Personification of Russia
The personification of Russia is traditionally feminine and most commonly maternal since medieval times.[1]
A cover of Sentry magazine, approx. 1932, depicting Russia as a woman in a traditional costume liberated by a warrior in medieval armor with a shield depicting the Tsarist flag, trampling the Bolshevik flag.
Most common terms for national personification of Russia are:
- Mother Russia (Russian: Матушка Россия, tr. Matushka Rossiya, "Mother Russia"; also, Россия-матушка, tr. Rossiya-matushka, "Russia the Mother", Мать-Россия, tr. Mat'-Rossiya, Матушка Русь, tr. Matushka Rus' , "Mother Rus' "),
- Homeland the Mother (Russian: Родина-мать, tr. Rodina-mat' ).
In the Russian language, the concept of motherland is rendered by two terms: "родина" (tr. rodina), literally, "place of birth" and "отчизна" (tr. otchizna), literally "fatherland".
Harald Haarmann and Orlando Figes see the goddess Mokosh a source of the "Mother Russia" concept.[2][3]
Usage
During the Soviet period, the Bolsheviks extensively utilized the image of "Motherland", especially during World War II.
1914 Russian poster depicting the Triple Entente – Britannia (right) and Marianne (left) in the company of Mother Russia.
"For the Motherland!" on a 1965 Soviet stamp. The literal translation is "Motherland calls!"
Statues
During the Soviet era, many statues depicting the Mother Motherland were built, most to commemorate the Great Patriotic War. These include:
- The Motherland Calls (Russian: Родина-мать зовёт, tr. Rodina-mat' zovyot), a colossal statue in Volgograd, Russia, commemorating the Battle of Stalingrad
- Mother Motherland (Ukrainian: Батьківщина-Мати, tr. Batʹkivshchyna-Maty, Russian: Родина-мать, tr. Rodina-mat' ), now called Mother Ukraine, is a monumental statue in Kyiv that is a part of the Museum of The History of Ukraine in World War II
- Mother Motherland (Saint Petersburg), a statue at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Mother Russia (Kaliningrad), a monument in Kaliningrad, Russia
- Mother Motherland Mourning over Her Perished Sons (Russian: Родина-мать, скорбящая о погибших сыновьях, tr. Rodina-mat', skorbyashchaya o pogibshikh synov'yakh), Minsk, Belarus commemorating the dead in Afghanistan
- Mother Motherland (Naberezhnye Chelny), a monument in Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia[4]
- Mother Motherland (Pavlovsk), a memorial complex, Pavlovsk, Voronezh Oblast, Russia[5]
- Motherland Monument (Matveev Kurgan)
References
- Рябов О. В. (1999). Русская философия женственности (XI—XX века). Иваново. pp. 35–46.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Harald Haarmann, The Soul of Mother Russia: Russian Symbols and Pre-Russian Cultural Identity, ReVision Archived 2016-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, June 22, 2000 (retrieved May 2, 2016)
- Figes, Orlando (2002). Natasha's Dance: a cultural history of Russia. New York: Metropolitan Books. p. 321. ISBN 9780805057836.
[...] the goddess known as Mokosh, from whom the myth of 'Mother Russia' was conceived.
- Казань. Храм на шести сотках — Ольга Юхновская."Не йог, не маг и не святой" — Российская Газета — Этот объект не включен в программу подготовки к казанскому миллениуму. Но его, без сомнений, будут показывать гостям города как редкую достопримечательность. Создатель множества памятников, художник из пригорода Казани Ильдар Ханов к тысячелетию столицы Татарстана строит на своем участке храм всех религий. В свое время творчество Ханова высоко оценил Святослав Рерих
- "Павловск (Воронежская область)". Archived from the original on 2011-01-24. Retrieved 2012-11-02.
Further reading
- Ellen Rutten, Unattainable Bride Russia: Gendering Nation, State, and Intelligentsia in Russian Intellectual Culture, 2010, ISBN 0810126567.
External links
Media related to Mother Russia at Wikimedia Commons
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