National Treasure (Vietnam)

A National Treasure (Vietnamese: Bảo vật quốc gia) or a national precious object[1] is a tangible cultural heritage or object handed down from the past with historical, cultural or scientific value of exceptional significance to the country of Vietnam.[2] National treasures are deemed to be protected and preserved according to a special scheme by the Vietnamese Government. The government also earmark an adequate proportion of the State budget to purchase national treasure as well as investment in activities of protecting and promoting the values of these objects. The title national treasure is recognised by a decision from the Vietnamese Prime Minister after obtaining evaluation opinions of the National Council for Cultural Heritages.[3]

Hoang Ha bronze drum of Đông Sơn Culture (national treasure no. 2 – set 1)

History
The golden seal Sắc mệnh chi bảo (敕命之寶) of Nguyen Emperors (national treasure no. 23 – set 4)
The T-54B tank no. 843 (national treasure no. 28 – set 1) that ended Vietnam War by bursting through the gate of the Independence Palace on 30 April 1975

The term national treasure was first mentioned in various articles of the first Law on Cultural Heritage passed by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 29 June 2001.[2] However, there was not a clear definition or a set of criteria for determining a national treasure. In 2009, the Amendment of Law on Cultural Heritage Act presented a separate article specifically for the subject "national treasure". According to the Law, a national treasure of Vietnam have to meet all these requirements:[3]

  • "Being the unique original object;
  • "Being an object with a special form;
  • "Being an object of special value related to a great national event or to the career of a national hero or typical personality; or being a famous artistic work of ideological, humane or aesthetic value typical of a trend, style or era; or being a typical invented or created product of high practical value with the effect of promoting social development in a certain historical period; or being a natural specimen evidencing different formation and development periods of the earth's history and nature's history."
— National Assembly of Vietnam, Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the law on cultural heritages (2009), Article 41a

The Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism specified the order of and procedures for recognising a national treasure, then the decision of granting the title national treasure comes from the Prime Minister of Vietnam with the consultation of National Council for Cultural Heritages.[3] The first set of national treasure is officially designated in October 2012.[4] Up until 2023, 11 sets of national treasures (265 artifacts) had been designated in a series of decrees signed by the Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam on behalf of Prime Minister. The different combination of treasures into sets only depends on the chronological order of nominations submitted by owners of the treasures, not related to the category or value of the treasures themselves.[5][6] The quantities and designation dates of Vietnamese national treasures are:

Regulations
Bronze funerary artifacts found in boat grave of Viet Khe (national treasure no. 3 – set 2). The complete burial ensemble is one of few national treasures has been exhibited abroad for the first time, in Germany[18]

There are strict regulations related to obligation of the Vietnamese State and owners of national treasure regarding ownership, protection and exhibition abroad. National treasures shall be registered with competent state agencies in charge of culture. Government agencies which have information on registered national treasures must kept confidential at owner's request, provide with professional guidance on, and create conditions for protecting and promoting the values of treasures. When transferring the ownership of national treasures, their owners shall notify competent government agencies of new owners of these objects within 15 days after the transfer.[3]

In 2016, under Decision No. 23/2016/QD-TTg, issued by the Prime Minister of Vietnam, items formally designated as national treasures can only be transported abroad under one of these circumstances:

  • "To serve state-level diplomatic activities of the Party General Secretary, the President, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly Chairperson.
  • "To promote the history, culture, land and people of Vietnam under special international cooperation programs.
  • "To implement international cooperation plans on research and preservation of national treasures."[19]

Transport of the treasures abroad for display, exhibition, research or preservation must adhere to article 44 of the Law on Cultural Heritage, which requires the following conditions:

  • "Getting insured by recipients of vestiges, antiques and national precious object
  • "Obtaining the Prime Minister's decisions permitting the bringing of national treasure abroad; or the Culture Minister's decisions permitting the bringing of vestiges and antiques abroad."[19][20]

