List of neuroscientists

Many famous neuroscientists are from the 20th and 21st century, as neuroscience is a fairly new science. However many anatomists, physiologists, biologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and other physicians and psychologists are considered to be neuroscientists as well. This list compiles the names of all neuroscientists with a corresponding Wikipedia biographical article, and is not necessarily a reflection of their relative importance in the field.

Name Lifetime Nationality Awards or eponymous
Larry Abbott 1950– United States Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2013.[1]
Susan Ackerman United States
Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz 1850–1921 Poland Artery of Adamkiewicz
Edgar Douglas Adrian 1889–1977 United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1932.[2]
Patrick Aebischer 1954– Switzerland
George Aghajanian 1932– Lebanon
Huda Akil 1945– Syria
Alcmaeon of Croton c.510 BCE Italy
Giovanni Aldini 1762–1834 Italy
Richard W. Aldrich United States
John Allman United States
Alois Alzheimer 1864–1915 Germany Alzheimer's disease
David Amaral 1950– United States
Katrin Amunts 1962– Germany
Per Andersen 1930–2020 Norway
Richard A. Andersen 1950– United States
David J. Anderson 1956– United States
Dora E. Angelaki Crete
Pyotr Anokhin 1898–1974 Russia
Julius Caesar Aranzi 1529/1530–1589 Italy
Silvia Arber 1968– Switzerland W. Alden Spencer Award-2018
Clay Armstrong 1934– United States
Friedrich Arnold 1803–1890 Germany Arnold's nerve
Leopold Auerbach 1828–1897 Germany Auerbach's plexus
Richard Axel 1946– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2004.[3]
Julius Axelrod 1912–2004 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1970.[4]
Paul Bach-y-Rita 1934–2006 United States
Herman S. Bachelard 1929–2006 United Kingdom
Jules Baillarger 1809–1890 France Bands of Baillarger
Róbert Bárány 1876–1936 Austria-Hungary Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1914.[5]
Cornelia Bargmann 1961– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2012.,[6] Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2013.[7]
Ben Barres 1954–2017 United States Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2016
Jessica Barson fl.2000-2020 United States
Danielle Bassett 1981– United States
Adolf Beck 1863–1942 Poland
Georg von Békésy 1899–1972 Hungary Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1961.[8]
Vladimir Bekhterev 1857–1927 Russia Bekhterev's nucleus, Bekhterev–Mendel reflex
Sir Charles Bell 1774–1842 United Kingdom Bell's palsy, Bell's phenomenon, Bell–Magendie law
Alim Louis Benabid 1942– France Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2015.[9]
April A. Benasich
C. Frank Bennett United States Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2019
Seymour Benzer 1921–2007 United States
Heather A. Berlin United States
Julius Bernstein 1839–1917 Germany Bernstein Network
Vladimir Betz 1834–1894 Ukrainian Betz cell
Albert von Bezold 1836–1868 Germany Bezold–Jarisch reflex
Mayim Bialik 1975– United States
Elisabeth Binder Austria
Emilio Bizzi 1933– Italy
Timothy Bliss 1940– United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2016.[10]
Ned Block 1942– United States
Hal Blumenfeld 1962– United States
Herman Boerhaave 1668–1738 Netherlands
Nancy Bonini 1959– United States
Azad Bonni 1963– Canada - United States
Daniel Bovet 1907–1992 Switzerland Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1957.[11]
Edward Boyden 1979– United States Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2016.,[12] The Brain Prize - 2013.[13]
Heiko Braak 1937– Germany Braak staging
Joseph V. Brady 1922–2011 United States
Josef Breuer 1842–1925 Austria Hering–Breuer reflex
Paul Broca 1824–1880 France Broca's area, Broca's aphasia
Alf Brodal 1910–1988 Norway
Korbinian Brodmann 1868–1918 Germany Brodmann area
Thomas Graham Brown 1882–1965 United Kingdom
Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard 1817–1894 Mauritian Brown-Séquard syndrome
Nathaniel A. Buchwald 1924–2006 United States
Linda B. Buck 1947– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2004.[14]
Paul Bucy 1904–1992 United States Klüver–Bucy syndrome
Ludwig Julius Budge 1811–1888 Germany Budge's center
György Buzsáki 1949– Hungary The Brain Prize - 2011.[15] Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2020
John T. Cacioppo 1951–2018 United States
Leopoldo Caldani 1725–1813 Italy
Donald Calne 1936– Canada
Matteo Carandini 1967– Italy - United States
Arvid Carlsson 1923–2018 Sweden Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2000.[16]
Gail Carpenter 1948- United States First woman to receive the IEEE Neural Networks Pioneer Award for the development of adaptive resonance theory (ART) family of neural networks.
