León Guinto

León Gawaran Guinto Sr. (June 28, 1886 – July 10, 1962) was a public servant in the Philippines from the Commonwealth period up to the post-war era, best remembered as the war-time Mayor of the City of Greater Manila in the Philippines.

In this Philippine name, the middle name or maternal family name is Gawaran and the surname or paternal family name is Guinto.

The Honorable
León G. Guinto Sr.
Portrait as a governor of Quezon.
2nd Mayor of the City of Greater Manila
(12th Mayor of Manila)
In office
January 27, 1942 – July 17, 1944
Appointed byJorge B. Vargas
Vice MayorHermenegildo Atienza (as Vice Mayor for Manila)
Preceded byJorge B. Vargas
Succeeded byHermenegildo Atienza (as Mayor of Manila)
Member of the National Assembly from Manila
In office
September 25, 1943 – February 2, 1944
Serving with Alfonso E. Mendoza
5th Secretary of Labor
In office
1940 – December 1941
PresidentManuel L. Quezon
Preceded bySotero Baluyut
Succeeded byBasilio Valdes
Member of the House of Representatives from Tayabas's 2nd district
In office
1925–1928
Preceded byRafael R. Vilar
Succeeded byMarcelo T. Boncan
19th Governor of Tayabas
In office
December 30, 1955 – December 30, 1959
Preceded byVicente Constantino
Succeeded byClaro Robles
In office
1928–1933
Preceded byFilemon Perez
Succeeded byMaximo Rodriguez
Member of the Tayabas Provincial Board
In office
1922–1925
Personal details
Born
León Gawaran Guinto

(1886-06-28)June 28, 1886
Bacoor, Cavite, Captaincy General of the Philippines
DiedJuly 10, 1962(1962-07-10) (aged 76)
Manila, Philippines
Resting placeManila South Cemetery
Political partyNacionalista (1922-1942; 1945-1962)
Other political
affiliations		KALIBAPI (1942-1945)
SpouseMarta Montes
Children3
Alma materColegio de San Juan de Letran
OccupationPolitician

Early life

Guinto was born to Juan P. Guinto and Pia Gawaran in the village of San Nicolas in Bacoor, Cavite province. He completed his early education from his home town and earned his college degree from the Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He first got work at the Weather Bureau, married Marta Montes from Atimonan, Tayabas Province (now Quezon). The union produced three sons and two daughters.

By 1916, Guinto left his job at the Weather Bureau to pursue law studies at the old Escuela de Derecho and by 1920, after completing his law studies and qualifying as a bona fide lawyer, Guinto was employed as private secretary to the then Senate President, Manuel L. Quezon.

Government service

Pre-World War II

Guinto, after serving briefly as private secretary to Senate President Manuel L. Quezon, launched his political career in 1922 by running as member of the Provincial Board of the then Tayabas Province, the home province of his wife Marta Montes.

By 1925, he pursued the position of representative of the 2nd district of Tayabas under the Lower House of the Philippine Legislature. He held the post of legislator for six years until 1928.

He was elected provincial governor of Tayabas in 1928 but his term was cut short when he was appointed as Commissioner of Public Safety by then American Governor-General Theodore Roosevelt Jr. In the later part of 1933, Governor-General Frank Murphy named undersecretary of the Interior Department. By 1934, the Departments of Interior and Labor were merged and Guinto continued to serve as undersecretary.

In 1940, Guinto was appointed Secretary of Labor in the Commonwealth government of President Manuel L. Quezon.

Greater Manila's war-time mayor

By 1942, Guinto was appointed by Jorge B. Vargas, the then incoming chairman of the Japanese-created government structure called the Philippine Executive Commission, to assume the position of mayor of City of Greater Manila and look after the city's administration during the Japanese occupation during World War II. Guinto's close relations with the labor sector proved useful to his administration of Greater Manila, of which a number of labor leaders served as heads of the city government departments. He held the position until the city's disestablishment in 1944.

In 1945, Guinto was indicted as a war criminal for collaborating with the Japanese forces. A blanket amnesty was issued before the granting of Philippine Independence on July 4, 1946, sparing the former Manila mayor of a war crimes trial.

Post-World War II

Guinto went into the private sector, taught in the academe and even served as Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences of the Lyceum of the Philippines University.

In 1955, Guinto returned home to Quezon Province and was elected governor, only to lose re-election in 1959.

Death

Guinto died in 1962 at the age of 76 in Manila, Philippines.

Legacy

Leon Guinto Street (formerly Pennsylvania Street), which runs through the Ermita and Malate districts, was renamed in his honor.

References
  • By Sword and Fire: The Destruction of Manila in World War II, February 3-March 3, 1945, by Alphonso J. Aluit (1994) Bookmark, Inc. © 1994 National Commission for Culture and the Arts. ISBN 978-971-569-162-8
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.