List of monarchs of Baden

Baden was an Imperial Estate of the Holy Roman Empire and later one of the German states along the frontier with France, primarily consisting of territory along the right bank of the Rhine, opposite Alsace and the Palatinate.

Monarchy of Baden
State
Frederick II
Details
StyleHis Royal Highness (for Grand Dukes)
First monarchBerthold I (as Count)
Last monarchFrederick II (as Grand Duke)
Formation962
Abolition22 November 1918
AppointerHereditary
Pretender(s)Bernhard (as Margrave)

History

The territory evolved out of the Breisgau, an early medieval county in the Duchy of Swabia. A continuous sequence of counts is known since 962; the counts belong to the House of Zähringen. In 1061, the counts first acquired the additional title of Margrave of Verona. Even though they lost the March of Verona soon thereafter, they kept the title of margrave. In 1112, the title of Margrave of Baden was first used.

For most of the early modern period, the Margraviate of Baden was divided into two parts, one ruled by the Catholic Margraves of Baden-Baden, and the other by the Protestant Margraves of Baden-Durlach. In 1771, the main Baden-Baden line became extinct, and all of the Baden lands came under the rule of the Baden-Durlach line. The reunited margraviate existed until 1803.

During the Napoleonic era, in the imperial reorganisation of 1803, Baden gained a great deal of additional territory, and its ruler was promoted to become one of the few prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. However, this situation lasted only for three years until the crushing Battle of Austerlitz at the hands of Napoleon's armies, which caused the Holy Roman Empire to be declared dissolved eight months later, in August 1806.

By definition the Electorate of Baden then ceased to exist as such. Just as the former Holy Roman Emperor now assumed the title of Emperor of Austria, so the ruler of Baden assumed that of Grand Duke of Baden. The Grand Duchy of Baden, with increased additional territory, continued in existence approximately within its 1806 borders until the fall of the German monarchies in 1918, when it became the Republic of Baden.

Counts in Breisgau

  • Berthold I, before 962–982
  • Berthold II, 982–1005/06
  • Berthold III, 1005/06–1024
  • Berthold IV, 1024–1073
  • Herman I of Baden, 1040–1074

The Margraviate of Baden

During the 11th century, the Duchy of Swabia lacked a powerful central authority and was under the control of various comital dynasties, the strongest of them being the House of Hohenstaufen, the House of Welf, the Habsburgs and the House of Zähringen. Emperor Henry III had promised the ducal throne to the Zähringen scion Berthold, however, upon Henry's death in 1056, his widow Agnes of Poitou appointed Rudolf of Rheinfelden as Duke of Swabia. Berthold renounced his rights and was compensated with the Duchy of Carinthia and the March of Verona in Italy. Not able to establish himself, he finally lost both territories, when he was deposed by King Henry IV of Germany during the Investiture Controversy in 1077. Berthold retired to his Swabian home territory, where he died the next year. The Veronese margravial title was nevertheless retained by his eldest son, Herman I.

Herman II, son of Herman I and grandson of Berthold, had concluded an agreement with the rival Hohenstaufen dynasty, and about 1098 was enfeoffed with immediate territory by Emperor Henry IV. He chose to establish his residence in Germany, as he had been born and raised there. His lordship of choice was Baden (present-day Baden-Baden), where his father had gained the right to rule by marrying the heiress, Judit von Backnang-Sulichgau, Countess of Eberstein-Calw. In Baden, Herman II had Hohenbaden Castle built. Construction began about 1100, and when it was completed in 1112, he marked the occasion by adopting the title of Margrave of Baden.