Ben Carson 1951– United States
C. Sue Carter United States
Richard Caton 1842–1926 United Kingdom
Ugo Cerletti 1877–1963 Italy
Carlos Chagas Filho 1910–2000 Brazil
Jean-Pierre Changeux 1936– France
Jean-Martin Charcot 1825–1893 France Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, Charcot–Wilbrand syndrome, Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms, Charcot's triad
Cécile Charrier 1983– France Irène Joliot-Curie “Young Female Scientist of the Year” award
Alon Chen 1970– Israel 11th President of the Weizmann Institute of Science
Daniel Choquet 1962– France
Jacob Augustus Lockhart Clarke 1817–1880 United Kingdom nucleus dorsalis of Clarke
Don W. Cleveland 1950– United States Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2018.[17]
Stanley Cohen 1922–2020 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1986.[18]
Graham Collingridge 1955– United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2016.[19]
Ed Connor 1955– United States
Alexander Cools 1941–2013 Netherlands
Jules Cotard 1840–1889 France Cotard delusion
Rodney Cotterill 1933–2007 United Kingdom
S. Allen Counter 1944–2017 United States
Miguel Rolando Covian 1913–1992 Argentina - Brazil
Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt 1885–1964 Germany Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Francis Crick 1916–2004 United Kingdom
Wim Crusio 1954– Netherlands
Harvey Cushing 1869–1939 United States Cushing reflex, Cushing's disease
Johann Nepomuk Czermak 1828–1873 Austria - Germany Czermak–Hering test
Annica Dahlström 1941– Sweden
Henry Hallett Dale 1875–1968 United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1936.,[20] Dale's principle
John Call Dalton 1825–1889 United States
Antonio Damasio 1944– Portugal - United States Golden Brain Award - 1995.[21]
Liverij Osipovich Darkshevich 1858–1925 Russia Nucleus of Darkshevich
Richard Davidson 1951– United States
Peter Dayan 1965– United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2017.[22]
Duchenne de Boulogne 1806–1875 France Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne-Aran spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne-Erb paralysis
Yves De Koninck 1964– United States
Bart De Strooper Belgium The Brain Prize - 2018.[23]
Jean Decety 1960– France - United States
Kay de Villiers 1928–2018 South Africa Honorary President of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies.[24]
Stanislas Dehaene 1965– France The Brain Prize - 2014.[25]
Karl Deisseroth 1971– United States Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2016.,[26] The Brain Prize - 2013.,[27] Golden Brain Award - 2009.[28]
Otto Deiters 1834–1863 Germany
Augusta Déjerine-Klumpke 1859–1927 United States - France Klumpke paralysis
Mahlon DeLong 1938– United States Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2014.[29]
Winfried Denk 1957– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2012.,[30] The Brain Prize - 2015.[31]
Christine Ann Denny United States
René Descartes 1596–1650 France
Robert Desimone Golden Brain Award - 1994.[32] Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2021
Richard Deth 1945–
Adele Diamond United States
Marian Diamond 1926–2017 United States
Alexandre Dogiel 1852–1922 Lithuania Dogiel cells
Merlin Donald 1939– Canada
Gerry Downes United States
Emil du Bois-Reymond 1818–1896 Germany
Yadin Dudai 1944– Israel
Catherine Dulac 1963– France Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2019
Lillian Dyck 1945– Canada
David Eagleman 1971– United States
