National Library of Korea

The National Library of Korea is located in the Seocho District of Seoul, South Korea. It was established in 1945.[1] It houses over 10 million volumes, including over 1,134,000 foreign books and some of the National Treasures of South Korea.

National Library of Korea
Library exterior in 2019
LocationBanpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South Korea, South Korea
TypeNational library
EstablishedOctober 15, 1945 (1945-10-15)
Reference to legal mandateStatutes of the Republic of Korea, Library Act, Article 18
Branches2
Collection
Size12,565,821
Legal depositYes (Library Act, Article 20)
Other information
DirectorSuh Hye Ran, Chief Executive
Websitewww.nl.go.kr
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationGungnip Jungang Doseogwan
McCune–ReischauerKungnip Chung'ang Tosŏgwan

History

Korea did not have a national modern library until the Korean Empire period. The first modern library on the peninsula was the Daehan Library, which was established in 1906 by Lee Keun-sang, Lee Beom-gu and Yun Chi-ho. However, it was not publicly accessible. Its 100,000 books were eventually confiscated by the government in 1911. The first library that allowed free public access (although it was still privately owned) was called Daedong Seogwan. It also printed its own books. However, the Japanese colonial government eventually limited access to printed materials, including newspapers, magazines, and books. It was then restricted to printing approved media and propaganda.[2]

The Korean National Library was established in October 1945 in Sogong-dong, Jung District, just after the liberation of Korea. Park Bong-seok created it by gathering materials from a number of libraries in the area. He also contributed to the development of a national library system in the South. In 1946, Park created a national library school to train librarians. He also continued consolidating materials from other Korean libraries.[2]

In 1948, a nationwide movement was formed called "One Country, One Library." Its goal was to establish more libraries and preserve materials in the various libraries in the country. They created a program to promote literacy in the Korean script Hangul, which had been variously discouraged or prohibited during the colonial period in favor of the Japanese script. Around this time, only 20% of Koreans could still read Korean.[2] The library joined the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions in 1955. Since then, the library has conducted various fundraising and educational events. In 1974, it relocated to Namsan-dong, and in 1988 it again relocated to its the present location at Banpo-dong, Seocho District.[2] In 1991, it was transferred from the Ministry of Education to the Ministry of Culture in 1991.

Description

As of November 2020, the library has 12,768,751 items total. 9,158,363 are domestic, 1,552,489 are foreign, 1,771,738 are non-book items, and 286,161 are old texts.[3]

The library also possesses an extensive digital collection, including archives of newspapers and primary sources related to Korean history and society. Many of these resources are freely available online, although some require paid or special permission to access.[4]

The library is served by Seoul Subway Lines 3, 7 and 9 which all connect at Express Bus terminal Station.

See also

References
  1. "국립중앙도서관". www.nl.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  2. Lee, Yong-jae; Jo, Jae-soon (August 2006). The modern history of the library movement and reading campaign in Korea (PDF). 72nd IFLA General Conference and Council. pp. 1–13. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
  3. "국립중앙도서관". www.nl.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  4. "국립중앙도서관". www.nl.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 5 March 2021.
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