Lavasan

Lavasan (Persian: لواسان, also Romanized as Lavāsān) is a city in Lavasanat District of Shemiranat County, Tehran province, Iran, and serves as capital of the district and county.

For the nearby village with this name, see Lavasan-e Bozorg.

Lavasan
Persian: لواسان
City
Lavasan
Lavasan
Lavasan is located in Iran
Lavasan
Lavasan
Coordinates: 35°49′06″N 51°38′18″E[1]
CountryIran
ProvinceTehran
CountyShemiranat
DistrictLavasanat
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total18,146
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)

At the 2006 census, its population was 15,448 in 4,645 households.[3] The following census in 2011 counted 15,706 people in 5,033 households.[4] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 18,146 people in 6,130 households.[2]

The Jajrood River flows through the resort city of Lavasan, creating Latian Dam Lake on the southeast of the city. It is situated 11 kilometers northeast of Tehran. The highrise scenery around Lavasan (with many peaks above 3000 meters) attracts lots of campers and cyclists. The city is accessed by two double lane roads (from Tajrish and Tehranpars) adjoining each other on 1930 meters Quchak Pass, then on a whirling double lane road, down to Jajrood River and Lavasan on its north bank on 1700m.

Etymology

The name of Lavasan is a Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word which means "The Mount Blade of Sunrise" or "Mountaintop of Sunrise". It refers to Mount Damavand that is located in the middle Alborz Range in the east of Lavasanat District.

History

In the 19th century, during the Qajar era, Lavasan was reportedly a large village, with some 500 houses and about 200 inhabitants.[5] It became well known during the war of the cities when many people from Tehran took refuge in the nearby towns such as Lavasan.

The two most influential parts of Lavasan are Great Lavasan (Lavasan Bozorg) and Little Lavasan (Lavasan Koochak). While the Great Lavasan was more vibrant in the early 1950s due to its location as a trade hub, the Little Lavasan has become more populated in the past few decades. Until the construction of Road 59 (Chalous Road) and other routes to the North of Iran, Great Lavasan was a thriving city on a trade path between Tehran and the North of Iran with several prominent families owning and managing the Lar Karvansara in the (now nationalized) Lar National Park, and who were active in trades of rice and production of honey among other products, hence the name "Great Lavasan". In the early 1900s Great Lavasan was home to several affluent families and traders with many unique and thriving orchards. Currently Great Lavasan is less populated than the Little Lavasan due to more restricted construction regulations, as well as an influx of new residents moving to Little Lavasan from other cities. Great Lavasan has access from the Jajrood road while the Little Lavasan has access from behind the Latian Dam, their different areas include Saboo Bozorg, Saboo Koochak, Tork Mahale, Seied Paiz, etc.

Under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, in the 1960s, a hydroelectric dam was built in the southeast of the village which is nowadays one of the water supplies of Tehran.[5]

People

The natives of Lavasan are of Caspian origin.[5] The local dialect or "vernacular" spoken by its natives is a mix of Persian and Caspian.[5]

Geography
The northern heights of Lavasan

Lavasan is located 11 kilometres northeast of Tehran on the slopes of Alborz with an area of 70 square kilometres.[6] The city of Lavasan is the capital of Lavasanat district. Together with Rudbar-e Qasran district and Shemiran, it constitutes Shemiranat County in Tehran Province.[5]

Climate

Lavasan has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk) with significant continental influences.

Climate data for Lavasan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 4.5
(40.1)		 7.5
(45.5)		 12.5
(54.5)		 19.1
(66.4)		 26.3
(79.3)		 31.5
(88.7)		 34.4
(93.9)		 33.9
(93.0)		 29.5
(85.1)		 22.5
(72.5)		 14.1
(57.4)		 7.8
(46.0)		 20.3
(68.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.8
(30.6)		 2.0
(35.6)		 6.4
(43.5)		 12.3
(54.1)		 18.8
(65.8)		 23.4
(74.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 25.9
(78.6)		 21.4
(70.5)		 15.3
(59.5)		 8.0
(46.4)		 2.5
(36.5)		 13.5
(56.2)
Average low °C (°F) −6.1
(21.0)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 0.4
(32.7)		 5.5
(41.9)		 11.4
(52.5)		 15.3
(59.5)		 18.1
(64.6)		 18.0
(64.4)		 13.3
(55.9)		 8.1
(46.6)		 1.9
(35.4)		 −2.8
(27.0)		 6.6
(43.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 30
(1.2)		 27
(1.1)		 32
(1.3)		 28
(1.1)		 18
(0.7)		 4
(0.2)		 2
(0.1)		 1
(0.0)		 1
(0.0)		 8
(0.3)		 15
(0.6)		 21
(0.8)		 187
(7.4)
Source: [7]

People

The natives of Lavasan are of Caspian origin.[5] The local dialect or "vernacular" spoken by its natives is a mix of Persian and Caspian.[5]

Notable residents

[8]

See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lavasan.

References
  1. OpenStreetMap contributors (17 March 2023). "Lavasan, Shemiranat County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  2. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 23. Archived from the original (Excel) on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 23. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  4. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 23. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  5. Encyclopaedia Iranica 2017.
  6. Alian, Sahar. "Identifying Curviness of Overpass Mountain Roads from Remote Sensing Data" (PDF).
  7. "Climate: Lavasan". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  8. lavasani genealogical tree presented in Ayatollah Sadeghi in Qum.

Sources
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