John Carew Eccles 1903–1997 Australia Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1963.[33]
Constantin von Economo 1876–1931 Austria von Economo neurons
Gerald Edelman 1929–2014 United States
Ludwig Edinger 1855–1918 Germany Edinger–Westphal nucleus
Howard Eichenbaum 1947–2017 United States
George Bard Ermentrout 1954– United States Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2015.[34]
Andreas K. Engel 1961– Germany
Roger M. Enoka 1949– New Zealand
Erasistratus c.304–c.250 BCE Greece
Joseph Erlanger 1874–1965 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1944.[35]
Ulf von Euler 1905–1983 Sweden Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1970.[36]
Bartolomeo Eustachi 1500/1514–1574 Italy Eustachian tube
Edward Evarts 1926–1985 United States
Bengt Falck 1927– Sweden Falck-Hillarp method of fluorescence
James Fallon 1947– United States
Gabriele Falloppio 1523–1562 Italy Aquæductus Fallopii
Paul Fatt 1924–2014 United Kingdom
Richard Faull 1945– New Zealand
Gustav Fechner 1801–1887 Germany Weber–Fechner law
Michale Fee 1964– United States
Eva Feldman United States
Guoping Feng China
Jean Fernel 1497–1558 France
David Ferrier 1843–1928 United Kingdom
Robert Fettiplace 1946– United Kingdom Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2018.[37]
Edward Flatau 1868–1932 Poland
Paul Flechsig 1847–1929 Germany Flechig-Meyer's loop, Flechsig's fasciculus
Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow 1846–1891 Austria
Jean Pierre Flourens 1794–1867 France
Otfrid Foerster 1873–1941 Germany
Auguste-Henri Forel 1848–1931 Switzerland Fields of Forel
Walter Jackson Freeman III 1927–2016 United States
Allan H. Frey 1935–
Karl J. Friston 1959– United Kingdom Golden Brain Award - 2003.[38]
Chris Frith 1942– United Kingdom
Gennosuke Fuse 1880–1946 Japan Kölliker-Fuse nucleus
Fred "Rusty" Gage 1950–
Joyonna Gamble-George United States
Robert Galambos 1914–2010 United States
Galen 129–c. 200/c. 216 Greek Vein of Galen
Franz Joseph Gall 1758–1828 Germany
Michela Gallagher United States Leads the Neurogenetics and Behavior Center at Johns Hopkins University.[39]
Luigi Galvani 1737–1798 Italy Galvanism, Galvanic skin response, Galvanic vestibular stimulation
William Francis Ganong, Jr. 1924–2007 United States
Herbert Spencer Gasser 1888–1963 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1944.[40] Gasser's ganglion
Henri Gastaut 1915–1995 France Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, Idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut
Michael Gazzaniga 1939– United States
Francesco Gennari 1750–1797 Italy Line of Gennari
Ralph W. Gerard 1900–1974 United States
Robert Gerlai 1960– Hungary
Anirvan Ghosh 1964– United States
Alfred G. Gilman 1941–2015 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1994.[41]
Donald A. Glaser 1926–2013 United States
Francis Glisson 1599–1677 United Kingdom
Michel Goedert Luxembourg - United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2018.[42]
David E. Goldman 1910–1998 United States Goldman equation, GHK flux equation
Camillo Golgi 1843–1926 Italy Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1906.[43] Golgi tendon organ, Golgi's method, Golgi cell, Golgi I, Golgi II
Justo Gonzalo 1910–1986 Spain
Elizabeth Gould 1962– United States
Ragnar Granit 1900–1991 Finland Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1967.[44]
Ann Graybiel 1942– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2012.[45]
Maria Grazia Spillantini 1957– Italy
Michael E. Greenberg 1954– United States Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience -2019
