Lianmuqin Formation

Lianmuqin Formation
Lianmuqin Formation
Stratigraphic range: Valanginian-Albian; ~
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Tugulu Group
Underlies	Donggou & Kumutake Formations
Overlies	Shengjinkou Formation
Thickness	213–360 m (699–1,181 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Mudstone, siltstone
Location
Coordinates	46.0°N 85.8°E
Approximate paleocoordinates	45.0°N 81.9°E
Region	Xinjiang
Country	China
Extent	Junggar Basin
Type section
Named for	Lianmuqin
	Lianmuqin Formation (Dzungaria)

The Lianmuqin Formation,[1] also transcribed as Lianmugin Formation,[2] and Lianmuxin Formation,[3] is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation composed of "interbedded red green and yellow variegated mudstones and siltstones".[4][5] Dinosaur remains have been recovered from it.[6]

The formation is named after Lianmuqin Town in Shanshan County, Xinjiang.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Asiatosaurus[7]	A. mongoliensis[7]
Kelmayisaurus[7][8]	K. petrolicus[7]			"Maxilla and dentary."[9]
Xinjiangovenator	X. parvus			"Tibia [and] phalanges."[10]	Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis.[7]
Phaedrolosaurus	P. ilikensis			"tooth"[11]
Psittacosaurus[7]	P. xinjiangensis[7]
Tugulusaurus[7]	T. faciles[7]			"Hindlimb, rib, [and a] vertebral centrum."[12]
Wuerhosaurus[7]	W. homheni[7]			"Partial skeleton."[13]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Dsungaripteridae indet.[14]	indeterminate[14]				Not referable to Lonchognathosaurus or Dsungaripterus; likely a new taxon.[14]
Dsungaripterus	D. weii[15]					Dsungaripterus and Noripterus
Noripterus	N. complicidens[16]					Dsungaripterus and Noripterus
Lonchognathosaurus	L. acutirostris[16]				Possible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii.[17]

Crurotarsans

Name	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Edentosuchus	E. tienshanensis[18]

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

References

"Re: Kelmayisaurus a carcharodontosaurid". dml.cmnh.org. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
Lianmugin Formation at Fossilworks.org
I. G. Danilov, J. F. Parham (2007). "The type series of "Sinemys" wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa". Palaeontology. 50 (2).
Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-08483-8.
Lucas, S.G. (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Columbia University Press. p. 158. ISBN 9780231084833. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607
"48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.
"A reassessment of Kelmayisaurus petrolicus, a large theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (Preprint). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
"Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
"Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]
"Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.
"Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.
Augustin FJ, Matzke AT, Maisch MW, Csiki-Sava Z (2021). "Pterosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous Lianmuxin Formation (upper Tugulu Group) of the southern Junggar Basin (NW China)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 34 (2): 312–321. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1910819. S2CID 233597623.
"Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction". dml.cmnh.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.
Andres, B.; Clark, J. M.; Xing, X. (2010). "A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (1): 163–187. doi:10.1080/02724630903409220. S2CID 53688256.
Jinling Li (July 1985). "A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis Young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 23 (3): 196–206. Retrieved 2015-01-05.

Bibliography

Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka, eds. (2004). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 1–880. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. Retrieved 2019-02-21.

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[cmnh-1] "Re: Kelmayisaurus a carcharodontosaurid". dml.cmnh.org. Retrieved 2015-01-05.

[FWLianmugin-2] Lianmugin Formation at Fossilworks.org

[3] I. G. Danilov, J. F. Parham (2007). "The type series of "Sinemys" wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa". Palaeontology. 50 (2).

[4] Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-08483-8.

[google-5] Lucas, S.G. (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Columbia University Press. p. 158. ISBN 9780231084833. Retrieved 2015-01-05.

[dinosaurdistribution-6] Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607

[tugulu-7] "48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.

[8] "A reassessment of Kelmayisaurus petrolicus, a large theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (Preprint). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2011-04-28.

[table-4-1-73-9] "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.

[table-4-1-78-10] "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.

[11] Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]

[table-4-1-77-12] "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.

[table-16-1-345-13] "Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.

[D21-14] Augustin FJ, Matzke AT, Maisch MW, Csiki-Sava Z (2021). "Pterosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous Lianmuxin Formation (upper Tugulu Group) of the southern Junggar Basin (NW China)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 34 (2): 312–321. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1910819. S2CID 233597623.

[cmnh2-15] "Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction". dml.cmnh.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-01-05.

[epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de-16] Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.

[ACX10-17] Andres, B.; Clark, J. M.; Xing, X. (2010). "A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (1): 163–187. doi:10.1080/02724630903409220. S2CID 53688256.

[paleoglot-18] Jinling Li (July 1985). "A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis Young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 23 (3): 196–206. Retrieved 2015-01-05.