Milesia (fly)

Milesia
	Milesia crabroniformis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Syrphidae
Subfamily:	Eristalinae
Tribe:	Milesiini
Subtribe:	Milesiina
Genus:	Milesia; Latreille, 1804[1]
Type species
	Syrphus crabroniformis; Fabricius, 1775[2]
Synonyms
	Sphixea Rondani, 1845[3]; Sphixaea Rondani, 1856[4]; Sphyxaea Rondani, 1856[4]; Sphizaea Schiner, 1864[5]; Sphyxaea Scudder, 1882[6]; Sphecea Bezzi, 1906[7]; Pogonosyrphus Malloch, 1932[8]; Sphinxea Neave, 1940[9];

Milesia is a genus of very large hoverflies,[10] which mimic social wasps. For example, the European species Milesia crabroniformis is a convincing mimic of the hornet species Vespa crabro. Milesia are predominantly Palaeotropical in distribution almost entirely Oriental.[11]

The Larvae are of the short-tailed type, found in decaying heartwood of deciduous trees, including rot-holes. [12]

Species List

M. afra Doesburg, 1955[13]
M. anthrax Hippa, 1990[14]
M. aperta Hippa, 1990[14]
M. apicalis Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1863[15]
M. apsycta Séguy, 1948[16]
M. arnoldi Malloch, 1932[8]
M. balteata Kertész, 1901[17]
M. bella Townsend, 1897[18]
M. bequaerti (Doesburg, 1955)[13]
M. bigoti Osten Sacken, 1882[19]
M. brunetti Herve-Bazin, 1923[20]
M. brunneonigra Hippa, 1990[14]
M. caesarea Hippa, 1990[14]
M. cinnamomea Hippa, 1990[14]
M. citrogramma Hippa, 1990[14]
M. collina Hippa, 1990[14]
M. confluens Hippa, 1990[14]
M. conspicienda Walker, 1859[21]
M. conspicua Curran, 1928[22]
M. crabroniformis Fabricius, 1775[2]
M. cretosa Hippa, 1990[14]
M. crinita Hippa, 1990[14]
M. dearmata Hippa, 1990[14]
M. diardi Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1863[15]
M. elegans Matsumura, 1916[23]
M. excelda Curran, 1928[22]
M. ferruginosa Brunetti, 1913[24]
M. fissipennis Speiser, 1911[25]
M. flavifacies Bigot, 1876[26]
M. fuscicosta Bigot, 1875[27]
M. gigantea Hippa, 1990[14]
M. illustris Hippa, 1990[14]
M. imperator Hippa, 1990[14]
M. insignis Hippa, 1990[14]
M. insistens Curran, 1931[28]
M. labellata Hippa, 1990[14]
M. lieftincki Hippa, 1990[14]
M. limbipennis Macquart, 1848[29]
M. maai Hippa, 1990[14]
M. macularis Wiedemann, 1824[30]
M. maolana Chang & Yang, 1993[31]
M. metallica Curran, 1931[28]
M. micans Hippa, 1990[14]
M. mima Hippa, 1990[14]
M. nigra Fluke, 1939[32]
M. nigriventris He & Chu, 1994[33]
M. ochracea Hippa, 1990[14]
M. oshimaensis Shiraki, 1930[34]
M. overlaeti (Doesburg, 1955)[13]
M. paucipunctata Yang & Cheng, 1993[31]
M. pendleburyi Curran, 1928[22]
M. pennipes Hippa, 1990[14]
M. plumipes Hippa, 1990[14]
M. prolixa Hippa, 1990[14]
M. pulchra Williston, 1892[35]
M. quantula Hippa, 1990[14]
M. reinwardtii Wiedemann, 1824[30]
M. rex Hippa, 1990[14]
M. ritsemae Osten Sacken, 1882[19]
M. scutellata Hull, 1924[36]
M. semifulva Meijere, 1904[37]
M. semiluctifera (Villers, 1789)[38]
M. semperi Osten Sacken, 1882[19]
M. sexmaculata Brunetti, 1915[39]
M. simulator Hippa, 1990[14]
M. sinensis Curran, 1925[40]
M. spectabilis Hippa, 1990[14]
M. tadzhikorum Peck & Hippa, 1988[41]
M. tigris Hippa, 1990[14]
M. titanea Hippa, 1990[14]
M. trilobata Hippa, 1990[14]
M. undulata Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1862[15]
M. variegata Brunetti, 1908[42]
M. verticalis Brunetti, 1923[43]
M. vespoides Walker, 1857[44]
M. virginiensis (Drury, 1924)[45]
M. yaeyamana Matsumura, 1916[23]
M. zamiel Walker, 1856[46]

gallery

Milesia ornata wing
Milesia semiluctifera
Milesia crabroniformi
Milesia ornata hind leg
Yellow Jacket and Mimic
Milesia crabroniformis