Susan Greenfield 1950– United Kingdom
Paul Greengard 1925–2019 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2000.[46]
Kalanit Grill-Spector United States
Sten Grillner 1941– Sweden Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2008.[47]
Bernhard von Gudden 1824–1886 Germany commissure of Gudden, Mammillo-tegmental bundle of Gudden
Roger Guillemin 1924– France Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1977.[48]
Christian Haass 1960– Germany The Brain Prize - 2018.[49]
Vladimir Hachinski 1941– Ukrainian
Marshall Hall 1790–1857 United Kingdom
Albrecht von Haller 1708–1777 Switzerland Hallerian physiology
Sam Harris 1967– United States
Haldan Keffer Hartline 1903–1983 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1967.[50]
Jeffrey C. Hall 1945– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2017.[51]
John Hardy 1954– Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2016.[52] The Brain Prize - 2018.[53]
Demis Hassabis 1976– United Kingdom
Michael Hasselmo 1962- United States
Rolf Hassler 1914–1984 Germany
Donald Olding Hebb 1904–1985 Canada Hebbian theory
Peter Hegemann 1954– Germany The Brain Prize - 2013.[54]
Lennart Heimer 1930–2007 Switzerland
Martin Heisenberg 1940– Germany
Hermann von Helmholtz 1821–1894 Germany Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect
Suzana Herculano-Houzel 1972– Brazil
Ewald Hering 1834–1918 Germany Hering–Hillebrand deviation, Hering's law of visual direction, Hering's law of equal innervation, Hering–Breuer reflex
Herophilos c.335–c.280 BCE Greece
Percy Herring 1872–1967 United Kingdom Herring bodies
Richard L. Heschl 1824–1881 Austria Heschl's gyrus
Walter Rudolf Hess 1881–1973 Switzerland Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1949.[55]
Corneille Heymans 1892–1968 Belgium Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1938.[56]
Okihide Hikosaka 1948– Japan Golden Brain Award - 2015
Nils-Åke Hillarp 1916–1965 Sweden Falck-Hillarp method of fluorescence
Alan Lloyd Hodgkin 1914–1998 United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1963.[57] Hodgkin–Huxley model, GHK flux equation, Hodgkin cycle
Oleh Hornykiewicz 1926–2020 Austria
Victor Horsley 1857–1916 United Kingdom
David H. Hubel 1926–2013 Canada Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1981.[58]
A. James Hudspeth 1945– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2018.[59]
John Hughes 1942– United Kingdom
Andrew Huxley 1917–2012 United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1963.[60] Hodgkin–Huxley model
Laurent Itti 1970– France
Ivan Izquierdo 1937–2021 Argentina - Brazil
Louis Jacobsohn-Lask 1863–1941 Germany Bekhterev–Jacobsohn reflex
John Hughlings Jackson 1835–1911 United Kingdom Jacksonian seizure
Herbert Jasper 1906–1999 Canada
Marc Jeannerod 1935–2011 France
Thomas Jessell 1951–2019 United Kingdom Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2008.[61] Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2016
Amishi Jha
Ted Jones 1939–2011 New Zealand
Michel Jouvet 1925–2017 France
Béla Julesz 1928–2003 Hungary
David Julius 1955– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2021.[62] Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2019.[63]
Marcel Just
Jon Kaas Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2021
Eric R. Kandel 1929– Austria - United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2000.[64]
Nancy Kanwisher 1958– United States Golden Brain Award - 2007.[65]
George Karpati 1934–2009 Canada
Bernard Katz 1911–2003 Germany Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1970.,[66] GHK flux equation
