Cynometra

Cynometra (from Greek calque of puki anjing, local Malay name for C. cauliflora according to Rumphius[2]) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution.[1]

Cynometra
Leaves of Cynometra cauliflora
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Detarioideae
Tribe: Amherstieae
Genus: Cynometra
L. (1753)
Species[1]

113; see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Iripa Adans. (1763)
  • Maniltoa Scheff. (1876)
  • Metrocynia Thouars (1806)
  • Pseudocynometra Kuntze (1903), nom. superfl.
  • Schizosiphon K.Schum. (1889)

Species of Cynometra are particularly important as forest components in West Africa and the Neotropics. Cynometra alexandri (muhimbi) is a familiar timber tree of central and east Africa.

The genus is a member of the subfamily Detarioideae. It has been suggested that Cynometra is polyphyletic and is in need of revision.[3] In 2019, beside description of 4 new species (i.e. Cynometra cerebriformis, C. dwyeri, C. steyermarkii and C. tumbesiana), Aleksandar Radosavljevic suggested that the species formerly recognized as Maniltoa should be included in this genus and some of the mainland tropical African species (those with asterisk in the list below) excluded from this genus because of their jointed pedicels and dehiscent fruits (he has not yet published any new combination for them, though).[4]

Species

113 species are currently accepted.[1] The list below is based on Plants of the World Online[1] and Radosavljevic (2019).