Partitions of Baden under Zähringen rule

      
             
Margraviate
of Baden

(1161–1515)
(Pforzheim line
from 1348)
       Margraviate
of Hachberg

(1190–1415)
Margraviate
of Sausenberg

(1290–1503)
Margraviate
of Pforzheim

(1291–1348)
Margraviate
of Eberstein

(1288–1353)
      
      
      
(In 1515 new divisions were made)
             
Margraviate
of Baden

(Rodemachern line
from 1588)

(1515–1771)
Margraviate
of Rodemachern

(1536–1666)
Margraviate
of Hachberg

(1577-1591)
Margraviate
of Durlach

(1515-1771)
      
      
Margraviate of Baden
(Durlach line)
(1771–1803)

Table of monarchs

(Note: Between 1190 and 1515 there were three main numberings of monarchs in Baden: the Baden numbering, valid for all divisions of Baden with exception of Hachberg; the Hachberg numbering, valid in the namesake territory; and the Hachberg-Sausenberg, division of the previous, which also adopted an independent numbering for its monarchs. With the reunion of Baden in 1503, Baden original numbering ended up prevailing over the others.)

MonarchBornReignRuling partConsortDeathNotes
Herman II c.1060
Son of Herman I and Judith of Backnang-Sulichgau
1074 – 7 October 1130Margraviate of Baden Judith of Hohenberg
c.1105
two children
7 October 1130
aged 69-70
He was the first to use the title of "Margrave of Baden" (in 1112). Also Margrave of Verona.
Herman III the Great c.1105
Son of Herman II and Judith of Hohenberg
7 October 1130 – 16 January 1160Margraviate of Baden Bertha of Lorraine
1134
two children

Maria of Bohemia
After 1141
no children
16 January 1160
aged 54-55
In 1151, the margraviate of Verona was taken from Ottokar III of Styria and conferred on Herman III. Took part in the Second Crusade.
Herman IV c.1135
Son of Herman III and Bertha of Lorraine
16 January 1160 – 13 September 1190Margraviate of BadenBertha of Tübingen
1162
seven children
13 September 1190Took part in various battles at the side of the German Emperor, and also joined on the Third Crusade.
Regency of Bertha of Tübingen (1190-1194) Children of Herman IV, divided the inheritance.
Herman V c.1180
First son of Herman IV and Bertha of Tübingen
13 September 1190 – 16 January 1243Margraviate of BadenIrmengard of the Palatinate
1217
four children
16 January 1243
aged 62-63
Henry I c.1180
Second son of Herman IV and Bertha of Tübingen
13 September 1190 – 2 July 1231Margraviate of Hachberg Agnes of Urach
c.1220?
three children
2 July 1231
aged 50-51
Regency of Agnes of Urach (1231-c.1234?) Abdicated in 1289, and joined the Teutonic Knights.
Henry II c.1220?
Son of Henry I and Agnes of Urach
2 July 1231 – 1289 Margraviate of HachbergAnna of Üsingen-Ketzingen
c.1240?
eight children
1297 or 1298
aged 77-78?
Herman VI c.1226
First son of Herman V and Irmengard of the Palatinate
16 January 1243 – 4 October 1250 Margraviate of BadenGertrude of Austria
1248
two children
4 October 1250Fought in the Austrian War of Succession in 1246, claiming the title "Duke of Austria" from 1248.
Regency of Rudolph of Baden (1250-1267) Frederick accompanied King Conradin in his battles and was beheaded with him in 1268.
Frederick I 1249
Alland
Son of Herman VI and Gertrude of Austria
4 October 1250 – 29 October 1268Margraviate of BadenUnmarried 29 October 1268
Naples
aged 18-19
Rudolph I c.1230
Second son of Herman V and Irmengard of the Palatinate
29 October 1268 – 19 November 1288Margraviate of BadenKunigunde of Eberstein
(1230 – 12 April 1284/1290)
20 May 1257
eight children
19 November 1288
aged 57-58
Held regency for his nephew Frederick, and then ended up succeding him, after his childless death.
Herman VII the Rouser c.1266
First son of Rudolph I and Kunigunde of Eberstein
19 November 1288 – 12 July 1291Margraviate of EbersteinAgnes of Truhendingen
Before 6 October 1278
four children
12 July 1291
aged 24-25
Children of Rudolph III, ruled jointly. From 1290 the brothers shared land with the sons of Herman VII.
Rudolph II the Elder c.1266
Second son of Rudolph I and Kunigunde of Eberstein
19 November 1288 – 14 February 1295 Margraviate of Baden
(at Baden proper)
Adelaide of Ochsenstein
2 May 1285
three children
14 February 1295
aged 28-29
Rudolph III the Younger c.1266
Third son of Rudolph I and Kunigunde of Eberstein
19 November 1288 – 2 February 1332Jutta of Strassberg
1306
no children
2 February 1332
aged 65-66
Hesso c.1268
Fourth son of Rudolph I and Kunigunde of Eberstein
19 November 1288 – 13 February 1297Clara of Klingen
Before 1291
one child?