Lawrence C. Katz 1956–2005 United States
JacSue Kehoe 1935–2019 United States
J. A. Scott Kelso 1947– Ireland
James S. Ketchum 1931–2020 United States
Seymour S. Kety 1915–2000 United States
Heinrich Klüver 1897–1979 United States Klüver–Bucy syndrome
Christof Koch 1956– Germany - United States
Albert von Kölliker 1817–1905 Switzerland Kölliker-Fuse nucleus
Masakazu Konishi 1933–2020 Japan
Jerzy Konorski 1903–1973 Poland
George Koob 1947–
Nancy Kopell 1942– United States Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2015.[67]
Georg N. Koskinas 1885–1975 Greece
Emil Kraepelin 1856–1926 Germany Kraepelinian dichotomy
Christian Gottlieb Kratzenstein 1723–1795 Germany
Stephen Kuffler 1913–1980 Hungary
Story Landis United States Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2015
John Newport Langley 1852–1925 United Kingdom
Louis Lapicque 1866–1952 France
Marcelle Lapicque 1873–1962 France
Steven Laureys 1968– Belgium
Denis Le Bihan 1957– France
Aristides Leão 1914–1993 Brazil Leão's spreading depression[68]
Joseph LeDoux 1949– United States
César Julien Jean Legallois 1770–1814 France
Lars Leksell 1907–1986 Sweden
Jerome Lettvin 1920–2011 United States
Simon LeVay 1943– United Kingdom - United States
Rita Levi-Montalcini 1909–2012 Italy Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1986.[69]
Daniel Levitin 1957– United States - Canada
Marc Lewis 1951– Canada
John C. Lilly 1915–2001 United States
Charles Limb United States
Christiane Linster 1962– Luxembourg
Heinrich Lissauer 1861–1891 Poland Lissauer's tract
Rodolfo Llinás 1934– Colombia - United States Llinás' law, Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2018
Otto Loewi 1873–1961 Germany Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1936.[70]
Nikos Logothetis 1950– Greece Golden Brain Award - 1999.[71]
Terje Lømo 1935– Norway
Rafael Lorente de Nó 1902–1990 Spain
Paul Loye 1861–1890 France
Liliana Lubinska 1904–1990 Poland
Keith Lucas 1879–1916 United Kingdom
Liqun Luo 1966– China
Jules Bernard Luys 1828–1897 France Luys' body
William Macewen 1848–1924 United Kingdom
Roderick MacKinnon 1956– United States Nobel Prize in Chemistry - 2003.[72]
François Magendie 1783–1855 France Foramen of Magendie
Horace Winchell Magoun 1907–1991
Eleanor Maguire 1970– Ireland
Misha Mahowald 1963–1996 United States
Paolo Mantegazza 1831–1910 Italy
Eve Marder 1948– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2016.[73]
Henry Markram 1962- South Africa
Bianca Jones Marlin living in 2020 United States 2017 Stat Wunderkinds Award[74]
David Marr 1945–1980 United Kingdom
C. David Marsden 1938–1998 United Kingdom
Niccolò Massa 1485–1569 Italy
Carlo Matteucci 1811–1868 Italy
Humberto Maturana 1928–2021 Chile
Herbert Mayo 1796–1852 United Kingdom
Mervyn Maze South Africa
James McClelland 1948– United States
James V. McConnell 1925–1990 United States
Warren McCulloch 1898–1969 United States McCulloch–Pitts neuron
Bruce McEwen 1938–2020 United States
James McGaugh 1931– United States
Ladislas J. Meduna 1896–1964 Hungary
H. Houston Merritt 1902–1979 United States
Michael Merzenich 1942– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2016.[75]
Franz Mesmer 1734–1815 Germany Mesmerism
Adolf Meyer 1866–1950 Switzerland Meyer's loop
Theodor Meynert 1833–1892 Germany Nucleus basalis of Meynert, substantia innominata of Meynert
Gero Miesenböck 1965– Austria The Brain Prize - 2013.[76]
