Macrosemiiformes

Macrosemiiformes is an extinct order of ray-finned fish with one family, Macrosemiidae. The group evolved during the Late Triassic and disappeared during the Late Cretaceous. The group has been found in rock formations in Africa, Australia, Eurasia and North America.[1] They members of Ginglymodi, meaning that their closest living relatives are gars, with them either being placed as the most basal members of the clade, or as nested within the Semionotiformes.[2] Many members of the family have elongated dorsal fins, often associated with adjacent area of skin which was free of scales. These fins were likely undulated for use in precision swimming. Their body morphology suggests that they were slow swimmers that were capable of maneuvering around complex topography, such as reef environments.[3]

Macrosemiiformes
Temporal range: Late Triassic - Late Cretaceous
Various Macrosemiiform fishes, from top to bottom A. Macrosemius rostratus (Germany, Late Jurassic) B. Legnonotus krambergeri (Austria, Late Triassic) C. Propterus elongatus (Germany, Late Jurassic) D. Propterus microstomus (Germany, Late Jurassic)E. Histionotus oberndorferi (Germany, Late Jurassic) F. Notagogus denticulatus (Germany, Late Jurassic)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Infraclass: Holostei
Clade: Ginglymodi
Order: †Macrosemiiformes
Carroll, 1988
Family: †Macrosemiidae
Carroll, 1988
Genera

See text

Fin shape diversity within Macrosemiiformes A. Propterus microstomus; B. Notagogus denticulatus; C. Legnonotus krambergeri; D. Macrosemius rostratus; E. Enchelyolepis andrewsi F. Enchelyolepis pectoralis G. Uarbryichthys latus H. Voelklichthys comitatus. Pectoral fins are shown in yellow; pelvic fins in orange; dorsal fins in red; and anal fins in green.

Taxonomy
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Timeline of genera
CretaceousJurassicTriassicLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousLate JurassicMiddle JurassicEarly JurassicLate TriassicMiddle TriassicEarly TriassicPetalopteryxEnchelyolepisNotagogusPropterusHistionotusMacrosemiusLegnonotusOphiopsisCretaceousJurassicTriassicLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousLate JurassicMiddle JurassicEarly JurassicLate TriassicMiddle TriassicEarly Triassic

References
  1. "Macrosemiiformes". Palaeos vertebrates. Archived from the original on 29 August 2010. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  2. López-Arbarello, Adriana; Bürgin, Toni; Furrer, Heinz; Stockar, Rudolf (2019). "Taxonomy and phylogeny of Eosemionotus Stolley, 1920 (Neopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Middle Triassic of Europe". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/904.
  3. Cawley, John J.; Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; López‐Romero, Faviel A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (February 2021). "Rise and fall of †Pycnodontiformes: Diversity, competition and extinction of a successful fish clade". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (4): 1769–1796. doi:10.1002/ece3.7168. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 7882952. PMID 33614003.
  4. Arratia, G.; Schultze, H.-P. (2012-01-01). "The macrosemiiform fish companion of the Late Jurassic theropod Juravenator from Schamhaupten, Bavaria, Germany". Fossil Record. 15 (1): 5–25. doi:10.5194/fr-15-5-2012. ISSN 2193-0074.
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