Moenkhausia

Moenkhausia is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae native to tropical and subtropical South America. These are medium-sized tetras where the largest species only reach around 12 cm (4.7 in).[1]

Moenkhausia
Moenkhausia lepidura
Moenkhausia pittieri
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Characidae
Subfamily: incertae sedis
Genus: Moenkhausia
C. H. Eigenmann, 1903
Type species
Tetragonopterus xinguensis
Steindachner, 1882
Synonyms

Gymnotichthys Fernández-Yépez, 1950
Opisthanodus Ahl, 1935

The diamond tetra and red-eye tetra, which are commonly kept in aquaria, are members of this genus.[2][3]

Species

There are currently 90 recognized species in this genus:

  • Moenkhausia abyss G. D. de Oliveira & Marinho, 2016 [4]
  • Moenkhausia affinis Steindachner, 1915
  • Moenkhausia agnesae Géry, 1965
  • Moenkhausia alesis Petrolli & Benine, 2015 [5]
  • Moenkhausia atahualpiana (Fowler, 1907)
  • Moenkhausia aurantia Bertaco, Jerep & F. R. de Carvalho, 2011 [6]
  • Moenkhausia australe C. H. Eigenmann, 1908 [7]
  • Moenkhausia barbouri C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia bellasomniosa Soares, Lima, Bastos & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2019 [8]
  • Moenkhausia bonita Benine, R. M. C. Castro & Sabino, 2004
  • Moenkhausia britskii Azevedo-Santos & Benine, 2016 [7]
  • Moenkhausia browni C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
  • Moenkhausia calliura (C. G. E. Ahl, 1931) [9]
  • Moenkhausia celibela Marinho & Langeani, 2010 [10]
  • Moenkhausia ceros C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia chlorophthalma L. M. de Sousa, Netto-Ferreira & Birindelli, 2010 [11]
  • Moenkhausia chrysargyrea (Günther, 1864)
  • Moenkhausia collettii (Steindachner, 1882)
  • Moenkhausia comma C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia conspicua I. M. Soares & Bührnheim, 2016 [12]
  • Moenkhausia copei (Steindachner, 1882)
  • Moenkhausia cosmops F. C. T. Lima, Britski & Machado, 2007
  • Moenkhausia costae (Steindachner, 1907)
  • Moenkhausia cotinho C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia crisnejas N. E. Pearson, 1929
  • Moenkhausia dasalmas Bertaco, Jerep & F. R. de Carvalho, 2011 [13]
  • Moenkhausia diamantina Benine, R. M. C. Castro & A. C. A. Santos, 2007
  • Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858)
  • Moenkhausia diktyota F. C. T. Lima & Toledo-Piza, 2001
  • Moenkhausia dorsinuda Zarske & Géry, 2002
  • Moenkhausia eigenmanni Géry, 1964
  • Moenkhausia eurystaenia Marinho, 2010 [14]
  • Moenkhausia forestii Benine, Mariguela & C. de Oliveira, 2009
  • Moenkhausia gracilima C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia grandisquamis (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1845)
  • Moenkhausia guaruba de Lima, Vita, Dutra, Ohara & Pastana, 2023[15]
  • Moenkhausia hasemani C. H. Eigenmann, 1917