List

Set 1

The first set of 30 national treasure was designated on 1 October 2012 by Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Thien Nhan.[21]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Ngọc Lũ bronze drum c. 2500–2000 Before Present
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
2 Hoàng Hạ bronze drum c. 2500–2000 BP
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
3 Đào Thịnh bronze jar c. 2500–2000 BP
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
4 The bronze statue of a piggybacking and panpipe-playing couple c. 2500–2000 BP
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
5 The bronze lamp shaped as a kneeling man c. 2000–1700 BP
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
6 Cảnh Thịnh bronze drum 1800
(Tây Sơn dynasty)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
7 Official bronze seal Môn Hạ Sảnh ấn 1377
(Trần dynasty)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
8 Blue and white ceramic jar with swan patterns 15th century
(Lê dynasty)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
9 Revolutionary Road (book) 1927
Work of Ho Chi Minh		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
10 Prison Diary (book) 1942–1943
Work of Ho Chi Minh		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
11 A draft of the Call on the whole nation to carry out the resistance war 1946
Handwritten draft of Ho Chi Minh		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
12 A draft of the Call on fellow citizens and soldier of whole nation 17 July 1966
Handwritten draft of Ho Chi Minh's speech on the Voice of Vietnam		 Ho Chi Minh Museum Hanoi
13 President Ho Chi Minh's Testament 10 May 1965–19 May 1969
Original handwritten version		 Archive Department of Central Committee Party Office Hanoi
14 Đồng Dương Buddhist statue 8th–19th century
(Champa culture)		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History Ho Chi Minh City
15 Devi Goddess statue of Hương Quế 10th century
(Champa culture)		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History Ho Chi Minh City
16 Vishnu statue 3rd–5th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History Ho Chi Minh City
17 Lợi Mỹ Buddha Statue 4th–6th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History Ho Chi Minh City
18 God Surya statue 6th–7th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History Ho Chi Minh City
19 Tara Bodhisattva statue 9th–early 10th century
(Champa culture)		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
20 Mỹ Sơn E1 altar 7th century
(Champa culture)		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
21 Trà Kiệu altar 7th–8th century
(Champa culture)		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
22 Amitabha Buddha Statue 11th century
(Lý dynasty)		 Phật Tích Temple Tiên Du District, Bắc Ninh Province
23 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands c. 1656
(Revival Lê dynasty)		 Bút Tháp Temple Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
24 The set of nine holy bronze cannons 1803–1804
(Nguyễn dynasty)		 Huế Monuments Conservation Centre Imperial City of Huế, Huế
25 The Nine Tripod Cauldrons Nguyễn dynasty Huế Monuments Conservation Centre Imperial City of Huế, Huế
26 The 37mm anti-aircraft gun 1954
(Battle of Dien Bien Phu)		 Air Defence and Air Force Museum Hanoi
27 The MiG 21 F96 aircraft no. 5121 1972
(Operation Linebacker II)		 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi
28 Ho Chi Minh Campaign notebook 25 April–1 May 1975
(Ho Chi Minh Campaign)		 Museum of Military Zone 7 Ho Chi Minh City
29 The T-54 tank no. 843 30 April 1975
(Liberation of Saigon)		 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi
30 The T-59 tank no. 390 30 April 1975
(Liberation of Saigon)		 Museum of Tank Armour Force Hanoi

Set 2

The second set of 37 national treasures was designated on 30 December 2013 by Decision No. 2599/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vũ Đức Đam.[22]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Hung Temple bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Hùng Temple Việt Trì, Phú Thọ Province
2 Cam Giang I bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Thanh Hóa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
3 Viet Khe boat grave Đông Sơn culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
4 Hop Minh bronze jar Đông Sơn culture Yên Bái Provincial Museum Yên Bái
5 The copper belt buckle Đông Sơn culture Hùng Temple Việt Trì, Phú Thọ Province
6 Nui Nua Short sword Đông Sơn culture Thanh Hóa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
7 Xa Loi Thap Minh stele 601
Sui dynasty		 Bắc Ninh Provincial Museum Bắc Ninh
8 Bao Ninh Sung Phuc temple stele Lý dynasty Bao Ninh Sung Phuc Buddhist temple Chiêm Hóa District, Tuyên Quang Province
9 Sùng Thiện Diên Linh stele
大 越 國 李 家 第 四 帝 崇 善 延 齡 塔 碑		 Lý dynasty Long Doi Son Buddhist temple Duy Tiên District, Tuyên Quang Province
10 Sung Khanh temple stele Trần dynasty Sung Khanh Buddhist temple Vị Xuyên District, Hà Giang Province
11 Vinh Lang stele Lê dynasty Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hóa Province
12 The bell of Binh Lam Temple Trần dynasty Binh Lam Buddhist temple Vị Xuyên District, Hà Giang Province
13 The bell of Van Ban Temple Trần dynasty National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
14 The grand bell of Thien Mu Temple Nguyễn lords era Thien Mu Buddhist temple Huế
15 Stone Dragon (or Snake Deity statue) Lý dynasty Lê Văn Thịnh Temple Gia Bình District, Bắc Ninh Province
16 Amitabha Buddha Statue Lý dynasty Ngô Xa Buddhist Temple Ý Yên District, Nam Định Province
17 Quan Âm of Hoi Ha pagoda statue Lê dynasty Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
18 Three statues of Buddhas in the three times Lê dynasty Linh Ung Buddhist temple Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
19 Statue of Queen Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trúc Revival Lê dynasty Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
20 Set of ceramic lamp base and incense burner Mạc dynasty Nam Định Provincial Museum Nam Định
21 Bronze cauldron Revival Lê dynasty Thanh Hóa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
22 Three Cannons Bảo quốc an dân đại tướng quân Nguyễn dynasty Hà Tĩnh Provincial Museum Hà Tĩnh
23 Vo Canh stele Champa culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
24 Statue of Avalokitesvara Hoài Nhơn Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
25 Statue of Avalokitesvara Đại Hữu Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
26 Animal figure of Dốc Chùa Đồng Nai culture (1,000 BC – 0) Bình Dương Provincial Museum Thủ Dầu Một
27 Buddha statue of Bình Hòa Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
28 Buddha statue of Sa Đéc Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
29 Vishnu statue Óc Eo Culture Đồng Tháp Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
30 Vishnu statue Óc Eo Culture Long An Provincial Museum Tân An
31 Durga Goddess statue Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
32 Avalokitesvara statue Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
33 Collection of golden artifacts Óc Eo Culture Long An Provincial Museum Tân An
34 Vườn Xuân Trung Nam Bắc
Painting "Spring garden of Central-South-North (of Viet Nam)"		 1969–1989
Artist Nguyễn Gia Trí		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts Ho Chi Minh City
35 Hai thiếu nữ và em bé
Painting "Two young girls and a kid"		 1944
Artist Tô Ngọc Vân		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
36 Em Thúy
Painting "Little Sister Thuy"		 1943
Artist Trần Văn Cẩn		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
37 Kết nạp Đảng ở Điện Biên Phủ
Painting "Granting Party membership in Dien Bien Phu"		 1956
Artist Nguyễn Sáng		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi

