List of mammals of Europe

This is a list of mammals of Europe. It includes all mammals currently found in Europe (from northeast Atlantic to Ural Mountains and northern slope of Caucasus Mountains), whether resident or as regular migrants. Moreover, species occurring in Cyprus, Canary Islands (Spain) and Azores (Portugal) are listed here. If geographical range of given European mammal additionally overlaps Turkey, it is noted in some of cases. This checklist does not include species found only in captivity. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Introduced species are also noted.

IUCN conservation statuses

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX - extinct, EW - extinct in the wild
CR - critically endangered, EN - endangered VU - vulnerable
NT - near threatened, LC - least concern
DD - data deficient, NE - not evaluated
(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014[1])

Eulipotyphlans

Erinaceidae
Hedgehogs

Talpidae
Moles
Desmans

Soricidae (shrews)

Bats

Pteropodidae (megabat)

Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)

Vespertilionidae (evening bats)

Miniopteridae

Molossidae (free-tailed bats)

Nycteridae (slit-faced bats)

Lagomorphs
The European hare

Leporidae (leporids)

Ochotonidae (pikas)

Rodents

Sciuridae (squirrels)
An alpine marmot

Castoridae

Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

Gliridae (dormice)

Muroids: Spalacidae (spalacids)

Muroids: Cricetidae
Hamsters
Lemmings
Voles

Muroids: Muridae
Old World rats and mice
Spiny mice
Jirds
Gerbils

Muroids: Sminthidae (birch mice)

Muroids: Dipodidae (jerboas)

Carnivorans

Ursidae (bears)

Canidae
European jackal (Canis aureus moreotica), a subspecies of golden jackal

Mustelidae (weasels and allies)

Felidae (cats)
The Eurasian lynx

Hyaenidae (hyenas)

Phocidae (earless seals)

Odobenidae

Odd-toed ungulates

Equidae (horse)

Even-toed ungulates

Suidae (pigs)

Bovidae (bovid)

Cervidae (deer)

Cetacea

Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)
Killer whale
Bottlenose dolphin

Phocoenidae (porpoises)
  • Common porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC
    (Baltic Sea subpopulation: CR, ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise: EN)

Monodontidae

Kogiidae

Physeteridae
  • Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU (Mediterranean subpopulation: EN)

Ziphiidae (beaked whales)

Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
Humpback whale

Eschrichtiidae
  • Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus CR (possible vagrant from Pacific was recorded in 2010[13])

Balaenidae

Introduced animals

Macropodidae (macropods)
  • Red-necked wallaby, Notamacropus rufogriseus LC (Britain, Ireland, France and Germany, introduced)

Erinaceidae

Primates

Sciuridae (squirrels)

Myocastoridae
  • Coypu, Myocastor coypus LC (introduced)

Cricetidae
  • Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus LC (introduced)

Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

Muroids: Muridae
Old World rats and mice

Canidae

Mustelidae (weasel)

Herpestidae (mongooses)

Viverridae (viverrids)

Procyonidae

Mephitidae

Bovidae (bovids)

Equidae (horses)

Cervidae (deer)
  • Chital, Axis axis LC (introduced)
  • Wapiti, Cervus canadensis LC (Italy, introduced)
  • Sika deer, Cervus nippon LC (introduced)
  • Chinese water deer, Hydropotes inermis VU (Britain, France, introduced)
  • Chinese muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi LC (Britain, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Belgium, introduced)
  • White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus LC (introduced; Finland, Czechia)

See also

Further reading
  • Macdonald D., Barrett P., Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Britain & Europe, HarperCollinsPublishers, London, 1993, ISBN 0-00-219779-0
  • Görner M., Hackethal H., Beobachten und bestimmen: Säugetiere Europas, Neumann Verlag, Leipzig, Radebeul, 1987, ISBN 3-7402-0025-1

Notes
  1. Species split from this species or considered as distinct species alternatively. All these taxa occur in the area of interest, including the one on the left.
  2. Not recognized as a separate species in the Mammal Diversity Database v. 1.10.[3]
  3. According to the IUCN Red List this distribution needs to be confirmed and bats from North Africa are treated as Pipistrellus kuhlii.[5]

References
  1. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  2. "Mammal Diversity Database. (2020). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.2) [Data set]. Zenodo". 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4139818. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  4. Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 474–475. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  5. Piraccini, R. 2016. Pipistrellus hesperidus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T136741A22035802. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136741A22035802.en. Downloaded on 06 January 2018.
  6. Çoraman, E. 2021. Miniopterus pallidus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T81633088A89457387. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T81633088A89457387.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
  7. Ellerman, J. R. and Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1966). Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Second edition. British Museum of Natural History, London. Pp. 306–307
  8. Ghoddousi, A., Belbachir, F., Durant, S.M., Herbst, M. & Rosen, T. 2022. Felis lybica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
  9. Ross, S., Barashkova, A., Dhendup, T., Munkhtsog, B., Smelansky, I., Barclay, D. & Moqanaki, E. 2020. Otocolobus manul (errata version published in 2020). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T15640A180145377. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T15640A180145377.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
  10. WWF (2007) Strategy for the Conservation of the Leopard in the Caucasus Ecoregion. Strategic Planning Workshop on Leopard Conservation in the Caucasus. Tbilisi, Georgia, 30 May – 1 June 2007
  11. Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11).
  12. AbiSaid, M. & Dloniak, S.M.D. 2015. Hyaena hyaena. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T10274A45195080. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10274A45195080.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
  13. King, Anthony (20 August 2015). "Are grey whales climate change's big winners?". The Irish Times.
  14. Wright, L., de Silva, P.K., Chan, B., Reza Lubis, I. & Basak, S. 2021. Aonyx cinereus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T44166A164580923. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T44166A164580923.en. Accessed on 16 January 2023.
  15. "The Last Truly Wild Horses Are Alive and Well in Chernobyl". Popular Mechanics. October 17, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  16. "Fresh research shows how horse domestication helped shape humanity". Horsetalk. May 10, 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
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