Irmengard of Württemberg
Before 1295
no children

Adelaide of Rieneck
Before 1299
one child
13 February 1297
aged 28-29
Rudolph I c.1250?
First son of Henry II and Anna of Üsingen-Ketzingen
1289–1313Margraviate of Sausenberg Agnes of Rötteln
1298 or 1299
three children
1313
aged 69-70?
Children of Henry II, split their inheritance.
Henry III c.1260?
Second son of Henry II and Anna of Üsingen-Ketzingen
1289–1330 Margraviate of HochbergAgnes of Hohenberg
c.1305
three children
1330
aged 69-70?
Frederick II c.1275
First son of Herman VII and Agnes of Truhendingen
12 July 1291 – 22 June 1333Margraviate of EbersteinAgnes of Weinsberg
before 16 October 1312
one child

Margaret of Vaihingen
Before 1333
four children
22 June 1333
aged 57-58
Children of Herman VII, divided the inheritance. After Herman VIII's childless death, another brother, Rudolph (who was already co-ruling with him), took over Pforzheim.
Herman VIII c.1275
Second son of Herman VII and Agnes of Truhendingen
12 July 1291 – 1300Margraviate of PforzheimUnmarried 1300
aged 24-25
Rudolph Hesso c.1290
Son of Hesso and Adelaide of Rieneck
2 February 1332 – 17 August 1335
(co-ruling since 13 February 1297)
Margraviate of BadenJoanna of Burgundy
Before 1335
two children
17 August 1335
aged 44-45
With no male heirs, Baden-Baden was inherited after his death by his cousin, Rudolf IV, Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim.
Rudolph IV c.1275
Third son of Herman VII and Agnes of Truhendingen
1300 – 17 August 1335
(co-ruling since 12 July 1291)
Margraviate of Pforzheim Liutgard of Bolanden
(d.1325)
28 February 1318
no children

Maria of Oettingen
(d.10 June 1369)
18 February 1326
two children
25 June 1348
aged c.72-73?
Ruled Pforzheim with his brother Herman VIII until 1300, when he became sole ruler. Rudolph inherited Baden in 1335, after the death of his cousin Rudolph Hesso. Secured this inheritance by marrying the eldest of Rudolph Hesso's duaghters to his own son.
17 August 1335 – 25 June 1348Margraviate of Baden
Regency of Agnes of Rötteln (1313-1315)
Henry 1300
First son of Rudolph I and Agnes of Rötteln
1313–1318 Margraviate of SausenbergUnmarried 1318
aged 17-18
Henry IV c.1305
Son of Henry III and Agnes of Hohenberg
1318–1369Margraviate of Hachberg Anna of Usenberg
Before 1369
four children
1369
Rudolph II 1301
Second son of Rudolph I and Agnes of Rötteln
1318–1352 Margraviate of SausenbergCatherine of Thierstein
c.1343
two children
1352
aged 50-51
Brothers of Henry, inherited Sausenberg jointly.
Otto 1302
Third son of Rudolph I and Agnes of Rötteln
1318–1384 Catherine of Grandson
no children

