Long-tailed ground dove

The long-tailed ground dove (Uropelia campestris) is a species of bird in the dove and pigeon family, Columbidae. It is found in Bolivia and Brazil.[2]

Long-tailed ground dove
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Order: Columbiformes
Family: Columbidae
Genus: Uropelia
Bonaparte, 1855
Species:
U. campestris
Binomial name
Uropelia campestris
(Spix, 1825)

Taxonomy and systematics

The long-tailed ground dove is the only member of its genus. It shares characteristics with both Columbina and Claravis doves but cannot be placed definitively in either.[3][4] It is monotypic according to the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and Clements taxonomies, but the Handbook of the Birds of the World adds subspecies U. c. figginsi to the nominate.[2][5][6]

Description

The long-tailed ground dove is 15.7 to 17.7 cm (6.2 to 7.0 in) long. The adult male's forehead and crown are bluish gray. Its upperparts are brown with a pinkish tinge on the hindneck. The folded wing shows two iridescent purple bands and a row of large purplish black spots. The throat and breast are pinkish mauve fading to white on the belly. The long tail's central feathers are brown and the outer ones black with white tips. The eye is gray to blue surrounded by bare yellow to orange skin. The adult female's eye surround is paler than the male's; its underparts are paler pink, its hindneck and shoulders more olive-brown, and the rest of the upperparts an ashier gray. Juveniles are duller and more grayish brown overall, and the bands and spots on the wings are chestnut and buff.[4]

Distribution and habitat

The long-tailed ground dove is found discontinuously in much of central Brazil and adjoining Bolivia. It inhabits drier (but seasonally wet) grassland, savanna, woodland edges, and scrubby parkland, usually near watercourses. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 1,100 m (3,600 ft).[4]

Behavior

Feeding

The long-tailed ground dove forages in pairs or small groups, taking a wide variety of seeds from the ground.[4]

Breeding

Nothing is known about the long-tailed ground dove's breeding phenology.[4]

Vocalization

The long-tailed ground dove's song is a "series of rather high-pitched, disyllabic 'wha-ooop...wha-ooop...wha-ooop...' notes".[4]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the long-tailed ground dove as being of Least Concern.[1] It appears to be locally common in much of its range, but "habitat destruction and modification may represent significant threats".[4]

References
  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Long-tailed Ground-dove Uropelia campestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  2. Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  3. Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved August 24, 2021
  4. Baptista, L. F., P. W. Trail, H. M. Horblit, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Long-tailed Ground Dove (Uropelia campestris), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. doi:10.2173/bow.ltgdov1.01 retrieved September 17, 2021
  5. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved August 25, 2021
  6. HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved May 27, 2021
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