References

Latreille, P. A. (1804). "Tableau methodique des Insectes". Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 24: 129–295.
Fabricius, J.C. (1775). Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig]: Kortii. pp. [32] + 832. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
Rondani, C. (1845). "Ordinamento sistematico dei generi italiani degli insetti ditteri [part]". Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna 1844. 2 (2): 443–459.
Rondani, Camillo (1856). Dipterologiae Italicae Prodromus. Vol: I. Genera italica ordinis Dipterorum ordinatim disposita et distincta et in familias et stirpes aggregata. Parmae [= Parma].: A. Stocchi. pp. 226 + [2]. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
Schiner, I.R. (1864). Catalogus systematicus dipterorum Europae. Vindobonae [=Vienna]: Societatis zoologico-botanicae. pp. xii + 115 pp. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Scudder, S. H. (1882). "Nomenclator zoologicus. Part 1. Supplemental list of genera in zoology". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 19 (1): xxi + 367. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
Bezzi, Mario (1906). "Noch einige neue Namen fur Dipterengattungen". Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie. 6: 49–55. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
Malloch, John Russell (1932). "Notes on exotic Diptera (2)". Stylops. 1: 112–126.
Neave, S.A. (1940). Nomenclator zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the end of 1935. In four volumes. Q-Z and Supplement. Vol. IV. Zoological Society of London. pp. 1–758.
Van Veen, M. P. (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (hardback). Utrecht: KNNV Publishing. p. 145. ISBN 90-5011-199-8.
Vockeroth, J.R. (1987). Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Volume 2 (PDF). Canada: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. p. 668. ISBN 0-660-12125-5.
Rotheray, G.E. (1993). "Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe" (PDF). Diperists Digest. 9: 155.
Doesburg, P.H. van (1955). "Two new Pogonosyrphus and one new Milesia from Belgian Congo (Diptera, Syrphidae)". Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines. 51: 81–84.
Hippa, H. (1990). "The genus Milesia Latreille (Diptera, Syrphidae)". Acta Zoologica Fennica. 187: 1–226.
Snellen van Vollenhoven, S.C. (1863). "Beschrijving van eenige nieuwe soorten van Diptera". Versl. Meded. K. Akad. Wet. Amst. 15: 8–18.
Séguy, E. (1948). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus d'extreme-Orient". Notes Ent. Chin. 12 (14): 153–172. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
Kertesz, Kálmán (1901). "Neue und bekannte Dipteren in der Sammlung des Ungarischen National-Museums". Természetrajzi Füzetek. 24: 403–4321 pl. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Townsend, C.H.T. (1897). "Contributions from the New Mexico Biological Station. No. IV. Diptera from the Sacramento and the White Mountains, in southern New Mexico. I." Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 19 (6): 138–149. doi:10.1080/00222939708680518. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1882). "Diptera from the Philippine Islands brought home by Dr. Carl Semper, and described by C.R. Osten Sacken". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 26: 83–252.
Hervé-Bazin, J. (1923). "Diagnoses de Syrphides [Dipt.] nouveaux du Laos (Indo-Chine francaise)". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 1923: 25–28.
Walker, Francis (1859). "Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Makessar in Celebes, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. London: The Linnean Society. 4 (14): 97–144. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1859.tb00187.x.
Curran, C. H. (1928). "The Syrphidae of the Malay Peninsula". Journal of the Federal Malay States Museums. 14: 141–324.
Matsumura, Shonen (1916). Thousand insects of Japan. Additamenta Vol. 2 (Diptera). Tokyo: Keisei-sha. pp. 185–474 + [4], pls. 16–25.
Brunetti, E. (1913). "New and interesting Diptera from the eastern Himalayas". Rec. Indian Mus. 9: 255–277.
Speiser, P. (1911). "Zur Kenntnis aussereuropäische r Dipteren". Jahrbücher des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde. 64: 237–261. Retrieved 16 August 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