Elisabeth of Strasbourg
Before 1352
no children
1384
aged 81-82
Herman IX c.1315
Son of Frederick II and Agnes of Weinsber
22 June 1333 – 13 April 1353 Margraviate of EbersteinMatilda of Vaihingen
c.3 June 1341
one child
13 April 1353
aged 37-38
Had a son, who predeceased him. At his death Eberstein returned to Baden.
Eberstein annexed to Baden
Frederick III the Peaceful 1327
First son of Rudolph IV and Maria of Oettingen
25 June 1348 – 2 September 1353Margraviate of Baden Margaret of Baden
(d.1 September 1367)
1345
two children
2 September 1353
aged 25-26
Sons of Rudolph V, divided their inheritance. Frederick married his cousin Margaret, daughter of Rudolph Hesso. After Rudolph V's death without children, Pforzheim returned again to Baden-Baden, to the hands of his nephew Rudolph VI.
Rudolph V the Rouser 1328?
Second son of Rudolph IV and Maria of Oettingen
25 June 1348 – 28 August 1361Margraviate of PforzheimAdelaide of Belfort
26 August 1347
no children
28 August 1361
aged 33-34?
Pforzheim annexed to Baden
Regency of Margaret of Baden (1353-1359) Inherited Pforzheim from his uncle, Rudolph V, in 1361, reuniting it with Baden. Under his rule, the Margraves of Baden were recognized for the first time as princeps regni(Reichsfürst).
Rudolph VI the Tall c.1345
Son of Frederick III and Margaret of Baden
2 September 1353 – 21 March 1372 Margraviate of BadenMatilda of Sponheim
1356
three children
21 March 1372
aged 26-27
Otto I c.1330?
First son of Henry IV and Anna of Usenberg
1369 – 9 July 1386Margraviate of HachbergUnmarried 9 July 1386
Sempach
aged 55-56?
Died at the Battle of Sempach, against the Swiss.
Regency of Matilda of Sponheim (1372-1378) Children of Rudolph VI, divided the inheritance, which was reunited after Rudolph VII's childless death. In 1415 Bernard annexed the lands of Hachberg.
Bernard I 1364
First son of Rudolph VI and Matilda of Sponheim
21 March 1372 – 5 April 1431 Margraviate of Baden
(at Durlach and Pforzheim)
Margaret of Hohenberg
1 September 1384
(annulled 1391)
no children

Anna of Oettingen
27 March 1398
ten children
5 April 1431
Baden
aged 66-67
Rudolph VII c.1365
Second son of Rudolph VI and Matilda of Sponheim
21 March 1372 – 1391Margraviate of Baden
(at Ettlingen, Rastatt and Baden)
Unmarried 1391
aged 25-26
Regencies of Otto, Margrave of Sausenberg (1352-1358) and Waleran II, Count of Thierstein (1358-1364)
Rudolph III 1343
Son of Rudolph II and Catherine of Thierstein
1384 – 8 February 1428
(co-ruling since 1352)
Margraviate of SausenbergAdelaide of Lichtenberg
1373
no children

Anna of Freiburg
1387
thirteen children
8 February 1428
aged 84-85
John c.1330?
Second son of Henry IV and Anna of Usenberg
9 July 1386 – 1409 Margraviate of HachbergUnmarried 1409
aged c.78-79?
Brothers of Otto I, ruled jointly.
Hesso c.1330?
Third son of Henry IV and Anna of Usenberg
9 July 1386 – 1410 Anna of Geroldseck
c.1350?
three children

