Mount Marcy
Mount Marcy (Mohawk: Tewawe’éstha[3]) is the highest point in the U.S. state of New York,[4] with an elevation of 5,343.1 feet (1,628.6 m).[1] It is located in the Town of Keene in Essex County. The mountain is in the heart of the Adirondack High Peaks region of the High Peaks Wilderness Area. Its stature and expansive views make it a popular destination for hikers, who crowd its summit in the summer months.
| Mount Marcy | |
|---|---|
 Mount Marcy (Photo taken from Mount Skylight, looking north) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 5,343 ft (1,629 m)[1] |
| Prominence | 4,914 ft (1,498 m)[2] |
| Listing | |
| Coordinates | 44°06′46″N 73°55′25″W[1] |
| Naming | |
| Etymology | Named for William L. Marcy |
| Native name |
|
| Geography | |
  Mount Marcy  Mount Marcy Mount Marcy (the United States) | |
| Parent range | Adirondack Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS Mount Marcy |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | August 8, 1837, by Ebenezer Emmons and party |
| Easiest route | Hike (Van Hoevenberg trail) |
Lake Tear of the Clouds, at the col between Mounts Marcy and Skylight, is often cited as the highest source of the Hudson River,[5] via Feldspar Brook and the Opalescent River, even though the main stem of the Opalescent River has as its source a higher point two miles north of Lake of the Clouds, and that stem is a mile longer than Feldspar Brook.
History
The mountain is known as Tewawe'éstha ("it pierces") in Mohawk and Tahawus ("cloud-splitter") in Algonquin.[6][7]
The mountain was named after Gov. William L. Marcy, the 19th-century Governor of New York, who authorized the environmental survey that explored the area. Its first recorded ascent was on August 5, 1837, by a large party led by Ebenezer Emmons looking for the source of the East Fork of the Hudson River.[8] Today the summit may be reached by multiple trails. Though a long hike by any route, a round-trip can be made in a day.
Vice President (and former governor) Theodore Roosevelt was at his hunting camp, Tahawus, on September 14, 1901, after summiting Marcy, when he was informed that President William McKinley, who had been shot a week earlier, had taken a turn for the worse. Roosevelt and his party hiked ten miles (16 km) down the southwest face of the mountain to Newcomb, New York, where he hired a stage coach to take him to the closest train station at North Creek. At some point along the route, Roosevelt learned that McKinley had died, and so the new president took the train to Buffalo to be sworn in. The route from Newcomb to North Creek has been designated as the Roosevelt-Marcy Trail.
Routes
Mount Marcy is the tallest of the High Peaks of the Adirondack Mountains. The majority of the mountain is forested, although the final few hundred feet is above the tree line. The peak is dominated by rocky outcrops, lichens, and alpine shrubs. There are two plaques at the top commemorating the centennial of the first dated climb as well as the mountain summit itself.
The shortest and most frequently used route up the mountain is from the northwest, the Van Hoevenberg Trail, which starts at the Adirondak Loj near Heart Lake. From there it is 7.4 miles (11.2 km) to the summit, a lengthy 14.8-mile (22.4 km) roundtrip which can nevertheless be done in a day.[9]
The summit via the Johns Brook Trail from the Garden parking north of the mountain in Keene Valley is an 18-mile (28.8 km) round trip, which may be broken at Johns Brook Lodge.[9]
A lengthier southern approach can be made from either of the two major trailheads for the southern High Peaks, Upper Works or Elk Lake.[9]
Visibility on the summit occasionally affords very distant views of most of the Monteregian Hills volcano chain in Quebec's St. Lawrence Valley as far north as Mont St. Hilaire. Views of Burlington, Vermont and Lake Champlain adorn the surrounding Green Mountains with visibility extending far beyond the Southern Adirondacks as well.
Climate
Mount Marcy has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) as defined by the Köppen climate classification system. Since 1981 at Mount Marcy (elevation 5,344 ft (1,629 m)), the highest air temperature was 85.7 °F (29.8 °C) on August 3, 1988, and the highest daily average mean dew point was 67.6 °F (19.8 °C) on August 1, 2006. Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was 4.95 inches (126 mm) on September 16, 1999. During the winter months, the average annual extreme minimum air temperature on Mount Marcy (elevation 5,344 ft (1,629 m)) is −32.4 °F (−35.8 °C).[10] Since 1981, the coldest air temperature was −36.0 °F (−37.8 °C) on January 27, 1994. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur with wind chill values below −49 °F (−45 °C). The average annual snowfall total (Sep-May) is about 200 inches (508 cm).