Bigot, J.M.F. (1876). "6. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 4 partie, V: Asilides exotiques nouveaux; 5 partie, VI: espèces exotiques nouvelles des genres Sphixea (Rondani) et Volucella (auctorum); 5 partie, VII: espèces nouvelles du genre Cyphomyia". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 5 (5): 469–482. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Bigot, J.M.F. (1875). "6. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 4 partie, V: Asilides exotiques nouveaux; 5 partie, VI: espèces exotiques nouvelles des genres Sphixea (Rondani) et Volucella (auctorum); 5 partie, VII: espèces nouvelles du genre Cyphomyia". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 5 (5): 469–482. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Curran, C.H. (1931). "Records and descriptions of Syrphidae from North Borneo including Mt. Kinabalu". Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums. 16: 333–376.
Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1848). "Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Suite du 2.me supplement. [=Suppl. 3] (2)". Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Agric. Arts, Lille. 1847 (2): 161–237, 7 pls.
Wiedemann, Christian Rudolph Wilhelm (1824). Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus Analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniens: maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. Kiliae,eregio typoguapheo scholarum. pp. 1–60. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
Chang, X.; Yang, C.K. (1993). "New species and new records of Milesiinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Guizhou, China". Entomotaxonomia. 15 (327–332).
Fluke, C.L., Jr. (1939). "New Syrphidae (Diptera) from Central and North America". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 32 (2): 365–375, 1 p. doi:10.1093/aesa/32.2.365.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
He, J.L.; Chu, X.P. (1994). "A new species of Milesia from Wuyi Shan, China (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Wuyi Sci. J (in Chinese). 11: 103–105.
Shiraki, T. (1930). "Die Syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete". Mem. Fac. Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 1: xx + 446 pp.
Williston, S.W. . (1892). "Fam. Syrphidae". Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia-Insecta-Diptera. 3: 73–78. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Hull, Frank Montgomery (1924). "Milesia in North America (Dipt.: Syrphidae)". Entomological News. 35: 280–282. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
Meijere, J.C.H. de. "Neue und bekannte Sud-Asiatische Dipteren" (PDF). Bijdr. Dierkd. 17/18: 83–118, pl. 8, fig. 22–23. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
Villers, C.J. de (1789). Caroli Linnaei entomologia ... Vol. 3. Lugduni [=Lyon].: Piestre & Delamolliere. pp. 657 pp., 4 pls.
Brunetti, Enrico Adelelmo (1915). "Notes on Oriental Syrphidae, with descriptions of new species, Pt. II". Records of the Indian Museum. 11: 201–256, pl. 13. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
Curran, C.H. (1925). "New exotic Diptera in the American Museum of Natural History" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (200): 10. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
Peck, L.V.; Hippa, H. (1988). "A new west Palaearctic species of Milesia (Diptera, Syrphidae) and its classification". Annales Entomologici Fennici. 54: 55–58.
Brunetti, E. (1908). "Notes on oriental Syrphidae with descriptions of new species. Part I". Records of the Indian Museum. 2: 49–96. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
Brunetti, Enrico Adelelmo (1923). Diptera. Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae. In: [Shipley, A.E., ed.], Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. III. London: Taylor & Francis. pp. xii + 424 pp., 6 pls.
Walker, Francis (1856). "Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Singapore and Malacca by Mr. A.R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. The Linnean Society. 1: 4–39. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00943b.x.
Drury, Dru (1773). Illustrations of natural history... Vol. 1, , 4 figs., [1770.04.23]; vol. 2, vii + 90 pp., 50 pls., and index to Vols. 1-2 (4 unnumbered pages). London: sold by White, Printed for the author. pp. xxviii + 130 pp. 50 pls.
Walker, Francis (1856). "Catalogue of the Dipterous Insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology. 1 (3): 105–136. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00964.x.