Set 3

The third set of 12 national treasure was designated on 14 January 2015 by Decision No. 53/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[23]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Huu Chung bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Hải Dương Provincial Museum Hải Dương
2 Thanh Mai bronze bell 798
Tang dynasty		 Ha Noi City Museum Hanoi
3 Stone stele records of imperial examinations of the Lê and Mạc dynasties 1484–1780 Văn Miếu Hanoi
4 Khôn Nguyên Chí Đức Chi Bi stele
坤元至德之碑		 1498 Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hóa Province
5 Thủy Môn Đình stele
體存碑記		 1670 Lạng Sơn Provincial Museum Lạng Sơn
6 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands 16th century Dao Xuyen Buddhist Temple Gia Lâm District, Hanoi
7 Set of Amitābha, Mahāsthāmaprāpta and Avalokiteśvara statues
阿彌陀三尊		 17th century Thay Buddhist temple Quốc Oai District, Hanoi
8 Collection of Buddhist statues at Tay Phuong temple Tây Sơn dynasty Tay Phuong Buddhist temple Thạch Thất District, Hanoi
9 Ekamukhalinga/Linga with Shiva head 8th century Mỹ Sơn sacred site Duy Xuyên District, Quảng Nam Province
10 Stone Stairway Railing 12th century Nam Định Provincial Museum Nam Định
11 The MiG-21 aircraft no. 4324 Operation Rolling Thunder 1965–1968 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi
12 Ho Chi Minh Campaign Determination Map Ho Chi Minh Campaign 1975 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi

Set 4

The fourth set of 25 national treasure was designated on 23 December 2015 by Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[10]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Co Loa bronze drum and collection of ploughshare Đông Sơn culture Ha Noi City Museum Hanoi
2 The pair of Lô Lô bronze drum 5th century CE Hà Giang Provincial Museum Hà Giang
3 Buddhist sutra inscripted pillar 995 CE Nhat Tru Temple Hoa Lư District, Ninh Bình Province
4 Statue of Vishnu 6th century CE Đồng Tháp Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
5 Statue of Lakshmi 7th century CE Bạc Liêu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
6 Statue of Lakshmi 7th century CE Đồng Tháp Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
7 Head of Shiva statue Early 10th century CE Quảng Nam Provincial Museum Tam Kỳ
8 Statue of Sadashiva 12th century CE Bạc Liêu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
9 Head of Shiva statue 12th century CE Bạc Liêu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
10 Statue of Trấn Vũ 1802 CE Tran Vu Temple Long Biên District, Hanoi
11 Vân Trạch Hòa altar 9th or 10th century CE Thừa Thiên Hue Provincial Museum Huế
12 Relief of Goddess Mahishasuramardini Early 12th century CE Bình Định Provincial Museum Quy Nhơn
13 Stone altar of Kham Lang 1432 CE Kham Lang Buddhist temple Lục Nam District, Bắc Giang Province
14 Relief of Lac Long Quan and characters of Hồng Bàng period c. late 19th – early 20th century CE Noi temple (or Lac Long Quan temple) Thanh Oai District, Hanoi
15 Terracotta house model Trần dynasty Nam Định Provincial Museum Nam Định
16 Thanh Hư Động stele
清虛洞碑		 Long Khánh era c. 1372–1377 Côn Sơn Buddhist temple Chí Linh
17 Nam Giao stele
南郊殿碑		 1679 CE National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
18 Khiêm Cung Ký stele
謙恭記碑		 1875 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Tomb of Tự Đức, Huế
19 Collection of 10 cylindrical cauldrons of Nguyễn Lords 1659–1684 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Huế Museum of Royal Fine Arts and Imperial City, Hue
20 Lotus-shaped nine-storey prayer wheel (Cửu Phẩm Liên Hoa) 17th century CE Giam Buddhist temple Cẩm Giàng District, Hải Dương Province
21 Porcelain lamp base 1582 (5th year of Diên Thành) Hanoi Museum Hanoi
22 Bát Tràng porcelain religious palanquin (long đình) 17th century CE Hanoi Museum Hanoi
23 The golden seal Sắc mệnh chi bảo
敕命之寶		 1827 (8th year of Minh Mệnh) National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
24 The imperial throne of Nguyễn Emperors 1802 CE (1st year of Gia Long) Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Hall of Supreme Harmony, Imperial City, Hue
25 Nguyễn Emperors' robe for Heavenly Sacrifice Ritual (龍袞) 1802 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Huế Museum of Royal Fine Arts, Imperial City of Hue

