Necromanis

Necromanis ("extinct pangolin") is an extinct genus of pangolin from superfamily Manoidea. It lived from the middle Oligocene to middle Miocene in Europe. It was originally placed within family Manidae, but was eventually removed from it as more fossil pholidotids from outside that family were found and studied more extensively (i.e., with the discovery and study of Eomanis and Patriomanis).[5] Currently, Necromanis is placed as incertae sedis within the pholidotid superfamily Manoidea, together with the families Manidae and Patriomanidae.[6]

This article is about the fossil pangolin Necromanis. For the similarly named fossil bat, see Necromantis.

Necromanis
Temporal range: Middle Oligocene to Middle Miocene
N. franconica and Sansanosmilus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Suborder: Eupholidota
Superfamily: Manoidea
Genus: †Necromanis
Filhol, 1894
Type species
†Necromanis franconica
Quenstedt, 1886
Species
  • †N. franconica (Quenstedt, 1885)[1]
  • †N. parva (Koenigswald, 1969)[2]
  • †N. quercyi (Filhol, 1894)[3]
Synonyms
synonyms of genus:
  • Galliaetatus (Ameghino, 1905)
  • Leptomanis (Filhol, 1894)
  • Necrodasypus (Filhol, 1894)
  • Teutomanis (Ameghino, 1905)
synonyms of species:
  • N. franconica:
    • Galliaetatus schlosseri (Ameghino, 1905)
    • Lutra franconica (Quenstedt, 1885)
    • Teutomanis franconica
    • Teutomanis quenstedti (Ameghino, 1905)
  • N. quercyi:
    • Leptomanis edwardsi (Filhol, 1894)
    • Necromanis edwardsi (Koenigswald & Martin, 1990)[4]

N. quercyi was originally placed within Teutomanis by Ameghino in 1905, but was later subsumed into Necromanis. A new fossil humerus attributed to N. franconica from Quercy, France lead researchers to reaffirm Teutomanis quercyi's status as distinct from Necromanis.[7]

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic position of genus Necromanis within superfamily Manoidea.[6][8]

 Ferae 

Pan-Carnivora

 Pholidotamorpha 

†Palaeanodonta

 Pholidota 

†Euromanis

 ? 

†Pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

†Eurotamanduidae

 Eupholidota 

†Eomanoidea

 Manoidea 

Manidae

†Patriomanidae

 †Necromanis 

†Necromanis franconica

†Necromanis parva

†Necromanis quercyi

 ? 
 sensu stricto 
 (Pholidota [sensu lato]) 

See also

References
  1. Quenstedt, F. A. (1885.) "Handbuch der Petrefaktenkunde 4th ed." Verlag der H. Lauppschen Buchhandlung, Tübingen, 1239 p.
  2. Von Wighart, Koenigswald (1969.) "Die Maniden (Pholidota, Mamm.) des europäischen Tertiärs", München, Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Historische Geologie, 9, 61-71
  3. Filhol, M. H. (1894.) "Observations concernant quelques mammifères fossiles nouveaux du Quercy." Annales de Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie), 16, 129-150
  4. Wighart Von Koenigswald, T. Martin (1990.) A skeleton of Necromanis franconica, a pangolin (Pholidota, Mammalia) of the Aquitanian from Saulcet in the Allier Basin, France, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 83(3):845-864
  5. Gaudin, Timothy J., Robert J. Emry, and Brandon Pogue. "A new genus and species of pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from the late Eocene of Inner Mongolia, China." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26.1 (2006): 146-159.
  6. Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media. 16 (4): 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2020-12-18.
  7. CROCHET, J. Y., HAUTIER, L., & LEHMANN, T. (2015). A pangolin (Manidae, Pholidota, Mammalia) from the French Quercy phosphorites (Pech du Fraysse, Saint-Projet, Tarn-et-Garonne, late Oligocene, MP 28). Palaeovertebrata, 39(2), e4.
  8. Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. Bibcode:2012JVPal..32..983K. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.
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