Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale

The Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is a ten-item[1] diagnostic questionnaire which psychiatrists use to measure the severity of depressive episodes in patients with mood disorders. It was designed in 1979 by British and Swedish researchers (Marie Åsberg) as an adjunct to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) which would be more sensitive to the changes brought on by antidepressants and other forms of treatment than the Hamilton Scale was.[2] There is, however, a high degree of statistical correlation between scores on the two measures.[3]

Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale
Purposeseverity of depression

Interpretation

The questionnaire includes questions on ten symptoms:

  • Apparent sadness
  • Reported sadness
  • Inner tension
  • Reduced sleep
  • Reduced appetite
  • Concentration difficulties
  • Lassitude
  • Inability to feel
  • Pessimistic thoughts
  • Suicidal thoughts

Each item yields a score of 0 to 6; the overall score thus ranges from 0 to 60.[4] Higher MADRS score indicates more severe depression. Usual cutoff points are:

  • 0 to 6: normal[5] /symptom absent[4]
  • 7 to 19: mild depression[4][5]
  • 20 to 34: moderate depression[5]
  • 35 to 60: severe depression.[5]

MADRS-S

A self-rating version of this scale (MADRS-S) is often used in clinical practice and correlates reasonably well with expert ratings.[6] The MADRS-S instrument has nine questions, with an overall score ranging from 0 to 54 points.[7]

See also

References
  1. Williams, J. B. W.; Kobak, K. A. (2008). "Development and reliability of a structured interview guide for the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (SIGMA)" (PDF). The British Journal of Psychiatry. 192 (1): 52–58. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.032532. PMID 18174510.
  2. Montgomery SA, Asberg M (April 1979). "A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change". British Journal of Psychiatry. 134 (4): 382–89. doi:10.1192/bjp.134.4.382. PMID 444788. S2CID 22246215.
  3. Relationship Between the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale in Depressed Elderly: A Meta-analysis from the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
  4. Test: Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) in BioPsychoSocial Assessment Tools for the Elderly - Assessment Summary Sheet. The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. In turn citing:
  5. Herrmann, N.; Black, S. E.; Lawrence, J.; Szekely, C.; Szalai, J. P. (1998). "The Sunnybrook Stroke Study : A Prospective Study of Depressive Symptoms and Functional Outcome". Stroke. 29 (3): 618–624. doi:10.1161/01.STR.29.3.618. PMID 9506602.
  6. Cunningham, JL; et al. (2011). "Agreement between physicians' and patients' ratings on the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale". Journal of Affective Disorders. 135 (1–3): 148–53. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.07.005. PMID 21856017.
  7. Svanborg, P; Åsberg, M (2001). "A comparison between the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the self-rating version of the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)". Journal of Affective Disorders. 64 (2–3): 203–216. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00242-1. PMID 11313087.
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