| Climate data for Mount Marcy 44.1195 N, 73.9197 W, Elevation: 4,642 ft (1,415 m) (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 18.1 (−7.7) |
19.6 (−6.9) |
26.8 (−2.9) |
42.2 (5.7) |
54.5 (12.5) |
63.0 (17.2) |
67.2 (19.6) |
66.0 (18.9) |
60.5 (15.8) |
47.9 (8.8) |
32.6 (0.3) |
23.4 (−4.8) |
43.5 (6.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 10.1 (−12.2) |
11.5 (−11.4) |
19.0 (−7.2) |
32.4 (0.2) |
44.9 (7.2) |
54.1 (12.3) |
58.7 (14.8) |
57.4 (14.1) |
51.5 (10.8) |
39.4 (4.1) |
26.1 (−3.3) |
16.5 (−8.6) |
35.1 (1.7) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 2.1 (−16.6) |
3.4 (−15.9) |
11.2 (−11.6) |
22.7 (−5.2) |
35.4 (1.9) |
45.1 (7.3) |
50.1 (10.1) |
48.8 (9.3) |
42.5 (5.8) |
30.9 (−0.6) |
19.7 (−6.8) |
9.7 (−12.4) |
26.8 (−2.9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 5.20 (132) |
4.01 (102) |
5.40 (137) |
6.52 (166) |
7.01 (178) |
7.68 (195) |
7.38 (187) |
7.13 (181) |
6.68 (170) |
7.71 (196) |
6.30 (160) |
6.16 (156) |
77.18 (1,960) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group[11] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Mount Marcy, 1981–2010 normals (elevation 4,537 ft (1,383 m)), 1981–2018 extremes (elevation 3,825 ft (1,166 m)) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 54.3 (12.4) |
55.0 (12.8) |
70.5 (21.4) |
80.8 (27.1) |
82.8 (28.2) |
84.2 (29.0) |
85.4 (29.7) |
85.7 (29.8) |
84.6 (29.2) |
74.6 (23.7) |
62.9 (17.2) |
57.1 (13.9) |
85.7 (29.8) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 17.0 (−8.3) |
20.0 (−6.7) |
29.6 (−1.3) |
44.6 (7.0) |
56.2 (13.4) |
64.7 (18.2) |
68.4 (20.2) |
67.3 (19.6) |
60.8 (16.0) |
49.3 (9.6) |
34.1 (1.2) |
21.8 (−5.7) |
44.6 (7.0) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 9.2 (−12.7) |
12.3 (−10.9) |
20.5 (−6.4) |
34.0 (1.1) |
46.0 (7.8) |
54.7 (12.6) |
58.9 (14.9) |
57.8 (14.3) |
51.2 (10.7) |
39.5 (4.2) |
26.7 (−2.9) |
14.8 (−9.6) |
35.6 (2.0) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 1.4 (−17.0) |
4.5 (−15.3) |
11.5 (−11.4) |
23.4 (−4.8) |
35.8 (2.1) |
44.7 (7.1) |
49.4 (9.7) |
48.3 (9.1) |
41.6 (5.3) |
29.6 (−1.3) |
19.3 (−7.1) |
7.9 (−13.4) |
26.6 (−3.0) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −36.0 (−37.8) |
−32.0 (−35.6) |
−28.7 (−33.7) |
−3.5 (−19.7) |
19.0 (−7.2) |
22.4 (−5.3) |
31.9 (−0.1) |
29.6 (−1.3) |
20.3 (−6.5) |
10.5 (−11.9) |
−14.4 (−25.8) |
−29.7 (−34.3) |
−36.0 (−37.8) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.76 (121) |
3.91 (99) |
4.87 (124) |
5.50 (140) |
6.41 (163) |
6.39 (162) |
6.91 (176) |
6.97 (177) |
6.76 (172) |
6.96 (177) |
6.43 (163) |
5.34 (136) |
71.21 (1,809) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85.8 | 81.8 | 69.5 | 61.6 | 65.5 | 74.3 | 77.8 | 78.6 | 79.9 | 74.0 | 78.5 | 88.0 | 76.3 |
| Average dew point °F (°C) | 5.8 (−14.6) |
7.8 (−13.4) |
12.1 (−11.1) |
22.2 (−5.4) |
35.1 (1.7) |
46.7 (8.2) |
52.0 (11.1) |
51.2 (10.7) |
45.2 (7.3) |
31.9 (−0.1) |
20.9 (−6.2) |
11.9 (−11.2) |
28.7 (−1.8) |
| Source: PRISM[12] | |||||||||||||
Ecology
According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. potential natural vegetation types, Mount Marcy would have a dominant vegetation type of Northeastern Spruce/Fir (96) with a dominant vegetation form of Northern Conifer Forest (22).[13] The plant hardiness zone on Mount Marcy (elevation 5,344 ft (1,629 m)) is 3b with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of −32.4 °F (−35.8 °C).[10] The spring bloom typically peaks around May 30 and fall color usually peaks around September 19.
Gallery
Mount Marcy (photo taken from Mount Haystack, looking across Panther Gorge)
Summit of Mount Marcy seen from near Mt.Skylight.
Mount Marcy summit
Mount Marcy Summit Panorama
The summit may be rather crowded on summer holiday weekends
See also
References
- "The NGS Data Sheet". National GeodeticSurvey’s Integrated Database. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
- "Mount Marcy". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2009-01-08.
- "Haudenosaunee Country in Mohawk". 4 February 2015.
- "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. April 29, 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
- "Natural History of the Hudson River". Hhr.highlands.com. Archived from the original on September 17, 2013. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
- "Indigenous Place Names in the Adirondacks and Champlain Valley". November 30, 2016.
- Neves, Liz (May 26, 2020). Northeast Medicinal Plants: Identify, Harvest, and Use 111 Wild Herbs for Health and Wellness. Timber Press. ISBN 9781643260273 – via Google Books.
- "First reported trek up Mount Marcy occurred 175 years ago".
- Davis, Andrea. "Mount Marcy Hiking Trail Guide: Map, Trail Descriptions, Pictures & More". hikingandfishing.com. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
- "USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map". United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
- "PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University". PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
To find the table data on the PRISM website, start by clicking Coordinates (under Location); copy Latitude and Longitude figures from top of table; click Zoom to location; click Precipitation, Minimum temp, Mean temp, Maximum temp; click 30-year normals, 1991-2020; click 800m; click Retrieve Time Series button.
- "PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University". Retrieved October 9, 2019.
- "U.S. Potential Natural Vegetation, Original Kuchler Types, v2.0 (Spatially Adjusted to Correct Geometric Distortions)". Retrieved October 9, 2019.
External links
- Mount Marcy hike and trip report. June 2010.