Margaret of Tübingen
1381
one child
1410
aged c.79-80?
Otto II c.1350?
Son of Hesso and Anna of Geroldseck
1410–1415 Margraviate of HachbergUnmarried 1418
aged c.77-78?
In 1415, possibly in debt, sold Hachberg to his cousin Bernard I of Baden-Baden.
Hachberg annexed to Baden
William 11 July 1406
Son of Rudolph III and Anne of Freiburg-Neuchâtel
8 February 1428 – 21 June 1441Margraviate of SausenbergElisabeth, Countess of Montfort-Bregenz
1425
(annulled 1436)
three children
15 August 1482
Môtiers
aged 76
Abdicated in 1441 for his sons.
James I 15 March 1407
Hachberg
Son of Bernard I and Anna of Oettingen
5 April 1431 – 13 October 1453 13 October 1453
Mühlburg
aged 47
Margraviate of BadenCatherine of Lorraine
25 July 1422
seven children
Regency of John, Count of Freiburg and Neuchâtel (1441-1444) Sons of Wiliam I, ruled jointly. In 1458, Rudolph inherited the Swiss county of Neuchâtel.
Rudolph IV 1426/27
Rötteln
First son of William and Elisabeth, Countess of Montfort-Bregenz
21 June 1441 – 12 April 1487 12 April 1487
Rötteln
aged 59-61
Margraviate of SausenbergMargaret of Vienne
c.1450
two children
Hugo c.1430
Rötteln
Second son of William and Elisabeth, Countess of Montfort-Bregenz
21 June 1441 – 1444 1444Unmarried
Charles I the Warrior 1427
Pforzheim
First son of James I and Catherine of Lorraine
13 October 1453 – 24 February 1475 Margraviate of BadenCatherine of Austria
1 July 1447
six children
24 February 1475
Pforzheim
aged 47-48
Children of James, ruled jointly. Bernard spent most of his income assisting the poor and those in need.
Bernard II 1428
Baden
Second son of James I and Catherine of Lorraine
13 October 1453 – 15 July 1458 Unmarried 15 July 1458
Moncalieri
aged 29-30
Christopher I 13 November 1453
Baden
First son of Charles I and Catherine of Austria
24 February 1475 – 1515 Margraviate of BadenOttilie of Katzenelnbogen
30 January 1469
fifteen children
19 April 1527
Baden
aged 73
Children of Charles, divided the inheritance. In 1503 Christopher annexed Sausenberg. From 1488, Christopher ruled an unified Baden, but abdicated for his sons, who divided Baden again.
Albert 1456
Hachberg
Second son of Charles I and Catherine of Austria
24 February 1475 – 1488 Margraviate of Baden
(at Hachberg)
Unmarried 1488
Damme
aged 31-32
Philip 1454
Neuchâtel
Son of Rudolph IV and Margaret of Vienne
12 April 1487 – 9 September 1503 Margraviate of SausenbergMaria of Savoy
October 1478
one child
9 September 1503
Montpellier
aged 48-49
Also count of Neuchâtel. Didn't have male heirs and Baden-Hachberg Sausenberg was incorporated in Baden-Baden. However, his possessions in Neuchâtel passed to his daughter Joanna.
Sausenberg annexed to Baden
Joanna 1485
Neuchâtel
Daughter of Philip and Maria of Savoy
9 September 1503 – 23 September 1543 Margraviate of Sausenberg
(at Neuchâtel only)
Louis I d'Orléans, duke of Longueville
1504
four children
23 September 1543
Époisses
aged 57-58
Inherited her father's county of Neuchâtel.
Neuchâtel inherited by the House of Orléans
Bernard III 7 October 1474
Baden
First son of Christopher I and Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen
1515 – 19 June 1536 Margraviate of BadenFranziska of Luxembourg-Ligny
1535
two children
29 June 1536
Baden
aged 61
Children of Christopher, divided their inheritance. After Bernard's death his lands were divided again between his sons, then still minors. Philip had no sons, and his part reverted to Baden. Ernest abdicated for his son.
Philip I 6 November 1479
Baden
Second son of Christopher I and Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen
1515 – 17 September 1533 Margraviate of Baden
(at Sponheim)
Elisabeth of the Palatinate
3 January 1503
Heidelberg
six children
17 September 1533
aged 53
Ernest I 7 October 1482
Pforzheim
Third son of Christopher I and Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen
1515 – 26 September 1552 Margraviate of DurlachElisabeth of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach
29 September 1510
seven children