Earl K. Miller 1962– United States Goldman-Rakic Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Cognitive Neuroscience - 2016[77] George A. Miller Prize in Cognitive Neuroscience - 2019[78]
Brenda Milner 1918– United Kingdom - Canada Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2014.[79]
Peter Milner 1919–2018 United Kingdom - Canada
Mondino de Luzzi 1270–1326 Italy
Egas Moniz 1874–1955 Portugal Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1949.,[80] Moniz sign
Alexander Monro 1733–1817 United Kingdom Foramina of Monro
Read Montague 1960– United States
Richard G. Morris 1948– United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2016.[81]
Giuseppe Moruzzi 1910–1986 Italy
Edvard Moser 1962– Norway Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2014.[82]
May-Britt Moser 1963– Norway Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2014.[83]
Vernon Mountcastle 1918–2015 United States
Anthony Movshon 1950– United States Golden Brain Award - 2013.[84]
Heinrich Müller 1820–1864 Germany Muller glia
Johannes Peter Müller 1801–1858 Germany
Ken Nakayama United States Golden Brain Award - 2017.[85]
Jeremy Nathans 1958– United States Golden Brain Award - 1989.[86]
Walle Nauta 1916–1994 Dutch East Indies
Erwin Neher 1944– Germany Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1991.[87]
Charles A. Nelson III United States
Helen Neville 1946-2018 Canada
William Newsome 1952– United States Golden Brain Award - 1992.[88]
John Graham Nicholls 1929– United Kingdom - Switzerland
Miguel Nicolelis 1961– Brazil
Rudolf Nieuwenhuys 1927– Netherlands
Franz Nissl 1860–1919 Germany Nissl body, Nissl granules, Nissl method
Akinori Noma Japan
Fernando Nottebohm 1940– Argentina
John O'Keefe 1939– United States - United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2014.,[89] Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2014.[90]
Heinrich Obersteiner 1847–1922 Austria Redlich–Obersteiner's zone
Seiji Ogawa 1934– Japan
Melly Oitzl 1955– Austria
Bronislaw Onuf-Onufrowicz 1863–1928 Russia Onuf's nucleus
Jaak Panksepp 1943–2017 Estonia - United States
James Papez 1883–1958 United States Papez circuit
Alvaro Pascual-Leone 1961– Spain
Ardem Patapoutian 1967– Lebanon Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2021.[62]
Paul Patterson 1943–2014 United States
Steven M. Paul United States
Ivan Pavlov 1849–1936 Russia Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1904.[91] Pavlovian conditioning
George Paxinos 1944– Greece
Wilder Penfield 1891–1976 United States - Canada Penfield's maps
Edward Perl 1926–2014 United States
David Perrett 1954– Golden Brain Award - 2001.[92]
Candace Pert 1946–2013 United States
Christine Petit 1948– France Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2018.[93] The Brain Prize - 2012.[94]
Eduard Pflüger 1829–1910 Germany
Archangelo Piccolomini 1525-1586 Italy
Walter Pitts 1923–1969 United States McCulloch–Pitts neuron
Tomaso Poggio 1947– Italy
Vladimir Pravdich-Neminsky 1879–1952 Russia
Karl Pribram 1919–2015 Austria
Stanley B. Prusiner 1942– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1997.[95]
Jan Evangelista Purkyně 1787–1869 Czech Republic Purkinje effect, Purkinje cell, Purkinje fibre, Purkinje images
Dale Purves 1938– United States
Marcus Raichle 1937– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2014.[96]
Pasko Rakic 1933– Kingdom of Yugoslavia - United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2008.[97]
Patricia Goldman Rakic 1937–2003 United States
Wilfrid Rall 1922–2018 United States
Vilayanur S. Ramachandran 1951– India - United States