Set 5

The fifth set of 14 national treasure was designated on 22 December 2016 by Decision No. 2496/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[11]

1 Lingam crystal figurine 5th – 6th century CE Trà Vinh Provincial Museum Trà Vinh
2 Relief of Tra Lien 1 late 9th century CE Quảng Trị Provincial Museum Đông Hà
3 Relief of Tra Lien 2 late 9th century CE Quảng Trị Provincial Museum Đông Hà
4 Relief of Brahma 12th – 13th century CE Bình Định Provincial Museum Quy Nhơn
5 Jar with glazed brown pattern 13th-14th century CE
(Trần dynasty)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
6 Thanh Mai Viên Thông tháp bi stele
青梅圓通塔碑		 1362 CE Thanh Mai Buddhist temple Chí Linh
7 Lê Thái Tổ's stele 1431 CE Lê Thái Tổ temple Nậm Nhùn District, Lai Châu Province
8 Đại Việt Lam Sơn Chiêu Lăng bi stele
(Lê Thánh Tông's tomb stele)
大越藍山昭陵碑		 late 15th century CE Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hóa Province
9 Da Quan pair of bells 1611 CE
(Mạc dynasty)		 Đà Quận Buddhist temple Cao Bằng
10 Two statues of Zen masters Vu Khac Minh
and Vu Khac Truong		 mid 17th century CE Đậu Buddhist temple Thường Tín District, Hanoi
11 Bronze statue of Trấn Vũ late 17th – early 18th century CE Quán Thánh Taoist Temple Ba Đình District, Hanoi
12 Lotus-shaped nine-storey prayer wheel
(Cửu Phẩm Liên Hoa)		 1692 CE Dong Ngô Buddhist temple Thanh Hà District, Hải Dương Province
13 The golden seal Đại Việt quốc Nguyễn chúa vĩnh trấn chi bảo
大越國阮主永鎭之寶		 1709 CE
(5th year of Vĩnh Thịnh)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
14 The Executive Orders collection by Chairman of Provisional Government
of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1945–1946)		 30 August 1945 – 28 February 1946 National Archives Center III, State Records and Archives Department of Vietnam Hanoi

Set 6

The sixth set of 24 national treasures was designated on 25 December 2017 by Decision No. 2089/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[12]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Dagger with handle of snake and elephant figurine c. 2500–2000 Before Present Nghệ An Provincial Museum Vinh
2 Ladle with elephant figurine handle c. 2500–2000 Before Present Nghệ An Provincial Museum Vinh
3 Loc Hoa lithophone c. 3000 Before Present Bình Phước Provincial Museum Đồng Xoài
4 Nhon Thanh casting mold 1th – 7th century CE Cần Thơ Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
5 Śarīra box of Nhan Pagoda 7th – 8th century CE Nghệ An Provincial Museum Vinh
6 Relief of Champa Buddha on Central Highland 6th – 7th century CE Gia Lai Provincial Museum Pleiku
7 Vishnu statue of Go Thanh 1431 CE Tiền Giang Provincial Museum Mỹ Tho
8 The pair of Garuda killing snake statues mid 13th century CE Bình Định Provincial Museum Quy Nhơn
9 10 Holy animal statues of Phat Tich 11th century CE Phat Tich Buddhist temple Tiên Du District, Bắc Ninh Province
10 Four statues of Tứ Pháp Goddesses in Dâu-Luy Lâu historical region 18th century CE Dâu Buddhist temple
Phi Tướng Buddhist temple
Dàn Buddhist temple		 Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
11 Dragon engraved pillar of Dạm Buddhist temple 11th century CE Dạm Buddhist temple Bắc Ninh
12 Đại Việt Lam Sơn Dụ Lăng Bi stele
(Lê Hiến Tông's tomb stele)
大越藍山裕陵碑		 c.1504 Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hóa Province
13 Collection of cliff inscriptions in Kinh Chu Cave 14th century – early 20th century The Local Government of Kinh Môn District Kinh Môn District, Hải Dương Province
14 Côn Sơn Tư Phúc tự bi stele
崑山資福寺碑		 1607 CE Côn Sơn Buddhist temple Chí Linh
15 Inscribed stone box of Đồi Cốc 1549 CE Shrine of Giáp Hải Bắc Giang
16 Dragon figures engraved doors of Keo temple 17th century CE Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
17 A pair of dragon figures engraved stone beds 17th century CE Shrine of Emperor Đinh Tiên Hoàng Hoa Lư District, Ninh Bình Province
18 Woodblocks of Bổ Đà Buddhist temple mid 18th century – early 20th century Bo Da Buddhist temple Việt Yên District, Bắc Giang Province
19 Jade Heirloom Seal of the Realm of the Nguyễn dynasty
Đại Nam thụ thiên vĩnh mệnh truyền quốc tỷ
大 南 受 天 永 命 傳 國 璽		 1847
(The 7th year of Thiệu Trị)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
20 Lacquered folding screen named Thiếu nữ và phong cảnh
"Young ladies and garden landscape"		 1939
Artist Nguyễn Gia Trí		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
21 Bác Hồ ở Chiến khu Việt Bắc
Painting "Uncle Ho in Việt Bắc military zone"		 1980
Artist Dương Bích Liên		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
22 Gióng
Painting "Gióng"		 1990
Artist Nguyễn Tư Nghiêm		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
23 Thanh niên thành đồng
Painting "The Youth of the Bronze Fortress"		 1967–1978
Artist Nguyễn Sáng		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts Ho Chi Minh City
24 Naval cargo ship registration number HQ671 1962 Museum of the Vietnamese Navy Hải Phòng

