Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse

"Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse" (English: "Sambre-et-Meuse Regiment") is a French poem by Paul Cézano set to music by Robert Planquette and arranged and expanded into a military march by Joseph-François Rauski.

Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse
March by Robert Planquette
Sheet music cover
English"The Regiment of the Sambre and Meuse"
Textby Paul Cezano
LanguageFrench
Premiere
DateMarch 3, 1870
LocationParis
PerformersLucien Fugère

Background

Cezano penned the lyrics to "Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse" following the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, Planquette setting them to music shortly thereafter.[1] Cezano was one of a number of French artists of the period who sought to reconcile the defeat of France with memories of its historic victories, with the song describing the achievement of human immortality through heroic death.[1]

It was first publicly performed by the baritone Lucien Fugère in a Paris cabaret on March 3, 1870.[2] Quickly finding favor as a popular song, it became a part of the music curriculum in schools during the French Third Republic, and was used at other important moments in French history during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[1] It was performed to accompany Alfred Dreyfus' degradation ceremony of 1895 and, during the First World War, to accompany the execution of traitors, though it later fell out of favor.[1]

In 1879, a French army chef de musique Rauski changed Cézano's original melody into a pas redoublé and made significant additions.[3][lower-alpha 1] This march became internationally popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and Rauski was widely assumed to have been the original composer.[5] In the United States, the march is sometimes called the "French National Defilé March"[lower-alpha 2] and misattributed to French composer Arthur Turlet (who had composed a piano and orchestra arrangement of the piece).[5]

Use outside France

Since 1936, the Ohio State University Marching Band in the United States has performed "Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse" as part of its pregame show during the script Ohio formation.[6][7] It is also a staple of the repertoire of the West Point Band, where it is known by the name "French National Defilé".[6]

"Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse" is often used for marches of the Belgian military schools in Brussels (KMS) and Sint-Truiden (KSOO) because of the historic link of this song with Belgium. In the most southern part of the Netherlands, the march is played often because of the historic link of this region with Belgium. We can also notify the use of this music in Marches of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse.

"Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse" is also used for the marchpast piece of the 1st Infantry Regiment Grenadiers Platoon of Chilean Army and the Air Force Academy of Bolivia. It is used as a marching song during the training of cadets and aspiring officers of the Brazilian Military Police in some states. The march is also used in the Mexican Naval Academy (Heroica Escuela Naval Militar) for drill instructions and parades on special visits. It was the regimental march of the Royal 22nd Regiment of the Canadian Army until 1939.[8]

Use in fiction

In Robert Heinlein's Starship Troopers, the character Sergeant Zim leads his soldiers in the singing of "oldies ... like Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse and Caissons".[9]

Lyrics
French English

1er couplet:

Tous ces fiers enfants de la Gaule
Allaient sans trêve et sans repos
Avec leur fusil sur l'épaule
Courage au cœur et sac au dos
La gloire était leur nourriture
Ils étaient sans pain, sans souliers
La nuit, ils couchaient sur la dure
Avec leur sac pour oreiller

Refrain:

Le régiment de Sambre et Meuse
Marchait toujours au cri de "Liberté"
Cherchant la route glorieuse
Qui l'a conduit à l'immortalité

1st verse:

All these proud children of Gaul
Marched without respite or ease
With their rifles on their shoulders
Courage in their hearts and packs on their backs
Glory was their nourishment
With neither bread nor shoes
They slept on the hard ground
With their packs beneath their heads.

Chorus:

The regiment of "Sambre et Meuse"
Always marched to the call of freedom
Seeking the path of glory
That led them to immortality

Notes
  1. In a letter to the editor of the la Petite Gironde, Rauski claimed that, "...sur 179 mesures que compte le pas redoublé, 118 ont été composées et orchestrées par moi." ("...out of 179 measures that make up the pas redoublé, 118 were composed and orchestrated by me.")[4]
  2. "French National Defilé March" was originally a subtitle of American printings of the march.

References
  1. Sweeney, Regina (2001). Singing Our Way to Victory: French Cultural Politics and Music During the Great War. Wesleyan University Press. pp. 1–2. ISBN 0819564737.
  2. Macy, Laura (2008). The Grove Book of Opera Singers. Oxford University Press. p. 172. ISBN 978-0195337655.
  3. William H. Rehrig. The Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music: Composers and Their Music, Volume 2. Integrity Press, 1991. p. 615. ISBN 9780918048080
  4. "M. Rauski, ancien chef de musique au 18e, écrit la lettre suivante à la Petite Gironde à propos de la «Marche de Sambre-et-Meuse», exclusivement attribuée au compositeur Robert Planquette." L'Indépendant des Basses-Pyrénées . 29 March 1908. p. 3.
  5. Damien Sagrillo, John Graziano and Nigel Marshall. Festschrift in Honour of Raoul F. Camus' Ninetieth Anniversary. LIT Verlag, 2022. p. 42. ISBN 9783643913647
  6. Tyler, Don (2016). Music of the First World War. ABC-CLIO. p. 245. ISBN 978-1440839979.
  7. Fairman, Jonathan (2004). Script Ohio: 125 Years of the Ohio State University Marching Band. Kappa Kappa Psi. ISBN 0976421305.
  8. "La Musique du Royal 22e Regiment (Royal 22nd Regiment Band)". Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Retrieved September 1, 2019.
  9. Heinlein, Robert (1959). Starship Troopers. Penguin. p. 72.
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