1974 Malaysian general election
General elections were held in Malaysia between Saturday, 24 August and Saturday, 14 September 1974.[2] Voting took place in all 154 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 360 state constituencies (except Sabah) on the same day. The elections were the first and only general elections for Tun Abdul Razak as Prime Minister following his appointment to the position in 1970. They were also the first general elections for Barisan Nasional (BN), a new political alliance replacing the Alliance Party; with the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (PGRM) and the People's Progressive Party (PPP) joining the parties from the old Alliance.
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All 154 seats in the Dewan Rakyat 78 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Registered | 4,017,266[lower-alpha 1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 75.00% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results by constituency. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Once Parliament had been dissolved on 31 July 1974, the Election Commission fixed 8 August 1974, as Nomination Day and 24 August 1974, as Polling Day. Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies. The 1,060,871 electors from these constituencies therefore did not cast ballots. Another 88 Front members were later successful, thus enabling their alliance to gain an overwhelming majority in the House. This result was a victory for Barisan Nasional which won 135 of the 154 seats. 10 additional Parliament seats was created in the Peninsular Malaysia in 1974.
Results
Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 1,287,400 | 60.81 | 62 | +10 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 19 | +6 | |||||
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | 13 | +1 | |||||
United Sabah National Organisation | 13 | 0 | |||||
Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu | 8 | New | |||||
Sarawak United Peoples' Party | 7 | +2 | |||||
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia | 5 | –3 | |||||
Malaysian Indian Congress | 4 | +2 | |||||
Sabah Chinese Association | 3 | 0 | |||||
People's Progressive Party | 1 | –3 | |||||
Total | 135 | +14 | |||||
Democratic Action Party | 387,845 | 18.32 | 9 | –4 | |||
Sarawak National Party | 117,566 | 5.55 | 9 | 0 | |||
Malaysian Social Justice Party | 105,718 | 4.99 | 1 | New | |||
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia | 84,206 | 3.98 | 0 | 0 | |||
Homeland Consciousness Union | 8,623 | 0.41 | 0 | New | |||
Independent People's Progressive Party | 1,356 | 0.06 | 0 | New | |||
Independents | 124,202 | 5.87 | 0 | –1 | |||
Total | 2,116,916 | 100.00 | 154 | +10 | |||
Valid votes | 2,116,916 | 95.48 | |||||
Invalid/blank votes | 100,269 | 4.52 | |||||
Total votes | 2,217,185 | 100.00 | |||||
Registered voters/turnout | 2,956,395 | 75.00 | |||||
Source: Nohlen et al., IPU |
Johore
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 11 | 0 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 5 | 0 | |||
Total | 16 | 0 | |||
Total | 16 | 0 |
Kedah
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 8 | +1 | ||
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | 3 | 0 | |||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 2 | 0 | |||
Total | 13 | 0 | |||
Total | 13 | +1 |
Kelantan
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | 7 | +1 | ||
United Malays National Organisation | 5 | +1 | |||
Total | 12 | +2 | |||
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia | 0 | 0 | |||
Independents | 0 | 0 | |||
Total | 12 | +2 |
Kuala Lumpur
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | 2 | |
Democratic Action Party | 2 | |
Malaysian Social Justice Party | 1 | |
Total | 5 |
Malacca
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 2 | 0 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 3 | 0 | |||
Democratic Action Party | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 4 | 0 |
Negri Sembilan
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 3 | 0 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 1 | +1 | |||
Malaysian Indian Congress | 1 | +1 | |||
Total | 5 | +2 | |||
Democratic Action Party | 1 | –2 | |||
Total | 6 | 0 |
Pahang
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 7 | +2 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 8 | +2 | |||
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia | 0 | 0 | |||
Total | 8 | +2 |
Penang
Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | Malaysian Chinese Association | 46,226 | 22.15 | 3 | +2 | ||
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia | 42,792 | 20.51 | 3 | –2 | |||
United Malays National Organisation | 28,331 | 13.58 | 3 | +2 | |||
Total | 117,349 | 56.24 | 9 | +2 | |||
Democratic Action Party | 51,025 | 24.45 | 0 | –1 | |||
Malaysian Social Justice Party | 26,640 | 12.77 | 0 | New | |||
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia | 12,409 | 5.95 | 0 | 0 | |||
Homeland Consciousness Union | 1,235 | 0.59 | 0 | New | |||
Total | 208,658 | 100.00 | 9 | +1 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 271,133 | – |
Perak
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 11 | +4 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 2 | +1 | |||
Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia | 2 | +1 | |||
Malaysian Indian Congress | 1 | 0 | |||
People's Progressive Party | 1 | –3 | |||
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 17 | +3 | |||
Democratic Action Party | 4 | –1 | |||
Total | 22 | +1 |
Perlis
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 2 | 0 | ||
Total | 2 | 0 |
Sabah
Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Sabah National Organisation | 6,468 | 60.85 | 13 | 0 | ||
Sabah Chinese Association | 3 | 0 | |||||
Total | 16 | 0 | |||||
Malaysian Social Justice Party | 4,162 | 39.15 | 0 | New | |||
Total | 10,630 | 100.00 | 16 | 0 | |||
Valid votes | 10,630 | 96.03 | |||||
Invalid/blank votes | 439 | 3.97 | |||||
Total votes | 11,069 | 100.00 | |||||
Registered voters/turnout | 14,242 | 77.72 |
Sarawak
Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu | 83,722 | 31.26 | 9 | New | ||
Sarawak United Peoples' Party | 64,235 | 23.99 | 6 | +1 | |||
Total | 147,957 | 55.25 | 15 | +1 | |||
Sarawak National Party | 117,503 | 43.88 | 9 | 0 | |||
Independents | 2,322 | 0.87 | 0 | –1 | |||
Total | 267,782 | 100.00 | 24 | 0 |
Selangor
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 5 | –1 | ||
Malaysian Chinese Association | 4 | +2 | |||
Malaysian Indian Congress | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 10 | +1 | |||
Democratic Action Party | 1 | –2 | |||
Total | 11 | –3 |
Trengganu
Party or alliance | Seats | +/– | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barisan Nasional | United Malays National Organisation | 4 | 0 | ||
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | 3 | +1 | |||
Total | 7 | +1 | |||
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia | 0 | 0 | |||
Independents | 0 | 0 | |||
Total | 7 | +1 |
Aftermath
After the election, Sarawak National Party (SNAP) became the largest opposition party in the Malaysian parliament and James Wong was appointed the opposition leader. After 2 months, he was detained under Internal Security Act. Datuk Seri Edmund Langgau Anak Saga from the SNAP party later succeeded him. James Wong was detained for almost two years before negotiation led by Datuk Amar Leo Moggie Anak Irok resulting in SNAP joining the Barisan Nasional.
See also
Notes
- Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies, reducing the number of eligible voters to 2,956,395.[1]
References
- Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p156 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
- Nohlen et al., p152