  • Moenkhausia heikoi Géry & Zarske, 2004
  • Moenkhausia hemigrammoides Géry, 1965
  • Moenkhausia hysterosticta P. H. F. Lucinda, L. R. Malabarba & Benine, 2007
  • Moenkhausia icae C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia inrai Géry, 1992
  • Moenkhausia intermedia C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia ischyognatha Petrolli & Benine, 2015 [5]
  • Moenkhausia jamesi C. H. Eigenmann, 1908 [5]
  • Moenkhausia justae C. H. Eigenmann, 1908 [5]
  • Moenkhausia lata C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia latissima C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia lepidura (Kner, 1858) [9]
  • Moenkhausia levidorsa Benine, 2002
  • Moenkhausia lineomaculata D'Agosta, Marinho & Benine, 2015 [16]
  • Moenkhausia lopesi Britski & de Silimon, 2001
  • Moenkhausia loweae Géry, 1992
  • Moenkhausia margitae Zarske & Géry, 2001
  • Moenkhausia megalops (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
  • Moenkhausia melogramma C. H. Eigenmann, 1908
  • Moenkhausia metae C. H. Eigenmann, 1922
  • Moenkhausia miangi Steindachner, 1915
  • Moenkhausia mikia Marinho & Langeani, 2010 [17]
  • Moenkhausia moisae Géry, Planquette & Le Bail, 1995
  • Moenkhausia monicae Marinho, D'Agosta, Camelier & F. C. T. Lima, 2016 [18]
  • Moenkhausia mutum D'Agosta & Marinho, 2016 [19]
  • Moenkhausia naponis J. E. Böhlke, 1958
  • Moenkhausia newtoni Travassos, 1964
  • Moenkhausia nigromarginata W. J. E. M. Costa, 1994
  • Moenkhausia oligolepis (Günther, 1864)
  • Moenkhausia orteguasae Fowler, 1943
  • Moenkhausia ovalis (Günther, 1868)
  • Moenkhausia pankilopteryx Bertaco & P. H. F. Lucinda, 2006
  • Moenkhausia parecis Ohara & Marinho, 2016 [20]
  • Moenkhausia petymbuaba F. C. T. Lima & Birindelli, 2006
  • Moenkhausia phaeonota W. L. Fink, 1979
  • Moenkhausia pirauba Zanata, Birindelli & C. L. R. Moreira, 2010 [21]
  • Moenkhausia pittieri C. H. Eigenmann, 1920
  • Moenkhausia plumbea L. M. de Sousa, Netto-Ferreira & Birindelli, 2010 [11]
  • Moenkhausia pyrophthalma W. J. E. M. Costa, 1994
  • Moenkhausia robertsi Géry, 1964
  • Moenkhausia rubra Pastana & D'Agosta, 2014 [22]
  • Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae (Steindachner, 1907)
  • Moenkhausia schultzi Fernández-Yépez, 1950
  • Moenkhausia shideleri C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
  • Moenkhausia simulata (C. H. Eigenmann, 1924)
  • Moenkhausia sthenosthoma Petrolli & Benine, 2015 [5]
  • Moenkhausia surinamensis Géry, 1965
  • Moenkhausia takasei Géry, 1964
  • Moenkhausia tergimacula Z. M. S. de Lucena & C. A. S. de Lucena, 1999
  • Moenkhausia tridentata Holly, 1929
  • Moenkhausia uirapuru Ohara & F. C. T. Lima, 2015 [23]
  • Moenkhausia venerei Petrolli, Azevedo-Santos & Benine, 2016 [24]
  • Moenkhausia vittata (Castelnau, 1855) [25]
  • Moenkhausia xinguensis (Steindachner, 1882)