Set 7

The seventh set of 22 national treasures was designated on 24 December 2018 by Decision No. 1821/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[24]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Đầu Rằm pottery jar c. 3400–3000 Before Present
(late Phùng Nguyên culture)		 Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
2 Long Thạnh collection of terracotta vases 3370 ± 40 Before Present
(pre-Sa Huỳnh culture)		 Quảng Ngãi Provincial Museum Quảng Ngãi
3 Statue of a Champa monk in Phu Hung 9th – 10th century CE Quảng Ngãi Provincial Museum Quảng Ngãi
4 Pha Long bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Lào Cai Provincial Museum Lào Cai
5 Wooden burial jar with a bronze drum as lid in Phu Chanh Bronze drum: 2nd century – 1st century BC
Wooden jar: 2.100 ± 40 Before Present		 Bình Dương Provincial Museum Thủ Dầu Một
6 Nhơn Thành Buddha statue 6th – 7th century CE Cần Thơ Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
7 Nhơn Thành pottery jar 5th century CE Cần Thơ Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
8 A set of stone Linga and Yoni 5th – 6th century CE An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
9 Giong Xoai Brahma statue 6th – 7th century CE An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
10 Vung Liem Vishnu statue 6th – 7th century CE Vĩnh Long Provincial Museum Vĩnh Long
11 Son Tho-Trà Vinh Buddha statue 6th – 7th century CE Ho Chi Minh City Museum Ho Chi Minh City
12 Duong Le Uma statue 9th – 10th century CE Quảng Trị Provincial Museum Đông Hà
13 Statue of Shiva at Linh Son temple 15th century CE Linh Son Buddhist temple Quy Nhơn
14 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands early 15th century CE Me So Buddhist temple Văn Giang District, Hưng Yên Province
15 Đồng Dương altar pedestal 9th – 10th century CE Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
16 Golden flower shaped box of Ngoa Van-Yen Tu 14th century CE Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
17 Sùng Thiên tự bi stele
崇天寺碑		 1331
(The 3rd year of Khai Hựu)		 Dâu (or Sùng Thiên) Buddhist temple Gia Lộc District, Hải Dương Province
18 Glazed ceramic pagoda of Trò temple 14th century CE Vĩnh Phúc Provincial Museum Vĩnh Yên
19 Bronze seal Tuần phủ Đô tướng quân
(Imperial Commissioner and Acting Army General seal)
奉 命 巡 撫 都 將 軍 印		 1515
(The 6th year of Hồng Thuận)		 Quảng Bình Provincial Museum Đồng Hới
20 Golden book Đế hệ thi
(Poem of the Royal Clan Names)
帝 系 詩 金 册		 1823
(The 4th year of Minh Mạng)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
21 Bronze printing molds of 5 Vietnam Dong credit notes 1947 Ho Chi Minh City Museum Ho Chi Minh City
22 International truck
assembled from various parts of Ford, Studebaker and Renault		 1949 Museum of Army Logistics Hanoi

