Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī

Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Sulayman ibn Samra ibn Jundab[1] al-Fazari (Arabic: محمد بن إبراهيم بن حبيب بن سليمان بن سمرة بن جندب الفزاري) (died 796 or 806) was a Muslim Arab philosopher, mathematician and astronomer.[2][3][4]

Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Fazari
Died796 or 806
possibly Baghdad
Occupation(s)Philosopher, mathematician, astronomer
EraIslamic Golden Age

Biography

Al-Fazārī translated many scientific books into Arabic and Persian. He is credited to have built the first astrolabe in the Islamic world.[5] He died in 796 or 806, possibly in Baghdad.[6]

At the end of the 8th century, whilst at the court of the Abbasid Caliphate, al-Fazārī mentioned Ghana, "the land of gold."[7]

Works

Along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq, al-Fazārī helped translate the 7th century Indian astronomical text by Brahmagupta, the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, into Arabic as 'Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab,[8] or the Sindhind. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the mathematical methods of Indian astronomers were transmitted to Islam.[9]

The caliph ordered al-Fazārī to translate the Indian astronomical text, The Sindhind, along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq, which was completed in Baghdad about 750, and entitled Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab. This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numeral system (the modern number notation) was transmitted from India to Iran.

Al-Fazari composed various astronomical writings ("On the astrolabe", "On the armillary spheres", "on the calendar").

See also

References

  1. Samsó 2016.
  2. Suter 1900, p. 4.
  3. Sarton 1962, p. 524.
  4. Montgomery 2000, p. 81.
  5. Frye 2000, p. 163.
  6. Plofker, Kim. "Fazārī: Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al‐Fazārī". Islamic Scientific Manuscripts Initiative. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  7. Levtzion 1973, p. 3.
  8. Kennedy 1956, pp. 2, 7, 12.
  9. van Bladel 2015, p. 261.

Sources

Further reading

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