hope (née Laura Troubridge)
  • Life Amongst the Troubridges: Journals of a Young Victorian, 1873–84, by Laura Troubridge, 1966
  • Letters of Engagement, 1884-1888: The Love Letters of Adrian Hope and Laura Troubridge, 2000

References
  1. Church of England Parish Registers, Births and Baptisms, 1813-1917, London Metropolitan Archives
  2. "North Runcton Hall, The Gurneys and Troubridges". Runcton Web. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
  3. "Life Amongst the Troubridges: Journals of a Young Victorian, 1873-84". Goodreads. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  4. Moyle, Franny (2011). Constance: The Tragic and Scandalous Life of Mrs Oscar Wilde. Hachette UK. ISBN 9781848544611.
  5. "Letters of Engagement, 1884-1888: The Love Letters". Goodreads. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  6. Montefiore, Mary (2018). Women Writers of Children's Classics. Oxford University Press. p. 58.
  7. England, Select Marriages, 1538–1973
  8. Reports and Papers of the Architectural and Archaeological. James Williamson. 1889. p. 85.
  9. "Ratby". County - Special Collections (PDF).
  10. Shawcross, Nancy (2015). "Family Matters" (PDF). The Centre & Clark Newsletter. Number 61.
  11. "More House Archive". Online Archive of California. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  12. "More House Archive: finding aid complete!". The Clog. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  13. "Oscar Wilde's Wife". Variety. 21 May 1997. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  14. "The Death of Mrs. Uzielli: Mrs. Adrian Hope's Evidence at the Inquest". The Observer. 3 April 1898.
  15. "Death of Mrs Uzielli" (PDF). The Teesdale Mercury. 6 July 1898.
  16. "The Death of Mrs. Uzielli; Verdict of Wilful Murder against Dr. Collins" (PDF). The Teesdale Mercury. 27 April 1898.
  17. Parry, Leonard A. (2000). Some Famous Medical Trials. Beard Books. pp. 41 and 46. ISBN 9781587980312.
  18. "The Collins Case". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 317 (7164): 986. 10 October 1998. doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7164.986a. PMC 1114044. PMID 9765170.
  19. Parry, L.A. (1932). Criminal Abortion. John Bale, Sons & Danilsson. p. 200.
  20. "Master Adrian and Miss Laura Hope". The Library of Nineteenth-Century Photography. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  21. "More House Archive: Laura Troubridge Hope and Adrian Hope 1 1868-1933, Biographical Note". Online Archive of California. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  22. "Three Concerts". The Hospital. 9 (225): 250–251. 17 January 1891. PMC 5214238. PMID 29821296.
  23. "Finding Aid to the More House Archive MS.2013.020, Box 91, Folder 20, 29-35, 38". Online Archive of California. 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  24. The Chelsea Historical Pageant, Book of Words. 1908. pp. 147 and 149.
  25. "The Week in Society". The Observer. 13 January 1909.
  26. Sebag-Montefiore, Mary (27 January 2020). "Molesworth, Mary Louisa 1839-1921, Nice Girls Don't (But Want To): Work Ethic Conflicts and Conundrums in Mrs. Molesworth's Books for Girls, Forefronting Femininity: Home Sweet Home". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  27. Petteys, Chris (1985). Dictionary of Women Artists. An international dictionary of women artists born before 1900: HOPE, LAURA ELIZABETH RACHEL, nee Troubridge. G.K. Hall & Co.
  28. "Hope (Laura Elizabeth Rachel 1858-1929)". Dominic Winter Autioneers. Catalogue: 85. 8 March 2018.
  29. "Laura Elizabeth Rachel Hope (1858 - 1929)". askART. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  30. "Laura Hope, née Troubridge (1858–1929)" (PDF). Kingston Lacy Illustrated List of Pictures: 39 – via National Trust.
  31. "Our London Correspondence". The Guardian. 12 May 1896.
  32. "Our London Correspondence". The Guardian. 2 April 1903.
  33. Harris, Scott (2013). A Gallery of Her Own: An Annotated Bibliography of Women in Victorian Painting. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 9781135494414.
  34. The British Trade Journal and Export World, Volume 20. 1882. p. 374.
  35. Fitzsimons, Eleanor (2016). Wilde's Women: How Oscar Wilde was Shaped by the Women he Knew. Prelude Books. ISBN 9780715650318.
  36. Sturgis, Matthew (2018). Oscar: A Life. Head of Zeus Ltd.
  37. Carroll, Lewis (2003). Lewis Carroll and His Illustrators: Collaborations & Correspondence, 1865-1898. Cornell University Press. pp. 269 and 270. ISBN 9780801441486.
  38. Lovett, Charlie (2015). Lewis Carroll Among His Books: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Private. McFarland. pp. 25 and 26. ISBN 9781476609416.
  39. The Antenaeum. J. Lection. 1883. p. 675.
  40. The Art Journal. J.S.Virtue & Co. Ltd. 1883. p. 408.
  41. The Magazine of Art. Cassell & Co. Ltd. 1888. pp. xxviii, March 1888.
  42. "More House – A love story for everyone". UCLA. 13 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
  43. "Letters of Engagement, 1884-1888: The Love Letters of Adrian Hope and Laura Troubridge". Barnes & Noble. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
  44. Hope, Adrian; Troubridge, Laura (2002). Letters of Engagement, 1884-1888: The Love Letters. ISBN 9780953474615. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
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