Set 8

The eighth set of 27 national treasures was designated on 15 January 2020 by Decision No. 88/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[25]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Collection of precious stone objects
Nha chương (牙璋)		 c. 3500 Before Present
(Phùng Nguyên culture)		 Hùng Kings Museum Việt Trì
2 Quảng Chính bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
3 Trà Lộc bronze drum c. 2500 Before Present
(Đông Sơn culture)		 Quảng Trị Provincial Museum Đông Hà
4 Wooden Linga-Yoni of Nhơn Thành Óc Eo culture Cần Thơ Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
5 Wooden Buddha statue of Giồng Xoài 4th-6th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
6 Stone Buddha statue of Khánh Bình 6th-7th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
7 Stone lion statue of Hương Lãng temple late 11th-12th century Hương Lãng Buddhist temple Văn Lâm District, Hưng Yên Province
8 The pair of stone lions at Ba Tam temple 12th century Bà Tấm temple Gia Lâm District, Hanoi
9 The pair of Dharmapala statues at Nhan Son temple 12th-13th century Nhạn Sơn Buddhist temple An Nhơn, Bình Định Province
10 Statue of Au Co mother goddess 19th century Âu Cơ mother goddess temple Hạ Hòa District, Phú Thọ Province
11 Bell of Nhat Tao 10th century Nhật Tảo communal house Bắc Từ Liêm District, Hanoi
12 Cổ Việt thôn Diên Phúc tự bi minh stele
古越村延福寺碑銘		 Ly (1157) and Tran (1317) dynasties Cảnh Lâm Buddhist temple Yên Mỹ District, Hưng Yên Province
13 Cliff inscription of King Lê Thái Tổ 1431 CE People's Committee of Hoa An District Hòa An District, Cao Bằng Province
14 Đại Việt Lam Sơn Kính Lăng Bi stele
(Lê Túc Tông's tomb stele)
大越藍山敬陵碑		 1505 CE Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hóa Province
15 Sùng chỉ bi ký stele
崇址碑記		 1696 CE Hà Tông Mục temple Can Lộc District, Hà Tĩnh Province
16 Ngự kiến Thiên Mụ tự stele
御建天姥寺碑		 1715 CE Thiên Mụ Buddhist temple Huế
17 12 doctoral stelae of Bắc Ninh Confucian temple 1889 CE Bắc Ninh Confucian temple Bắc Ninh
18 The top part of Champa Linh Thái temple-tower 12th-13th century Thừa Thiên Hue Provincial Museum Huế
19 Bronze jar of Trần dynasty 13th-14th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
20 Multi-coloured glazed pottery pedestal dish Later Lê dynasty early period
c. 15th century		 Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
21 Wooden liturgical mini pavilion decorated with red paint and gold gilding 16th century Bà Tấm temple Gia Lâm District, Hanoi
22 Wooden mini throne with red paint and gold gilding 16th century Thái Bình Provincial Museum Thái Bình
23 Lintel above altar of Diềm communal house 17th century Diềm communal house Bắc Ninh
24 The ceremonial weapon at Đinh Tiên Hoàng temple 17th century Old Capital of Hoa Lư Historic Site Hoa Lư District, Ninh Bình Province
25 The ceremonial weapons at Lê Đại Hành temple 17th century Old Capital of Hoa Lư Historic Site Hoa Lư District, Ninh Bình Province
26 Long đao (blade) of Mạc dynasty 17th-18th century Mạc dynasty Memorial Historic Site Hải Phòng
27 Lương Tài hầu chi ấn seal
良才侯之印		 19th century Ho Chi Minh City Museum Ho Chi Minh City

Set 9

The ninth set of 24 national treasures was designated on 31 December 2020 by Decision No. 2283/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[15]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Collection of arrowhead moulds in Co Loa 3rd-2nd century BC
Đông Sơn culture		 Cổ Loa Historic Site Hanoi
2 Collection of weaving tools in Phu Chanh late 3rd-1st century BC Bình Dương Provincial Museum Thủ Dầu Một
3 Linga-Yoni of Linh Sơn 7st century An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
4 Gold jewelries collection of Trà Veo 3 and Lâm Thượng 10th-12th century Quảng Ngãi Provincial Museum Quảng Ngãi
5 Collection of lotus-shaped gold dishes in Cộng Vũ 11th-12th century State Treasury of Hưng Yên Province Hưng Yên
6 Kính Hoa bronze drum 4th-3rd century BC
Đông Sơn culture		 Private collection of Nguyễn Văn Kính Hanoi
7 Ganesha statue 7th-8th century
Champa culture		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
8 Gajasimha statue 12th century
Champa culture		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
9 Statue of a male deity 11th-12th century
(Óc Eo culture)		 Bạc Liêu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
10 Statue of the enlightened Emperor Trần Nhân Tông 17th century CE Huệ Quang Pagoda, Yên Tử Buddhist complex Uông Bí
11 Statue of Emperor Mạc Đăng Dung 16th century CE Trà Phương Buddhist temple Hải Phòng
12 Three statues of Buddhas in the three times of But Thap temple 17th century CE But Thap Temple Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
13 Relief of Sarasvati 12th century CE Bình Định Provincial Museum Quy Nhơn
14 Relief of King Po Rome 17th century CE Po Rome Tower Ninh Phước District, Ninh Thuận Province
15 Relief of the Grand empress dowager Vũ Thị Ngọc Toàn 16th century CE Trà Phương Buddhist temple Hải Phòng
16 Hòa Lai stele late 8th-early 9th century Ninh Thuận Provincial Museum Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm
17 Stairway Railing of Hương Lãng temple late 11th-early 12th century Hương Lãng Buddhist temple Văn Lâm District, Hưng Yên Province
18 Dragon handrail of Kính Thiên Palace 15th century Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long Hanoi
19 Brown glazed pot in shape of Kinnari 11th-12th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
20 White glazed pot in shape of lotus 11th-12th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
21 Brown glazed cylindrical jar 11th-12th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
22 Stone altar of But Thap temple 17th century CE But Thap Temple Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
23 Lotus-shaped nine-storey prayer wheel of But Thap temple
(Cửu Phẩm Liên Hoa)		 17th century CE But Thap Temple Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province
24 Lintel above altar of Thổ Hà communal house 17th century CE Thổ Hà communal house Việt Yên District, Bắc Giang Province