Ursula of Rosenfeld
1518
(morganatic)
three children

Anna Bombast of Hohenheim
1 March 1544
(morganatic)
no children
6 February 1553
Sulzburg
aged 70
Regency of Franziska of Luxembourg-Ligny (1536-1554) Children of Bernard III, divided their inheritance.
Philibert I´ 22 January 1536
Baden
First son of Bernard III and Franziska of Luxembourg-Ligny
19 June 1536 – 3 October 1569Margraviate of BadenMatilda of Bavaria
17 January 1557
four children
3 October 1569
Moncontour
aged 33
Christopher II 26 February 1537
Baden
Second (posthumous) son of Bernard III and Franziska of Luxembourg-Ligny
26 February 1537 – 2 August 1575 Margraviate of RodemarchernCecilia of Sweden
11 November 1564
Stockholm
six children
2 August 1575
Rodemachern
aged 38
Bernard IV the Younger 1517
Pforzheim
Son of Ernest and Elisabeth of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
26 September 1552 – 20 January 1553 Margraviate of DurlachUnmarried 20 January 1553
Pforzheim
aged 35-36
Left no heirs. The land goes to his brother, Charles II.
Charles II 24 July 1529
Pforzheim
Son of Ernest and Ursula of Rosenfeld
20 January 1553 – 23 March 1577Margraviate of DurlachKunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
10 March 1551
two children

Anna of the Palatinate-Veldenz
1 August 1558
Heidelberg
six children
23 March 1577
Durlach
aged 47
After his death Baden-Durlach was divided between his three minor sons.
Regency of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria (1569-1577) The Catholic rite was reintroduced on Baden. Left no descendants. Baden-Baden is inherited by his cousin Edward Fortunatus, of the branch of Baden-Rodemachern.
Philip II 19 February 1559
Baden
Son of Philibert I and Matilda of Bavaria
3 October 1569 – 7 June 1588Margraviate of BadenUnmarried 7 June 1588
Baden
aged 29
Regency of William V, Duke of Bavaria (1575-1579) Inherited Baden-Baden in 1588 from his cousin Philip III. In the same year he abdicated of Baden-Baden-Rodemachern to his younger brother Philip IV. In 1594 Baden was occupied by Durlach.
Edward Fortunatus 17 September 1565
London
First son of Christopher II and Cecilia of Sweden
2 August 1575 – 8 June 1600 Margraviate of Rodemachern Maria van Eicken
13 March 1591
Brussels
four children
8 June 1600
Kastellaun
aged 34
7 June 1588 – 1594Margraviate of Baden
Regency of Anna of the Palatinate-Veldenz, Louis III, Duke of Württemberg and Louis VI, Elector Palatine (1577-1584) Children of Charles II. The oldest son, Ernest Frederick, received the remaining Baden-Durlach and occupied the main margraviate of Baden, but left no descendants, which meant that his lands were inherited by his brother George Frederick, who then ruled at Sausenberg. James III received Hachberg, and passed it to his minor son, a minority in which Ernest Frederick took the opportunity to merge with his domains. George Frederick was the inheritor of Ernest Frederick, but was defeated by his kinsman William II, son of Edward Fortunatus, and abdicated.
Ernest Frederick 17 October 1560
Durlach
First son of Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach and Anna of the Palatinate-Veldenz
23 March 1577 – 14 April 1604 Margraviate of Durlach Anne of East Frisia
21 December 1585
no children
14 April 1604
Remchingen
aged 43
1594 – 14 April 1604Margraviate of Baden
James III[1] 26 May 1562
Pforzheim
Second son of Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach and Anna of the Palatinate-Veldenz
23 March 1577 – 17 August 1590 Margraviate of HachbergElisabeth of Culemborg-Pallandt
6 September 1584
four children
17 August 1590
Emmendingen
aged 28
George Frederick 30 January 1573
Baden
Third son of Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach and Anna of the Palatinate-Veldenz
23 March 1577 – 26 August 1622 Margraviate of Durlach
(at Sausenberg 1577-1604; in Durlach proper 1604-1622)
Juliana Ursula of Salm-Neuviller
2 July 1592
fifteen children

