List of United States state legislatures

This is a list of United States state legislatures. Each state in the United States has a legislature as part of its form of civil government. Most of the fundamental details of the legislature are specified in the state constitution. With the exception of Nebraska, all state legislatures are bicameral bodies, composed of a lower house (Assembly, General Assembly, State Assembly, House of Delegates, or House of Representatives) and an upper house (Senate). The United States also has one federal district and five non-state territories with local legislative branches, which are listed below. Among the states, the Nebraska Legislature is the only state with a unicameral body. However, three other jurisdictions – the District of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands – also have unicameral bodies.

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US state governments (governor and legislature) by party control
  Democratic control
  Republican control
  Split control

The exact names, dates, term lengths, term limits, electoral systems, electoral districts, and other details are determined by the individual states' laws.

Party summary
Party control of legislatures
Republican 28
Democratic 19
Split[nb 1] 3
Total 50
US state legislatures by party control
  Democratic control
  Republican control
  Split control

Note: A party with a numerical majority in a chamber may be forced to share power with other parties due to informal coalitions or may cede power outright because of divisions within its caucus.

Party control of state governments
Republican trifecta 22
Democratic trifecta 17
Democratic governor/Republican legislature 6
Republican governor/Democratic legislature 2
Democratic governor/Split legislature 1
Republican governor/Split legislature 2
Total 50

State legislatures

StateState
executive		Legislature nameLower houseUpper house
NameSize[1]Party strengthTerm
(yrs.)		NameSize[1]Party strengthTerm
(yrs.)
 Alabama GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives105 R 75–27, 3 vacant4Senate35R 27–84
 Alaska GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives40 MC 23–16, 1 NCR[nb 2]2Senate20Coal. 17–0, 3 NCR[nb 3]4
 Arizona GovernorState LegislatureHouse of Representatives60 R 31–292Senate30R 16–142
 Arkansas GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives100 R 82–182Senate35R 29–64
 California GovernorState Legislature[nb 4]State Assembly80D 62–182State Senate40D 32–84
 Colorado GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives65 D 45–19, 1 vacant2Senate35D 23–124
 Connecticut GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives151 D 98–532State Senate36D 24–122
 Delaware GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives41 D 26–152Senate21D 15–64
 Florida GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives120 R 83–35, 2 vacant2Senate40R 28–124
 Georgia GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives180 R 102–782State Senate56R 33–232
 Hawaii GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives51 D 45–62Senate25D 23–24
 Idaho GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives70 R 59–112Senate35R 28–72
 Illinois GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives118 D 78–402Senate59D 40–192 or 4
 Indiana GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives100 R 70–302Senate50R 39–10, 1 vacant4
 Iowa GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives100 R 64–362Senate50R 34–164
 Kansas GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives125 R 85–402Senate40R 28–11, 1 ind.4
 Kentucky GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives100 R 80–19, 1 vacant2Senate38R 31–74
 Louisiana GovernorLegislature[nb 5]House of Representatives105 R 71–33, 1 vacant4State Senate39R 27–124
 Maine GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives151 D 80–68, 2 ind., 1 vacant[nb 6]2Senate35D 22–132
 Maryland GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Delegates141 D 102–394Senate47D 34–134
 Massachusetts GovernorGeneral CourtHouse of Representatives160 D 134–25, 1 ind.2Senate40D 36–3, 1 vacant2
 Michigan GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives110 D 56–542Senate38D 20–184
 Minnesota GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives134 D 69–64, 1 vacant2Senate67D 34–332, 4, 4
 Mississippi GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives122 R 76–40, 3 ind., 3 vacant4State Senate52R 36–164
 Missouri GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives163 R 111–51, 1 vacant2Senate34R 24–104
 Montana GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives100 R 68–322Senate50R 34–164
 Nebraska GovernorLegislature(Unicameral)Legislature[nb 7]49R 32–16, 1 ind.[nb 8]4
 Nevada GovernorLegislatureAssembly42D 27–14, 1 vacant2Senate21D 13–84
 New Hampshire GovernorGeneral CourtHouse of Representatives400 R 198–196, 3 ind., 3 vacant2Senate24R 14–102
 New Jersey GovernorLegislatureGeneral Assembly80 D 46–342Senate40D 25–152, 4, 4
 New Mexico GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives70 D 45–252Senate42D 27–154
 New York GovernorState LegislatureState Assembly150 D 102–482State Senate63D 42–212
 North Carolina GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives120 R 72–482Senate50R 30–202
 North Dakota GovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of Representatives94 R 82–124Senate47R 42–4, 1 vacant4
 Ohio GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives99 R 67–322Senate33R 26–74
 Oklahoma GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives101 R 80–20, 1 vacant2Senate48R 39–8, 1 vacant4
 Oregon GovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of Representatives60 D 35–252State Senate30D 17–12, 1 ind.4
 Pennsylvania GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives203 D 102–1012State Senate50R 28–224
 Rhode Island GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives75 D 65–9, 1 ind.2Senate38D 32–5, 1 vacant2
 South Carolina GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives124 R 88–362Senate46R 30–13, 1 ind., 2 vacant4
 South Dakota GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives70 R 63–72Senate35R 30–4, 1 vacant2
 Tennessee GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives99 R 75–242Senate33R 27–64
 Texas GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives150 R 85–64, 1 vacant2Senate31R 19–124
 Utah GovernorState Legislature[nb 9]House of Representatives75 R 60–14, 1 vacant2State Senate29R 23–64
 Vermont GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Representatives150 MC 112–38[nb 10]2Senate30MC 23–7[nb 11]2
 Virginia GovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of Delegates100 R 49–46, 5 vacant2Senate40D 22–184
 Washington GovernorState Legislature[nb 12]House of Representatives98 D 58–402State Senate49D 29–204
 West Virginia GovernorLegislatureHouse of Delegates100 R 89–112Senate34R 31–34
 Wisconsin GovernorState LegislatureState Assembly99 R 64–352Senate33R 22–114
 Wyoming GovernorLegislatureHouse of Representatives62 R 57–52Senate31R 29–24