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[Latreille1804-1] Latreille, P. A. (1804). "Tableau methodique des Insectes". Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 24: 129–295.

[Fabricius1775-2] Fabricius, J.C. (1775). Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig]: Kortii. pp. [32] + 832. Retrieved 20 February 2021.

[Rondani1845-3] Rondani, C. (1845). "Ordinamento sistematico dei generi italiani degli insetti ditteri [part]". Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna 1844. 2 (2): 443–459.

[Rondani1856-4] Rondani, Camillo (1856). Dipterologiae Italicae Prodromus. Vol: I. Genera italica ordinis Dipterorum ordinatim disposita et distincta et in familias et stirpes aggregata. Parmae [= Parma].: A. Stocchi. pp. 226 + [2]. Retrieved 17 October 2020.

[Schiner1864-5] Schiner, I.R. (1864). Catalogus systematicus dipterorum Europae. Vindobonae [=Vienna]: Societatis zoologico-botanicae. pp. xii + 115 pp. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

[Scudder1882-6] Scudder, S. H. (1882). "Nomenclator zoologicus. Part 1. Supplemental list of genera in zoology". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 19 (1): xxi + 367. Retrieved 15 June 2017.

[Bezzi-7] Bezzi, Mario (1906). "Noch einige neue Namen fur Dipterengattungen". Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie. 6: 49–55. Retrieved 5 December 2020.

[Malloch1932-8] Malloch, John Russell (1932). "Notes on exotic Diptera (2)". Stylops. 1: 112–126.

[Neave1940-9] Neave, S.A. (1940). Nomenclator zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the end of 1935. In four volumes. Q-Z and Supplement. Vol. IV. Zoological Society of London. pp. 1–758.

[VanVeen-10] Van Veen, M. P. (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (hardback). Utrecht: KNNV Publishing. p. 145. ISBN 90-5011-199-8.

[11] Vockeroth, J.R. (1987). Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Volume 2 (PDF). Canada: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. p. 668. ISBN 0-660-12125-5.

[12] Rotheray, G.E. (1993). "Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe" (PDF). Diperists Digest. 9: 155.

[Doesburg1955-13] Doesburg, P.H. van (1955). "Two new Pogonosyrphus and one new Milesia from Belgian Congo (Diptera, Syrphidae)". Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines. 51: 81–84.

[Hippa1990-14] Hippa, H. (1990). "The genus Milesia Latreille (Diptera, Syrphidae)". Acta Zoologica Fennica. 187: 1–226.

[vanVollenhoven1863-15] Snellen van Vollenhoven, S.C. (1863). "Beschrijving van eenige nieuwe soorten van Diptera". Versl. Meded. K. Akad. Wet. Amst. 15: 8–18.

[Séguy1948-16] Séguy, E. (1948). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus d'extreme-Orient". Notes Ent. Chin. 12 (14): 153–172. Retrieved 2 August 2021.

[Kertesz1901-17] Kertesz, Kálmán (1901). "Neue und bekannte Dipteren in der Sammlung des Ungarischen National-Museums". Természetrajzi Füzetek. 24: 403–4321 pl. Retrieved 28 September 2015.

[Townsend1897-18] Townsend, C.H.T. (1897). "Contributions from the New Mexico Biological Station. No. IV. Diptera from the Sacramento and the White Mountains, in southern New Mexico. I." Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 19 (6): 138–149. doi:10.1080/00222939708680518. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

[Osten_Sacken1882-19] Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1882). "Diptera from the Philippine Islands brought home by Dr. Carl Semper, and described by C.R. Osten Sacken". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 26: 83–252.

[Hervé-Bazin1923-20] Hervé-Bazin, J. (1923). "Diagnoses de Syrphides [Dipt.] nouveaux du Laos (Indo-Chine francaise)". Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France. 1923: 25–28.

[Walker1859-21] Walker, Francis (1859). "Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Makessar in Celebes, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. London: The Linnean Society. 4 (14): 97–144. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1859.tb00187.x.

[Curran1928-22] Curran, C. H. (1928). "The Syrphidae of the Malay Peninsula". Journal of the Federal Malay States Museums. 14: 141–324.

[Matsumura1916-23] Matsumura, Shonen (1916). Thousand insects of Japan. Additamenta Vol. 2 (Diptera). Tokyo: Keisei-sha. pp. 185–474 + [4], pls. 16–25.

[Brunetti13-24] Brunetti, E. (1913). "New and interesting Diptera from the eastern Himalayas". Rec. Indian Mus. 9: 255–277.

[Speiser1911-25] Speiser, P. (1911). "Zur Kenntnis aussereuropäische r Dipteren". Jahrbücher des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde. 64: 237–261. Retrieved 16 August 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[Bigot1876-26] Bigot, J.M.F. (1876). "6. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 4 partie, V: Asilides exotiques nouveaux; 5 partie, VI: espèces exotiques nouvelles des genres Sphixea (Rondani) et Volucella (auctorum); 5 partie, VII: espèces nouvelles du genre Cyphomyia". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 5 (5): 469–482. Retrieved 16 August 2021.

