Mok language

Mok (/mɔ̀k/ ‘mountain people’[2]), also known as Amok,[3] Hsen-Hsum, and Muak, is an Angkuic language or dialect cluster spoken in Shan State, Myanmar[4]

Not to be confused with Mok language (Papua New Guinea).
Mok
RegionShan State, Myanmar and Thailand
Native speakers
4,700 (2018)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3mqt
Glottologmokk1243
ELPMok

7 speakers in Lampang province, Thailand were reported by Wurm & Hattori (1981).

Varieties

Hall & Devereux (2018) report that five varieties of Mok are spoken in Shan State, Myanmar, providing the following comparative vocabulary table.[4] These varieties have some lexical similarity (the lowest being 88%) with each other, but very low lexical similarity with the other Angkuic languages.[5]

GlossMok AMok BMok CMok DMok EMuak Sa-aakPa Xɛp UHu
die[jɛ́m][n̩jém][jám][jɛ́m][jɛ̂m]jâmjàpjám
weep[jàːm][jàːm][jàːm][jàːm][jàːm]jâːmjâmjàm
chicken[ʔèa][ʔeàː][ʔìa][ʔeàː][ʔeàː]ʔɛ̂ljɛ́-
silver, money[mûi][nèŋ][6][ŋə̀n][6][muí][p.sí muî]mûlmùnmm̥úl
fly (v.)[tʰə̀ːŋ][tʰiaŋ] / [pʰiaŋ][ntʰíaŋ][mpʰîang][ntʰîaŋ]pʰ.jûlmpʰə̀phɨ́ʁ
louse[síʔ] / [nsíʔ][síʔ] / [nsíʔ][nsíʔ][síʔ] / [nsíʔ][síʔ] / [nsíʔ]cʰíʔnchínsíʔ

Owen (2018) names these varieties Hwe Law, Chieng Kham, Pha Lam, Punglong, and Hwe Koi.[7]

A Mok dialect of Shan State has been documented by Shintani (2019).[8]

Geographic distribution

Tannumsaeng (2020)[5] describes three locations for Mok: between Mong Khet and Mong Yang and south of Kengtung in Myanmar, and on the Thai-Burmese border in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The main Mok-speaking areas in Shan State include an area just to the south of Kengtung, and another area situated between Mong Khet and Mong Yang.[2]

Phonology

Tannumsaeng (2020),[5] citing Hall & Devereux (2018), provides the following phonology for Mok.

The consonants are /pʰ p m f w tʰ t n s l r c ɲ j kʰ k ŋ ʔ h/, with reduced /m̩ n̩ ɲ̩ ŋ̩ pə tə kə sə/. /f/ and /r/ only appear in certain varieties. The vowels are /i e ɛ u ɯ o ɤ ɔ a/, with the diphthongs /ia ɯa ua/. Mok has two tones, one low and one high.

References and notes
  1. Mok at Ethnologue (24th ed., 2021) closed access
  2. Tannumsaeng, Phakawee. 2020. A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, with Special Focus on The Anaphoric Uses of tɤ́ʔ. M.A. dissertation. Chiang Mai: Payap University.
  3. OLAC Resources in and about the Mok Language, www.language-archives.org/language.php/mqt.
  4. Hall, Elizabeth and Shane Devereux (2018). Preliminary Mok Phonology and Implications for Angkuic Sound Change. Paper presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, held May 17-19, 2018 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
  5. Phakawee Tannumsaeng (2020). A Preliminary Grammar of Mok, Hwe Koi Variety, Chiang Rai, With Special Focus on the Anaphoric Use of tɤ́ʔ. Payap University.
  6. Tai loanword
  7. Owen, Robert Wyn. 2018. Initial findings from Mok KIQ and DMT. Unpublished manuscript.
  8. Shintani, Tadahiko. 2019. The Sen Tsum (I-Mok) language. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area (LSTCA) no. 121. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).

Further reading
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