Federal district and territorial legislatures
Federal district
or territory		GovernorNameLower houseUpper house
NameSize[1]Party strengthTerm
(years)		NameSize[1]Party strengthTerm
(years)
 American SamoaGovernorFonoHouse of Representatives20 NP 20[nb 13]2Senate18NP 184
 District of ColumbiaMayorCouncil(Unicameral)Council13D 11–0, 2 ind.4
 GuamGovernorLegislature(Unicameral)Legislature15D 9–62
 Northern Mariana IslandsGovernorCommonwealth LegislatureHouse of Representatives20Coal. 16–4[nb 14]2Senate9Coal. 5–4[nb 15]4
 Puerto RicoGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of Representatives5126 PPD, 21 PNP, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD[nb 16]4Senate2712 PPD, 10 PNP, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD, 1 ind.[nb 16]4
 United States Virgin IslandsGovernorLegislature(Unicameral)Legislature15D 11–0, 4 ind.2

See also

Notes
  1. "Split" in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties and thus "hung". The Nebraska Legislature is nonpartisan, and although the majority of members are registered members of the Republican Party, Nebraska's lack of formal party structure within its rules means that no single political party controls the Nebraska Legislature to the extent that political parties often control legislative bodies in other US states. However, for the general purposes of this information, understanding the Nebraska Legislature to be Republican-controlled is a merited oversimplification.
  2. The majority in the Alaska House of Representatives is held by a coalition of 19 Republicans, 2 Democrats and 2 independents. The minority consists of 11 Democrats, 4 independents and 1 Republican. There is also 1 Republican part of neither group.
  3. The majority in the Alaska Senate is held by a coalition of 9 Democrats and 8 Republicans. There are 3 Republicans outside the caucus.
  4. The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the legislature brands itself as the "California State Legislature".
  5. The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.
  6. There are 3 additional non-voting seats allocated to sovereign tribal nations within Maine. Since 2018, only one seat (belonging to the Passamaquoddy) is filled; the tribal representative is a Democrat but is not counted in this total.
  7. When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as "Senators", as the pre-1937 senate was the retained house.
  8. Nebraska's legislature is de jure nonpartisan but senators' political affiliations are publicly known and voting often happens along party lines; the de facto composition is given here.
  9. The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".
  10. The majority in the Vermont House of Representatives is held by a coalition of 104 Democrats, 5 Vermont Progressives and 3 independents. The minority consists of 37 Republicans and 1 Libertarian.
  11. The majority in the Vermont Senate is held by a coalition of 22 Democrats and 1 Vermont Progressive. 7 Republicans make up the minority.
  12. The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".
  13. The American Samoa House of Representatives also includes one nonpartisan non-voting delegate representing Swains Island.
  14. The majority in the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives is held by a coalition of 4 Democrats and 12 independents. The minority consists of 3 Republicans and 1 Independent.
  15. The majority in the Northern Mariana Islands Senate is held by a coalition of 3 independents and 2 Democrats. The minority consists of 4 Republicans.
  16. The parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.

References
  1. The Book of the States (53 ed.). The Council of State Governments. January 7, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
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