References
  1. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Moenkhausia in FishBase. March 2017 version.
  2. SeriouslyFish: Moenkhausia pittieri. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  3. SeriouslyFish: Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  4. Oliveira, G.D. & Marinho, M.M.F. (2016): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the rio Amazonas basin, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4093 (4): 566–574.
  5. Petrolli, M.G. & Benine, R.C. (2015): Description of three new species of Moenkhausia (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae) with the definition of the Moenkhausia jamesi species complex. Zootaxa, 3986 (4): 401–420.
  6. Bertaco, V.A., Jerep, F.C. & Carvalho, F.R. (2011): A new characid fish, Moenkhausia aurantia (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), from the upper rio Tocantins basin in Central Brazil. Zootaxa, 2934: 29-38.
  7. Azevedo-Santos, V.M. & Benine, R.C. (2016): A new species of Moenkhausia (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Içá River, Amazon Basin, northern Brazil. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 92 (2): 203–209.
  8. Soares, Isabel M.; Lima, Flávio C. T.; Bastos, Douglas A.; Py-Daniel, Lucia H. Rapp (2019-05-01). "A New Species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Upper Rio Negro Basin, Brazil". Copeia. 107 (2): 232–238. doi:10.1643/CI-18-149. ISSN 0045-8511. S2CID 155784981.
  9. Marinho, M.M.F. & Langeani, F. (2016): Reconciling more than 150 years of taxonomic confusion: the true identity of Moenkhausia lepidura, with a key to the species of the M. lepidura group (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 4107 (3): 338-352.
  10. Marinho, M.M.F. & Langeani, F. (2010): Moenkhausia celibela: a new species from the Amazon basin, Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Journal of Fish Biology, 77 (4): 879–889.
  11. Sousa, L.M., Netto-Ferreira, A.L. & Birindelli, J.L.O. (2010): Two new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Northern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 8 (2): 255-264.
  12. Soares, I.M. & Bührnheim, C.M. (2016): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Characiformes: Characidae) from Amazon basin, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4208 (4): 392-400.
  13. Bertaco, V.A., Jerep, F.C. & Carvalho, F.R. (2011): New species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the upper rio Tocantins basin in Central Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 9 (1): 57-63.
  14. Marinho, M.M.F. (2010): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Xingu basin, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 8 (3): 655-659.
  15. Lima, Arthur De; Vita, George; Dutra, Guilherme M.; Ohara, William M.; Pastana, Murilo N. L. (2023-08-17). "A new Moenkhausia (Characiformes: Characidae) from rio Braço Norte, rio Tapajós basin, with comments on the fish endemism of Serra do Cachimbo plateau". Zootaxa. 5330 (4): 586–596. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5330.4.6. ISSN 1175-5334. S2CID 260979542.
  16. Dagosta, F.C.P., Marinho, M.M.F. & Benine, R.C. (2015): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Juruena basin, Central Brazil. Zootaxa, 4032 (4): 417–425.
  17. Marinho, M.M.F. & Langeani, F. (2010): A new species of Moenkhausia from the rio Amazonas and rio Orinoco basins (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 2577: 57–68.
  18. Marinho, M.M.F., Dagosta, F.C.P., Camelier, P. & Lima, F.C.T. (2016): Description of a New Species of Moenkhausia (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Upper Rio Tapajós Basin, Brazil. Copeia, 104 (1): 243-249.
  19. Dagosta, F.C.P. & Marinho, M.M.F. (2016): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Arinos basin, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (2): e150052.
  20. Ohara, W.M. & Marinho, M.M.F. (2016): A new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Machado at Chapada dos Parecis, rio Madeira basin, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (1): e150041.
  21. Zanata, A.M., Birindelli, J.L.O. & Moreira, C.R. (2010): New species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from Rio Xingu and Rio Tapajós basins, Brazil, with comments on a putative case of polymorphic Batesian mimicry. Journal of Fish Biology, 75 (10): 2615–2628.
  22. Pastana, M.N.L. & Dagosta, F.C.P. (2014): Moenkhausia rubra, a new species from rio Juruena, upper rio Tapajós basin, Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 389-396.
  23. Ohara, W.M. & Lima, F.C.T. (2015): Moenkhausia uirapuru, a new species from the upper rio Guaporé, Chapada dos Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil (Teleostei: Characidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (2): 159-170.
  24. Petrolli, M.G., Azevedo-Santos, V.M. & Benine, R.C. (2016): Moenkhausia venerei (Characiformes: Characidae), a new species from the rio Araguaia, Central Brazil. Zootaxa, 4105 (2): 159–170.
  25. Silva, P.C. & Malabarba, L.R. (2016): Rediscovery of the holotype of Tetragonopterus vittatus Castelnau 1855, a senior synonym of Moenkhausia doceana (Steindachner 1887) (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 4132 (2): 269–271.
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