Agatha of Erbach-Breuberg
23 October 1614
three children

Elizabeth Stolz
29 July 1621
(morganatic)
no children
24 September 1638
Strasbourg
aged 65
14 April 1604 – 26 August 1622Margraviate of Baden
Regency of Ernest Frederick, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1590-1591) Died in infancy, under the illegal regency of his uncle, who also annexed his margraviate.
Ernest James 24 August 1590
Posthumous son of James III and Elisabeth of Culemborg-Pallandt
24 August 1590 – 29 May 1591 Margraviate of HachbergUnmarried 29 May 1591
aged 0
Hachberg annexed to Baden
Philip III 15 August 1567
Rodemachern
Second son of Christopher II and Cecilia of Sweden
8 June 1600 – 6 November 1620Margraviate of RodemarchernUnmarried 6 November 1620
Emmendingen
aged 53
Inherited Baden-Baden-Rodemachern in 1588 from his older brother Edward Fortunatus, who abdicated on him. After his death Rodemachern passed to his nephew and second son of Edward Fortunatus, Herman.
Herman Fortunatus 23 January 1595
Rastatt
Second son of Edward Fortunatus and Maria van Eicken
6 November 1620 – 4 January 1665 Margraviate of RodemarchernAntonia Elisabeth of Criechingen
18 April 1627
three children

Maria Sidonia of Daun-Falkenstein
After 1635
two children
4 January 1665
Kastellaun
aged 69
Children of Edward Fortunatus, inherited different margraviates. Herman inherited from rodemachern his uncle Philip, while William was invested with the main margraviate of Baden.
William 30 July 1593
Baden
First son of Edward Fortunatus and Maria van Eicken
26 August 1622 – 22 May 1677 Margraviate of BadenCatherine Ursula of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
13 October 1624
fourteen children

Maria Magdalena of Oettingen-Baldern
1650
Vienna
five children
22 May 1677
Baden
aged 69
Frederick V the Kinsman[2] 6 July 1594
Sulzburg
Son of George Frederick and Juliana Ursula of Salm-Neuviller
26 August 1622 – 8 September 1659 Margraviate of DurlachBarbara of Württemberg
21 December 1616
seven children

Eleonore of Solms-Laubach
8 October 1627
three children

Maria Elisabeth of Waldeck-Eisenberg
21 January 1634
no children

Anna Maria von Hohen-Geroldseck
13 February 1644
no children

Eusebia Elisabeth of Fürstenberg
20 May 1650
no children
8 September 1659
Durlach
aged 65
Frederick VI the Turkish 16 November 1617
Durlach
Son of Frederick V and Barbara of Württemberg
8 September 1659 – 31 January 1677 Margraviate of DurlachChristina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Kleeburg
30 November 1642
Stockholm
eight children

Johanna Bayer
After 1662
(morganatic)
two children
31 January 1677
Durlach
aged 59
Charles William December 1627
Son of Herman Fortunatus and Antonia Elisabeth of Criechingen
4 January 1665 – 4 November 1666 Margraviate of RodemarchernUnmarried 4 November 1666
aged 38
Died without descendants and his lands reverted to Baden.
Rodemachern annexed to Baden
Louis William the Turkish 8 April 1655
Paris
Son of Ferdinand Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Louise Christine of Savoy
22 May 1677 – 4 January 1707 Margraviate of BadenSibylle of Saxe-Lauenburg
27 March 1690
Ostrov
ten children
4 January 1707
Rastatt
aged 51
Grandson of William. Made war with France.
Frederick VII Magnus 23 September 1647
Ueckermünde
Son of Frederick VI and Christina Magdalena of the Palatinate-Kleeburg
31 January 1677 – 25 June 1709 Margraviate of DurlachAugusta Marie of Holstein-Gottorp
15 May 1670
Husum
eleven children
25 June 1709
Durlach
aged 61
Regency of Sibylle of Saxe-Lauenburg (1707-1727) Sibylle has been credited with the reconstruction of Baden-Baden, which had been ravaged greatly by the French during various wars.
Louis George the Hunter 7 June 1702
Ettlingen
Third son of Louis William and Sibylle of Saxe-Lauenburg
4 January 1707 – 22 October 1761 Margraviate of BadenMaria Anna of Schwarzenberg
8 April 1721
Český Krumlov
four children

