NGC 4214

NGC 4214 is a dwarf barred irregular galaxy located around 10 million light-years[2] away in the constellation Canes Venatici. NGC 4214 is a member of the M94 Group.

NGC 4214
Optical and near-infrared image, taken using the Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationCanes Venatici
Right ascension12h 15m 39.2s[1]
Declination+36° 19′ 37″[1]
Redshift291 ± 3 km/s[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)10.2[1]
Characteristics
TypeIAB(s)m[1]
Apparent size (V)8.4′ × 6.6′[1]
Other designations
NGC 4228, CGCG 187-32, IRAS 12131+3636, KUG 1213+366, MCG 6-27-42, UGC 7278,[1] PGC 39225[1]

Characteristics
Amateur image of NGC 4214.

NGC 4214 is both larger and brighter than the Small Magellanic Cloud[3] as well as a starburst galaxy, with the largest star-forming regions (NGC 4214-I and NGC 4214-II) in the galaxy's center. Of the two, NGC 4214-I contains a super star cluster rich in Wolf-Rayet stars and NGC 4214-II is younger (age less than 3 million years), including a number of star clusters and stellar associations.[4]

NGC 4214 also has two older super star clusters, both with an age of 200 million years and respective masses of 2.6*10.5 and 1.5*106 solar masses.[5]

Two satellites are known to exist around the vicinity of NGC 4214. One is DDO 113, which has an absolute V-band magnitude of −12.2. It stopped star formation around 1 billion years ago. Another, more recently discovered object is MADCASH-2, officially named MADCASH J121007+352635-dw. The name refers to the MADCASH (Magellanic Analog Dwarf Companions and Stellar Halos) project. It is similar to typical ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, with an absolute V-band magnitude of −9.15, except in that it shows evidence of multiple episodes of star formation in its recent past: one around 400 million years ago, and another 1.5 billion years ago.[6]

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 4214: SN 1954A (type Ib, mag. 9.8),[7] and SN 2010U (type LBV, mag. 15.7).[8][9]

See also

References
  1. "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4214. Retrieved 2007-03-30.
  2. "Galaxy NGC 4214: A star formation laboratory". ESA/Hubble Photo Release. ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  3. Karachentsev, Igor D.; Karachentseva, Valentina E.; Huchtmeier, Walter K.; Makarov, Dmitry I. (2003). "A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905.
  4. Ubeda, L.; Maíz-Apellániz, J.; MacKenty, J. W. (2004). H.J.G.L.M. Lamers; L.J. Smith; A. Nota (eds.). "Massive Young Star Clusters in NGC 4214". The Formation and Evolution of Massive Young Star Clusters, ASP Conference Series. 322: 221. Bibcode:2004ASPC..322..221U.
  5. Larsen, Søren S.; Brodie, Jean P.; Hunter, Deidre A. (2004). "Dynamical Mass Estimates for Five Young Massive Stellar Clusters". The Astronomical Journal. 128 (5): 2295–2305. arXiv:astro-ph/0407373. Bibcode:2004AJ....128.2295L. doi:10.1086/424538. S2CID 36220968.
  6. Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Mutlu-Pakdil, Burçin; Crnojević, Denija; Garling, Christopher T.; Karunakaran, Ananthan; Peter, Annika H. G.; Tollerud, Erik; Forbes, Duncan A.; Hargis, Jonathan R.; Lim, Sungsoon; Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Sand, David J.; Spekkens, Kristine; Strader, Jay (2021). "Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Two Faint Dwarf Satellites of Nearby LMC Analogs from MADCASH". The Astrophysical Journal. 909 (2): 211. arXiv:2012.09174. Bibcode:2021ApJ...909..211C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abe040. S2CID 229297953.
  7. Transient Name Server entry for SN 1954A. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
  8. Transient Name Server entry for SN 2010U. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  9. Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams No. 2163.


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