Metatarsophalangeal joints
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP joints), also informally known as toe knuckles, are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes. They are condyloid joints, meaning that an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) comes close to a shallow cavity (of the proximal phalanges).
| Metatarsophalangeal joints | |
|---|---|
 Bones of the right foot; metatarsalphalangeal joints highlighted in an orange box | |
 The MTP, IP, PIP, and DIP joints of the foot:
| |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | articulationes metatarsophalangeae |
| MeSH | D008683 |
| TA98 | A03.6.10.801 |
| TA2 | 1964 |
| FMA | 35222 71356, 35222 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral.
Movements
The movements permitted in the metatarsophalangeal joints are flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction.
Left: toes adducted (pulled towards the center) and spread (abducted); right, both feet clenched (plantar flexed)
The upper foot is clenching (plantarflexing) at the MTP joints and at the joints of the toes; the central foot is lifting the toes (dorsiflexing) at the MTP joints; and the foot flat on the ground off to the side is in a neutral position..jpg.webp)
Kneeling with the MTP joints dorsiflexed (except the MTP joint of the little toe)- Measuring the dorsiflexion of the MTP joints
See also
- Bunion
- Hallux rigidus (stiff big toe)
- Metatarsophalangeal joint sprain (turf toe)
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 359 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
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