Maria Anna Josepha of Bavaria
20 July 1755
Ettlingen
no children
22 October 1761
Rastatt
aged 59
Charles III William 27 January 1679
Durlach
Son of Frederick VII Magnus and Augusta Marie of Holstein-Gottorp
25 June 1709 – 12 May 1738 Margraviate of DurlachMagdalena Wilhelmine of Württemberg
27 June 1697
(separated 1715)
three children
12 May 1738
Karlsruhe
aged 59
August George 14 January 1706
Rastatt
Fifth son of Louis William and Sibylle of Saxe-Lauenburg
22 October 1761 – 21 October 1771 Margraviate of BadenMaria Victoria of Arenberg
7 December 1735
Rastatt
no children
21 October 1771
Rastatt
aged 65
Last male member of the Baden-Baden line, after his death without heirs Baden-Baden fell to the Baden-Durlach line, who reunited all Baden.
Regencies of Magdalena Wilhelmine of Württemberg (1738-1742) and Charles August of Baden-Durlach (1738-1746) Grandson of Charles III William. In 1746 attained majority. In 1771 inherited the Baden-Baden lands and reunified the margraviate of Baden.In 1803 became Elector.
Charles Frederick 22 November 1728
Karlsruhe
Son of Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Durlach and Amalia of Nassau-Dietz
12 May 1738 – 21 October 1771 Margraviate of Durlach Caroline Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt
28 January 1751
five children

Louise Caroline of Hochberg
24 November 1787
(morganatic)
five children
10 June 1811
Karlsruhe
aged 82
21 October 1771 – 27 April 1803Margraviate of Baden
Durlach annexed to Baden

Elector of Baden, 1803–1806

Elector of Baden
Baden Dynasty
Image Name
(Birth–Death)
Began Ended Notes
Charles Frederick
Karl Friedrich
(1728–1811)
27 April 1803 25 July 1806 The first and only Elector of Baden. Became Grand Duke of Baden.

Grand Dukes of Baden, 1806–1918

Grand Dukes of Baden
Baden Dynasty
Image Name
(Birth–Death)
Began Ended Notes
Charles Frederick
Karl Friedrich
(1728–1811)
25 July 1806 10 June 1811
Charles I
Karl I
(1786–1818)
10 June 1811 8 December 1818 Grandson of Charles Frederick.
Louis I
Ludwig I
(1763–1830)
8 December 1818 30 March 1830 Uncle of Charles.
Leopold I
Leopold I
(1790–1852)
30 March 1830 24 April 1852 Half-brother of Louis I.
Louis II
Ludwig II
(1824–1858)
24 April 1852 22 January 1858 Son of Leopold I. Ruled under the regency of his brother Frederick.
Frederick I
Friedrich I
(1826–1907)
22 January 1858 28 September 1907 Brother of Louis II. Served as regent 1852–1858. Took the title of Grand Duke in 1856. Became a subordinate ruler in the German Empire after the Unification of Germany in 1871.
Frederick II
Friedrich II
(1857–1928)
28 September 1907 22 November 1918 Son of Frederick I. The last Grand Duke of Baden. Abdicated in the German Revolution of 1918–1919.

See also

References

  1. He is numbered III after Jakob von Baden (Archbishop of Trier), usually counted as James II but didn't rule.
  2. He is numbered V after Frederick of Baden (Bishop of Utrecht), usually counted as Frederick IV but didn't rule.
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