Santiago Ramón y Cajal 1852–1934 Spain Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1906.[43] Cajal–Retzius cell, Cajal body, Interstitial cell of Cajal
Louis-Antoine Ranvier 1835–1922 France Node of Ranvier
Geraint Rees 1967– United Kingdom
Johann Christian Reil 1759–1813 Germany Islands of Reil
Ernst Reissner 1824–1878 Germany Reissner's membrane
Thomas Reh United States
Robert Remak 1815–1865 Poland - Germany
Gustaf Retzius 1842–1919 Sweden Cajal–Retzius cell
Bror Rexed 1914–2002 Sweden Rexed laminae
David Rioch 1900–1985 India - United States
Giacomo Rizzolatti 1937– Italy The Brain Prize - 2014.[98]
Trevor Robbins 1949– United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2014.[99]
Nayef Al-Rodhan 1959– Saudi Arabia
Gonzalo Rodríguez Lafora 1886–1971 Spain Lafora disease and Lafora bodies
Luigi Rolando 1773–1831 Italy Rolandic area, substantia gelatinosa of Rolando, Fissure of Rolando, Rolandic epilepsy
Edmund Rolls
Michael Rosbash 1944– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2017.[100]
Steven Rose 1938– United Kingdom
James Rothman 1950– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2013.,[101] Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2010.[102]
Bernardo Sabatini 1969- United States
Jane Rylett 1952– Canada
Renato M. E. Sabbatini 1947– Brazil
Oliver Sacks 1933–2015 United Kingdom
Manfred Sakel 1900–1957 Austria
Bert Sakmann 1942– Germany Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1991.[103]
Anders Sandberg 1972– Sweden
Robert Sapolsky 1957– United States
Antonio Scarpa 1752–1832 Italy Scarpa's fluid, Foramina of Scarpa, Scarpa's ganglion
Károly Schaffer 1864–1939 Hungary Schaffer collateral
Andrew Schally 1926– France Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1977.[104]
Richard Scheller 1953– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2010.[105]
Daniela Schiller 1972– Israel
Francis O. Schmitt 1903–1995 United States
Erich Schröger 1958– Germany
Theodor Schwann 1810–1882 Germany Schwann cell
Eric L. Schwartz 1947–2018
Terrence J. Sejnowski 1947– United States
Sebastian Seung 1966– Korea - United States
Michael Shadlen 1959– United States Golden Brain Award - 2012.[106]
Maryam M. Shanechi 1981– Iran one of the Science News 10 scientists to watch in 2019.[107]
Tali Sharot Israel
Carla J. Shatz 1947– United States Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2016.[108] Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2011
Gordon Shepherd 1933–
Charles Scott Sherrington 1857–1952 United Kingdom Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1932.[109] Sherrington's First Law, Sherrington's law of reciprocal innervation, Liddell-Sherrington reflex, Sherrington's First Law, Vulpian-Heidenhain-Sherrington phenomenon
Aafia Siddiqui 1972– Pakistan
James A. Simmons
Eero Simoncelli United States Golden Brain Award - 2016.[110]
Wolf Singer 1943– Germany
Ruxandra Sireteanu 1945–2008 Romania Bielschowsky Society Award for Research in Strabismus - 1994.[111]
Phil Skolnick 1947– United States
Jens Christian Skou 1918–2018 Denmark Nobel Prize in Chemistry - 1997.[112]
P. J. Snow 1948– Australia
Solomon H. Snyder 1938– United States
Louis Sokoloff 1921–2015 United States
Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring 1755–1830 Germany
Peter Somogyi 1950– Hungary The Brain Prize - 2011.[113]
Haim Sompolinsky 1949– Denmark Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2013.[114]
Yvonne Sorrel-Dejerine 1891–1986 French
Roger Wolcott Sperry 1913–1994 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1981.[115]
Larry Squire 1941–
Karen Steel United Kingdom The Brain Prize - 2012.[116]