  • Cynometra abrahamii Du Puy & R.Rabev.
  • Cynometra alexandri C.H.Wright
  • Cynometra americana Vogel
  • Cynometra ananta Hutch. & Dalziel
  • Cynometra ankaranensis Du Puy & R.Rabev.
  • Cynometra aurita R.Vig.
  • Cynometra basifoliola (Verdc.) Rados.
  • Cynometra bauhiniifolia Benth.
  • Cynometra beddomei Prain
  • Cynometra bourdillonii Gamble
  • Cynometra brachymischa Harms
  • Cynometra brachyrrhachis Harms
  • Cynometra brassii (Merr. & L.M.Perry) Rados.
  • Cynometra browneoides (Harms) Rados.
  • Cynometra capuronii Du Puy & R.Rabev.
  • Cynometra cauliflora L.
  • Cynometra cebuensis F.Seid.
  • Cynometra cerebriformis Rados.
  • Cynometra commersoniana Baill.
  • Cynometra congensis De Wild.
  • Cynometra copelandii (Elmer) Merr.
  • Cynometra craibii Gagnep.
  • Cynometra crassifolia Benth.
  • Cynometra cubensis A.Rich.
  • Cynometra cuneata Tul.
  • Cynometra cynometroides (Merr. & L.M.Perry) Rados.
  • Cynometra dauphinensis Du Puy & R.Rabev.
  • Cynometra dongnaiensis Pierre
  • Cynometra duckei Dwyer
  • Cynometra dwyeri Rados.
  • Cynometra elmeri Merr.
  • Cynometra engleri Harms
  • Cynometra falcata A.Gray
  • Cynometra filifera Harms
  • Cynometra fissicuspis (Pittier) Pittier
  • Cynometra floretii Labat & O.Pascal
  • Cynometra fortuna-tironis (Verdc.) Rados.
  • Cynometra gillmanii* J.Léonard
  • Cynometra glomerulata Gagnep.
  • Cynometra grandiflora A.Gray (syn. Maniltoa grandiflora (A.Gray) Scheff.)
  • Cynometra greenwayi Brenan
  • Cynometra hankei Harms
  • Cynometra hemitomophylla (Donn.Sm.) Rose
  • Cynometra hondurensis Dwyer
  • Cynometra hostmanniana Tul.
  • Cynometra humboldtiana Stergios
  • Cynometra inaequifolia A.Gray
  • Cynometra insularis A.C.Sm.
  • Cynometra iripa Kostel.
  • Cynometra katikii Verdc.
  • Cynometra lenticellata (C.T.White) Rados. (syn. Maniltoa lenticellata C.T.White)
  • Cynometra leonensis Hutch. & Dalziel
  • Cynometra letestui (Pellegr.) J.Léonard
  • Cynometra longicuspis Ducke
  • Cynometra longifolia Huber
  • Cynometra longipedicellata Harms
  • Cynometra lujae De Wild.
  • Cynometra lukei Beentje
  • Cynometra lyallii Baker
  • Cynometra macrocarpa A.S.Tav.
  • Cynometra madagascariensis Baill.
  • Cynometra malaccensis Meeuwen
  • Cynometra mannii Oliv.
  • Cynometra marginata Benth.
  • Cynometra mariettae (Meeuwen) Rados.
  • Cynometra marleneae A.S.Tav.
  • Cynometra mayottensis Labat & O.Pascal
  • Cynometra megalocephala (Harms) Rados.
  • Cynometra megalophylla Harms
  • Cynometra michelsonii J.Léonard
  • Cynometra minor (A.C.Sm.) Rados. (syn. Maniltoa minor A.C.Sm.)
  • Cynometra minutiflora F.Muell.
  • Cynometra mirabilis Meeuwen
  • Cynometra novoguineensis Merr. & L.M.Perry
  • Cynometra nyangensis Pellegr.
  • Cynometra oaxacana Brandegee
  • Cynometra oddonii De Wild.
  • Cynometra palustris J.Léonard
  • Cynometra parvifolia Tul.
  • Cynometra pedicellata De Wild.
  • Cynometra pervilleana Baill.
  • Cynometra phaselocarpa (B.Heyne) J.F.Macbr.
  • Cynometra plurijuga (Merr. & L.M.Perry) Rados.
  • Cynometra polyandra Roxb.
  • Cynometra portoricensis Krug & Urb.
  • Cynometra psilogyne (Harms) Rados.
  • Cynometra ramiflora L.
  • Cynometra retusa Britton & Rose
  • Cynometra rosea (K.Schum.) Rados. (syn. Maniltoa rosea (K.Schum.) Meeuwen)
  • Cynometra roseiflora W.E.Cooper
  • Cynometra sakalava Du Puy & R.Rabev.
  • Cynometra sanagaensis Aubrév.
  • Cynometra schefferi (K.Schum.) Rados.
  • Cynometra schlechteri Harms
  • Cynometra schottiana Hochr.
  • Cynometra sessiliflora* Harms
  • Cynometra simplicifolia Harms
  • Cynometra sphaerocarpa Pittier
  • Cynometra steenisii (Meeuwen) Rados.
  • Cynometra stenopetala Dwyer
  • Cynometra steyermarkii Rados.
  • Cynometra suaheliensis (Taub.) Baker f.
  • Cynometra travancorica Bedd.
  • Cynometra trinitensis Oliv.
  • Cynometra tumbesiana Rados.
  • Cynometra ulugurensis Harms
  • Cynometra vestita (A.C.Sm.) Rados. (syn. Maniltoa vestita A.C.Sm.)
  • Cynometra vitiensis Rados. (syn. Maniltoa floribunda A.C.Sm.)
  • Cynometra vogelii Hook.f.
  • Cynometra warburgii Harms
  • Cynometra webberi Baker f.
  • Cynometra yokotae Kaneh.
  • Cynometra zeylanica Kosterm.

References
  1. Cynonmetra L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  2. Mahdi, Waruno (2007). Malay Words and Malay Things: Lexical Souvenirs from an Exotic Archipelago in German Publications Before 1700. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 112. ISBN 978-3-447-05492-8.
  3. Radosavljevic A, Mackinder BA, Herendeen PS (2017). "Phylogeny of the Detarioid Legume Genera Cynometra and Maniltoa (Leguminosae)". Systematic Botany. 42 (4): 670–679. doi:10.1600/036364417X696465. S2CID 91017745.
  4. Radosavljevic, Aleksandar (2019). "The rise of Cynometra (Leguminosae) and the fall of Maniltoa: a generic re-circumscription and the addition of 4 new species". PhytoKeys (127): 1–37. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.127.29817. PMC 6661263. PMID 31379449.
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