Set 10

The tenth set of 23 national treasures was designated on 25 December 2021 by Decision No. 2198/QĐ-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[16]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Gia Phú bronze drum Đông Sơn culture Lào Cai Provincial Museum Lào Cai
2 Đông Sơn culture bronze jar Đông Sơn culture Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
3 Giồng Lớn golden mask 1st century BC - 2nd century CE Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu Provincial Museum Vũng Tàu
4 Long Giao bronze axes collection 1st - 2nd century CE Đồng Nai Provincial Museum Biên Hòa
5 Relief of Buddhist of Linh Sơn Bắc 3rd - 4th century An Giang Provincial Museum An Giang
6 Nandi ring of Giồng Cát 5th century An Giang Provincial Museum An Giang
7 Vishnu statue of Bình Hòa 6th - 7th century Đồng Nai Provincial Museum Biên Hòa
8 Gò Thành elephant-carved gold leaves collection 6th - 8th century An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
9 Mỹ Sơn A10 altar 9th - 10th century A10 Temple, Mỹ Sơn sacred site Duy Xuyên District, Quảng Nam Province
10 Phoenix-carved bodhi leaf of terracotta 11th century Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long Hanoi
11 An Biên white glazed ceramic collection 11th - 12th century Trần Đình Thăng's private collection Haiphong
12 Relief of Dharmapala of Mả Chùa 12th century Bình Định Provincial Museum Quy Nhơn
13 An Sinh jar with glazed brown pattern 13th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
14 Trần dynasty brown glazed cylindrical jar Trần dynasty Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
15 Buddhist stone altar of Xuân Lũng pagoda 14th century Xuân Lũng Pagoda Lâm Thao District, Phú Thọ province
16 Two royal ceramic bowls of Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long 15th century Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long Hanoi
17 Multicoulour glazed pottery jar 15th century Quảng Ninh Provincial Museum Hạ Long
18 Terracotta pagoda of An Xá temple 16th - 17th century An Xá Temple Tiên Lữ District, Hưng Yên province
19 Tứ Kỳ Buddhist temple pillar-stele 17th century National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
20 Keo Buddhist temple pillar-stele 17th century Keo Pagoda Vũ Thư District, Thái Bình Province
21 The golden seal Hoàng đế Tôn thân chi bảo
皇帝尊親㞢寶		 1827 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
22 Woodblocks of book Enthusiastic Insights about Medical Practice
by Hải Thượng Lãn Ông
Hải Thượng y tông tâm lĩnh
海上醫宗心嶺		 1885 Bắc Ninh Provincial Museum Bắc Ninh
23 Collection of the emblem of Vietnam sketches 1953 - 1955
Artist Bùi Trang Chước		 National Archives Center III
State Records and Archives Department of Vietnam		 Hanoi

Set 11

The eleventh set of 27 national treasures was designated on 30 January 2023 by Decision No. 41/QĐ-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Trần Hồng Hà.[17]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 An Khê collection of Lower Paleolithic tools Lower Paleolithic
(c. 800.000 Before Present)		 Gia Lai Provincial Museum Pleiku
2 Tiên Nội I bronze drum Đông Sơn culture
(4th–3rd century BC)		 Hà Nam Provincial Museum Phủ Lý
3 Kính Hoa II bronze drum 2nd–1st century BC Private collection of Nguyễn Văn Kính Hanoi
4 Đông Sơn culture bronze jar Đông Sơn culture
(3rd–2nd century BC)		 Nam Hồng Royal Museum Từ Sơn
5 Kính Hoa bronze jar 3rd–2nd century BC Private collection of Nguyễn Văn Kính Hanoi
6 Collection of đàn đá of Bình Đa 3000 BP Đồng Nai Provincial Museum Biên Hòa
7 Mukhalinga of Ba Thê 6th century An Giang Provincial Museum Long Xuyên
8 The pair of stone elephants at Đồ Bàn Citadel late 7th century Emperor Citadel historic site An Nhơn District, Bình Định Province
9 Two celadon dishes Lý dynasty
(6th–7th century)		 Trần Đình Thăng's private collection Haiphong
10 Blue purple glazed ceramic dish Later Lê dynasty early period
(15th century)		 Trần Đình Thăng's private collection Haiphong
11 Trần dynasty dragon head Trần dynasty
(13th century)		 Thăng Long Heritage Conservation Center Hanoi
12 Giầu Pagoda stele (Ngô gia thị bi) Trần dynasty
(9th year of Đại Trị – 1366)		 Giầu pagoda Phủ Lý
13 Tĩnh Lự Pagoda stone stele Revival Lê dynasty
(6th year of Phúc Thái – 1648)		 Tĩnh Lự Pagoda Gia Bình District, Bắc Ninh Province
14 The bell of Rối Pagoda late 14th century Hà Tĩnh Provincial Museum Hà Tĩnh
15 Blue and white ceramic incense burner Lê dynasty
(15th century)		 Trần Đình Thăng's private collection Haiphong
16 Quan Âm statue of Cung Kiệm Pagoda Later Lê dynasty early period
(7th year of Thái Hoà – 1449)		 Cung Kiệm Pagoda Quế Võ District, Bắc Ninh Province
17 Collection of royal blue and white ceramic bowls and dishes in the later Lê dynasty early period Later Lê dynasty early period
(15th–early 16th century)		 Thăng Long Heritage Conservation Center Hanoi
18 Weapon collection of Trường Giảng Võ 15th–18th century Hanoi Museum Hanoi
19 Terracotta altar of An Xá Temple c. 16th century An Xá Temple Tiên Lữ District, Hưng Yên province
20 Two bronze agarwood burning towers, nghê statue lids 16th–17th century Trần Đình Thăng's private collection Haiphong
21 Dragon handrail of Kính Thiên Palace 17th century Thăng Long Heritage Conservation Center Hanoi
22 Set of three Patriarchs of the Trúc Lâm Zen sect statues of Phổ Minh Temple 17th century Phổ Minh Temple Nam Định
23 The Revival Lê dynasty cannon Revival Lê dynasty
(17th century)		 Thăng Long Heritage Conservation Center Hanoi
24 Golden book of elevation for the Empress Dowager of the Nation Revival Lê dynasty
(57th year of Cảnh Hưng – 1796)		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
25 An Dương Vương statue Nguyễn dynasty
(1897)		 Cổ Loa Historic Site - Thăng Long Heritage Conservation Center Đông Anh District, Hanoi
26 Chân dung Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh
Statue "Portrait of President Hồ Chí Minh"		 1946
Artist Nguyễn Thị Kim		 Vietnam National Museum of History Hanoi
27 The T-59 tank No. 377 Battle of Kontum
(1972)		 People's Committee of Đăk Tô District, Kon Tum Province Đăk Tô District, Kon Tum Province