Nicolas Steno 1638–1686 Denmark
Mircea Steriade 1924–2006 Romania
Lina Stern 1878–1968 Russia
Charles F. Stevens 1934–2022 United States W. Alden Spencer Award-1979
Thomas C. Südhof 1955– Germany - United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2013.,[117] Kavli prize in Neuroscience - 2010.[118]
Nobuo Suga 1933– Japan
Karel Svoboda 1965– Czech Republic The Brain Prize - 2015.[119]
Jan Swammerdam 1637–1680 Netherlands
Franciscus Sylvius 1614–1672 Netherlands Sylvian fissure, Sylvian aqueduct
János Szentágothai 1912–1994 Hungary
Joseph Takahashi 1951– Japan - United States
David W. Tank United States The Brain Prize - 2015.[120]
Ichiji Tasaki 1910–2009 Japan - United States
Jill Bolte Taylor 1959– United States
Sally Temple
Johannes Thome 1967–
Naftali Tishby 1952–2021 Israel Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2019.[121]
Susumu Tonegawa 1939– Japan
Giulio Tononi 1960– Italy
Anne Treisman 1935–2018 United Kingdom Golden Brain Award - 1996.[122]
Doris Tsao 1975– United States Golden Brain Award - 2014.[123]
Richard W. Tsien 1945– China - United States Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience-2014
Misha Tsodyks Russia Mathematical Neuroscience Prize - 2017.[124]
Endel Tulving 1927–
Fred W. Turek 1947– United States
Robert Turner 1946– United Kingdom
Lucina Uddin Bangladesh
Leslie Ungerleider 1946–2020 Golden Brain Award - 2011.[125]
Elliott Valenstein 1923–2023 United States
Antonio Maria Valsalva 1666–1723 Italy Valsalva maneuver
Francisco Varela 1946–2001 Chile
Costanzo Varolio 1543–1575 Italy Pons Varolii
Andreas Vesalius 1514–1564 Habsburg Netherlands
Jerzy Vetulani 1936-2017 Poland Anna-Monika Prize - 1983.[126]
Félix Vicq-d'Azyr 1748–1794 France Bundle of Vicq d’Azyr
Arno Villringer 1958– Germany
Marthe Vogt 1903–2003 Germany
Joshua T. Vogelstein 1981– United States
Oskar Vogt 1870–1959 Germany
Julius Wagner-Jauregg 1857–1940 Austria
George Wald 1906–1997 United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1967.[127]
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz 1836–1921 Germany
Augustus Volney Waller 1816–1870 United Kingdom Wallerian degeneration
William Grey Walter 1910–1977 United States - United Kingdom
Shih-Chun Wang 1910–1993 United States
Kevin Warwick 1954– United Kingdom
Ernst Heinrich Weber 1795–1878 Germany Weber–Fechner law
Karl Wernicke 1848–1905 Germany Wernicke's area, Wernicke's aphasia
Karl Friedrich Otto Westphal 1833–1890 Germany Westphal's sign, Edinger–Westphal nucleus
Victor P. Whittaker 1919–2016 United Kingdom
Robert Whytt 1714–1766 United Kingdom
Torsten Wiesel 1924– Sweden Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 1981.[128]
Samuel Williamson 1939–2005 United States
Thomas Willis 1621–1675 United Kingdom Circle of Willis
Moshe Wolman 1914–2009 Israel
Valerie Wojna – United States Fellow, American Academy of Neurology - 2001.
Daniel Wolpert 1963– United Kingdom Golden Brain Award - 2010.[129]
Daniel Wolpert 1963– United Kingdom Golden Brain Award - 2010.[129]
Robert Wurtz 1936– United States Golden Brain Award - 1991.[130]
Michael W. Young 1949– United States Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - 2017.[131]
E. Paul Zehr 1968– Canada
Semir Zeki United Kingdom Golden Brain Award - 1985.[132]
Huda Zoghbi 1955– Lebanon Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences - 2017.[133]
Yngve Zotterman 1898–1982 Sweden
Charles Zuker 1957– Chile
George Zweig 1937– Russia - United States

See also

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