Neoblechnum

Neoblechnum is a genus of ferns in the family Blechnaceae, subfamily Blechnoideae, with a single species Neoblechnum brasiliense, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[1] The genus is accepted in a 2016 classification of the family Blechnaceae,[3] but other sources sink it into a very broadly defined Blechnum, equivalent to the whole of the PPG I subfamily;[4] the species is then known as Blechnum brasiliense. It is called Brazilian dwarf tree fern, red Brazilian tree fern, and red dwarf tree fern.[5][6]

Neoblechnum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Blechnaceae
Genus: Neoblechnum
Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich[1]
Species:
N. brasiliense
Binomial name
Neoblechnum brasiliense
(Desv.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Blechnopsis brasiliensis (Desv.) C.Presl
  • Blechnum brasiliense Desv.
  • Blechnum corcovadense Raddi
  • Blechnum fluminense Vell.
  • Blechnum nigrosquamatum Gilbert
  • Blechnum nitidum C.Presl
  • Blechnum validum Fée
  • Salpichlaena brasiliensis (Desv.) Trevis.
  • Spicanta brasiliense (Desv.) Kuntze

Description

The erect rhizome of Neoblechnum brasiliense forms a thin stipe-stubbed trunk up to 30 centimetres (12 in) in height. The new foliage is a striking deep red color. As the fronds mature it turns to a glossy green.[7] On some selections, the new fronds emerge a pinkish-red.

Distribution

The fern is native to the warm and humid subtropical forests of South America.[7]

Habitats include:[5]

Cultivation

Neoblechnum brasiliense is cultivated as an ornamental plant.[7] In the UK (under the synonym Blechnum brasiliense) it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[8] As it will not tolerate temperatures below 15 °C (59 °F) it must be grown under glass all year in temperate regions.

Cultivars

Named cultivars include:

  • 'Crispum' — segments have prominently crisped margins[7][9]
  • 'Cristatum' — segments are crested[7]
  • 'Volcano' — red dwarf tree fern, new foliage is red[10]

References
  1. PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
  2. Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (November 2019), "Neoblechnum brasiliense", Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World, 8.11, retrieved 2019-12-23
  3. Gasper, André Luís De; Dittrich, Vinícius Antonio De Oliveira; Smith, Alan Reid & Salino, Alexandre (2016-09-21), "A classification for Blechnaceae (Polypodiales: Polypodiopsida): New genera, resurrected names, and combinations", Phytotaxa, 275 (3): 191–227, doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.275.3.1, ISSN 1179-3163, retrieved 2019-12-22
  4. Christenhusz, Maarten J.M. & Chase, Mark W. (2014), "Trends and concepts in fern classification", Annals of Botany, 113 (9): 571–594, doi:10.1093/aob/mct299, PMC 3936591, PMID 24532607
  5. GRIN-Global Web v 1.9.7.1: Taxonomy profile for Blechnum brasiliense
  6. National Gardening Association: Blechnum brasiliense
  7. Forest Ferns.uk: cultivation of Blechnum brasiliense
  8. "RHS Plantfinder - Blechnum brasiliense". Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  9. Longwoodgardens.org: Longwood Gardens Plant Explorer — Blechnum brasiliense 'Crispum'
  10. Thompson-morgan.com: Blechnum brasiliense 'Volcano' (Red Dwarf tree fern)
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