See also

References
  1. National Assembly of Vietnam (2001), Law on Cultural Heritage (No. 28/2001/QH10 of June 29, 2001), Centre Database on Legal Normative Documents of Vietnam, retrieved 2020-07-08
  2. National Assembly of Vietnam (2001), Law on Cultural Heritage (PDF), SHERLOC: UNESCO Cultural Heritage laws Database, p. 2, retrieved 2020-07-07
  3. National Assembly of Vietnam (2009), Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the law on cultural heritages (No. 32/2009/QH12), Centre Database on Legal Normative Documents of Vietnam, retrieved 2020-07-08
  4. Andreas Reinecke (2015), "Insights into the Archaeological Research of Vietnam", Perspectives on the Archaeology of Vietnam – International Colloquium, Hanoi: Academia, p. 15, retrieved 2020-07-08
  5. "Bảo vật quốc gia". Department of Cultural Heritage (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  6. "Bảo vật quốc gia". Heritage World Magazine (Tạp chí Thế giới Di sản) (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  7. Prime Minister (1 October 2012), "Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg on recognization of national precious objects", luatminhkhue.vn, Hanoi, retrieved 8 July 2020
  8. "37 additional national treasures recognised". Nhan Dan Online. 30 December 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  9. "Vietnam names another 12 cultural, historical items national treasures". Tuổi Trẻ News. 14 January 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  10. Prime Minister (23 December 2015), Quyết định số 2382/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc công nhận bảo vật quốc gia [Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg on recognition of national treasures] (in Vietnamese), Viet Nam Government Portal, retrieved 8 July 2020
  11. Prime Minister (22 December 2016), Quyết định số 2496/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc công nhận bảo vật quốc gia (Đợt 5) [Decision No. 2496/QD-TTg on recognition of national treasures (5th time)] (in Vietnamese), Viet Nam Government Portal, retrieved 8 July 2020
  12. "Twenty four more national treasures recognised". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 28 December 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  13. "More artefacts recognised as VN national treasures". Viet Nam News. 27 December 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  14. "27 more national treasures recognised". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 21 January 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  15. "Co Loa arrowhead mould collection recognised as national treasure". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 6 January 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  16. "Vietnam has 23 more national treasures". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 27 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  17. "Vietnam recognises 27 more national treasures". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 2 February 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
  18. Archaeological Treasures from Vietnam (PDF), translated by Martin Baumeister, Staatliches Museum für Archäologie Chemnitz/ Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen, 2017, p. 20, retrieved 2020-07-08
  19. "PM allows transport of national treasures abroad". Vietnam Law and Legal Forum magazine. 2016. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  20. Wendy Zeldin (2016), Vietnam: New Provisions on Cultural Treasures Sent Abroad, The Library of Congress, retrieved 2020-07-08
  21. Prime Minister (1 October 2012), "Quyết định số 1426/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc công nhận bảo vật quốc gia" [Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg on recognition of national treasures], Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  22. Prime Minister (30 December 2013), "Quyết định số 2599/QĐ-TTg của Thủ tướng Chính phủ: Về việc công nhận bảo vật quốc gia" [Decision No. 2599/QD-TTg on recognition of national treasures], Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  23. Prime Minister (14 January 2015), "Decision No. 53/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures", Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  24. "Additional 22 artifacts gain "national treasure" status". VietnamPlus – Vietnam News Agency. 26 December 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  25. Prime Minister (15 January 2020). "Decision No. 88/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures" (in Vietnamese). Viet Nam Government Portal. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
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