[Bigot1875-27] Bigot, J.M.F. (1875). "6. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 4 partie, V: Asilides exotiques nouveaux; 5 partie, VI: espèces exotiques nouvelles des genres Sphixea (Rondani) et Volucella (auctorum); 5 partie, VII: espèces nouvelles du genre Cyphomyia". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 5 (5): 469–482. Retrieved 16 August 2021.

[Curran1931-28] Curran, C.H. (1931). "Records and descriptions of Syrphidae from North Borneo including Mt. Kinabalu". Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums. 16: 333–376.

[Macquart1848-29] Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1848). "Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Suite du 2.me supplement. [=Suppl. 3] (2)". Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Agric. Arts, Lille. 1847 (2): 161–237, 7 pls.

[Wiedemann1824-30] Wiedemann, Christian Rudolph Wilhelm (1824). Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus Analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniens: maxime congesta profert iconibusque illustrat. Kiliae,eregio typoguapheo scholarum. pp. 1–60. Retrieved 11 May 2020.

[ChangYang1993-31] Chang, X.; Yang, C.K. (1993). "New species and new records of Milesiinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Guizhou, China". Entomotaxonomia. 15 (327–332).

[Fluke1939-32] Fluke, C.L., Jr. (1939). "New Syrphidae (Diptera) from Central and North America". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 32 (2): 365–375, 1 p. doi:10.1093/aesa/32.2.365.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[HeChu1994-33] He, J.L.; Chu, X.P. (1994). "A new species of Milesia from Wuyi Shan, China (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Wuyi Sci. J (in Chinese). 11: 103–105.

[Shiraki1930-34] Shiraki, T. (1930). "Die Syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete". Mem. Fac. Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 1: xx + 446 pp.

[Williston1892-35] Williston, S.W. . (1892). "Fam. Syrphidae". Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia-Insecta-Diptera. 3: 73–78. Retrieved 16 August 2021.

[Hull1924-36] Hull, Frank Montgomery (1924). "Milesia in North America (Dipt.: Syrphidae)". Entomological News. 35: 280–282. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

[Meijere1904-37] Meijere, J.C.H. de. "Neue und bekannte Sud-Asiatische Dipteren" (PDF). Bijdr. Dierkd. 17/18: 83–118, pl. 8, fig. 22–23. Retrieved 23 February 2021.

[Villers1789-38] Villers, C.J. de (1789). Caroli Linnaei entomologia ... Vol. 3. Lugduni [=Lyon].: Piestre & Delamolliere. pp. 657 pp., 4 pls.

[Brunetti1915-39] Brunetti, Enrico Adelelmo (1915). "Notes on Oriental Syrphidae, with descriptions of new species, Pt. II". Records of the Indian Museum. 11: 201–256, pl. 13. Retrieved 12 July 2021.

[Curran1925-40] Curran, C.H. (1925). "New exotic Diptera in the American Museum of Natural History" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (200): 10. Retrieved 16 August 2021.

[PeckHippa1988-41] Peck, L.V.; Hippa, H. (1988). "A new west Palaearctic species of Milesia (Diptera, Syrphidae) and its classification". Annales Entomologici Fennici. 54: 55–58.

[Brunetti1908-42] Brunetti, E. (1908). "Notes on oriental Syrphidae with descriptions of new species. Part I". Records of the Indian Museum. 2: 49–96. Retrieved 4 August 2021.

[Brunetti1923-43] Brunetti, Enrico Adelelmo (1923). Diptera. Pipunculidae, Syrphidae, Conopidae, Oestridae. In: [Shipley, A.E., ed.], Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. III. London: Taylor & Francis. pp. xii + 424 pp., 6 pls.

[Walker1857-44] Walker, Francis (1856). "Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in Singapore and Malacca by Mr. A.R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. The Linnean Society. 1: 4–39. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00943b.x.

[Drury1773-45] Drury, Dru (1773). Illustrations of natural history... Vol. 1, , 4 figs., [1770.04.23]; vol. 2, vii + 90 pp., 50 pls., and index to Vols. 1-2 (4 unnumbered pages). London: sold by White, Printed for the author. pp. xxviii + 130 pp. 50 pls.

[Walker1856-46] Walker, Francis (1856). "Catalogue of the Dipterous Insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology. 1 (3): 105–136. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1856.tb00964.x.