2023 Madeiran regional election

Regional elections were held in Madeira on 24 September 2023,[1] to determine the composition of the Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. The election replaced all 47 members of the Madeira Assembly, and the new members will then elect the President of the Autonomous Region.

2023 Madeiran regional election
24 September 2023
47 seats to the Legislative Assembly of Madeira
24 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Turnout53.3% Decrease 2.2 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Vasco Cordeiro e Miguel Albuquerque.jpg
PS
JPP
Leader Miguel Albuquerque Sérgio Gonçalves Élvio Sousa
Party PSD PS JPP
Alliance We Are Madeira
Leader since 10 January 2015[lower-alpha 1] 13 March 2022 27 January 2015
Last election 24 seats, 45.2%[lower-alpha 2] 19 seats, 35.8% 3 seats, 5.5%
Seats won 23 11 5
Seat change Decrease 1 Decrease 8 Increase 2
Popular vote 58,394 28,840 14,933
Percentage 43.1% 21.3% 11.0%
Swing Decrease 2.1 pp Decrease 14.5 pp Increase 5.5 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
CH
Edgar-silva-2016-01-11.jpg
IL
Leader Miguel Castro Edgar Silva Nuno Morna
Party CH PCP IL
Alliance CDU
Leader since 2022 1996 2019
Last election 0 seats, 0.4% 1 seats, 1.8% 0 seats, 0.5%
Seats won 4 1 1
Seat change Increase 4 Steady 0 Increase 1
Popular vote 12,029 3,677 3,555
Percentage 8.9% 2.7% 2.6%
Swing Increase 8.5 pp Increase 0.9 pp Increase 1.1 pp
  Seventh party Eighth party
 
PAN
BE
Leader Mónica Freitas Roberto Almada
Party PAN BE
Leader since 2023 2023
Last election 0 seats, 1.5% 0 seats, 1.7%
Seats won 1 1
Seat change Increase 1 Increase 1
Popular vote 3,046 3,035
Percentage 2.2% 2.2%
Swing Increase 0.6 pp Increase 0.5 pp
President before election

Miguel Albuquerque
PSD

 President-designate

Miguel Albuquerque
PSD

The incumbent president, Miguel Albuquerque from the Social Democratic Party (PSD), led a coalition government between the Social Democrats and the CDS – People's Party, and defended the dominance of the Social Democratic Party in the islands since 1976. The PSD and CDS–PP contested the election in a joint coalition.[2]

The "We are Madeira" coalition, between the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP), won the election with 43% of the votes but, despite polling predictions, failed to hold on to their majority and won 23 seats, one short of a majority. On election night, Miguel Albuquerque announced he would present a "parliamentary majority solution" very shortly, but didn't give much details nor said with whom, although he refused any talks with CHEGA.[3]

The Socialist Party (PS) suffered a big fall in support gathering just 21% of the votes and 11 seats, compared with their best results ever in 2019, almost 36% and 19 seats. Unlike 2019, it failed to win a single parish and municipality.[4] Together for the People (JPP) had their best showing ever, winning 11% of the votes and 5 seats, two more compared with 2019.[5]

Unitary Democratic Coalition (CDU) was able to hold on to their sole seat and even increased their share of vote to 2.7%, compared with the 1.8% in 2019.[6] CHEGA (CH), which faced legal disputes regarding their presence on the ballot due to annulments of internal party decisions and that were settled with a Constitutional Court ruling that confirmed that the party could be on the ballot,[7] had a very strong showing, winning almost 9% of the votes and electing 4 members to the regional parliament, a 8.5% growth compared with 2019.[8]

The Liberal Initiative (IL) won 2.6% of the votes and elected one seat. The regional leader, Nuno Morna said he was open to talks with the PSD/CDS–PP coalition.[9] Likewise, People-Animals-Nature (PAN), who won 2.2% of the votes and returned after 8 years to the regional parliament, was also open to supporting a PSD/CDS–PP government.[10] Left Bloc (BE) polled 2.2% and also returned to the Madeira Parliament after losing their seat in 2019.

Two days after the election, PAN and the PSD/CDS–PP signed a deal that ensured a majority in the regional Parliament.[11] PSD/CDS–PP accepted a series of PAN demands and Miguel Albuquerque said he was "very pleased" by the outcome of the deal.[12] Also, Albuquerque didn't rule out occasional agreements with the Liberal Initiative.[13]

The turnout in these elections decreased compared to the previous one, with 53.3% of voters casting a ballot, compared with the 55.5% in the 2019 elections.

Background

In the 2019 regional election, the PSD was again the most voted party, 39%, but failed for the first time to win an absolute majority.[14] The party was followed closely by the PS which polled at almost 36%. After the elections, PSD and CDS–PP formed a coalition government which guaranteed an absolute majority in the regional parliament.[15]

In the aftermath of the 2021 local elections, in which the PS lost a lot of ground, especially the loss of Funchal to a PSD/CDS–PP coalition,[16] the then PS leader Paulo Cafôfo resigned from the leadership and refused to run again.[17] In the following PS leadership election, in February 2022, Sérgio Gonçalves was elected as the new leader with 98.6% of the votes.[18]

Electoral system

The current 47 members of the Madeiran regional parliament are elected in a single constituency by proportional representation under the D'Hondt method, coinciding with the territory of the Region.[19]

Parties

Current composition

The table below lists parties represented in the Legislative Assembly of Madeira before the election.

Name Ideology Leader 2019 result
Votes (%) Seats
PSD Social Democratic Party
Partido Social Democrata		 Liberal conservatism Miguel Albuquerque 39.4%
21 / 47
PS Socialist Party
Partido Socialista		 Social democracy Sérgio Gonçalves 35.8%
19 / 47
CDS-PP CDS – People's Party
Centro Democrático Social – Partido Popular		 Conservatism Rui Barreto 5.8%
3 / 47
JPP Together for the People
Juntos pelo Povo		 Centrism Élvio Sousa 5.5%
3 / 47
PCP Portuguese Communist Party
Partido Comunista Português		 Communism Edgar Silva 1.8%
[lower-alpha 3]
1 / 47

Parties running in the election

13 parties/coalitions were on the ballot for the 2023 Madeira regional election. The parties/coalitions that contested the election and their lead candidates were: (parties/coalitions are ordered by the way they appeared on the ballot)[20]

Campaign period

Party slogans
Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Refs
PSD/CDS–PP « Somos Madeira » "We are Madeira" [30]
PS « O voto que muda a Madeira » "The vote that changes Madeira" [31]
JPP « Em frente. Sem medo! » "Forward. Without fear!" [32]
CDU « Viver melhor na nossa terra! » "Live better in our land!" [33]
BE « O Bloco faz falta » "The Bloc is needed" [34]
PAN « O voto que faz a diferença » "The vote that makes the difference" [35]
IL « O liberalismo funciona. E faz falta à Madeira » "Liberalism works. And Madeira needs it" [36]
CH « Vamos acabar com a corrupção na Madeira! » "Let's end corruption in Madeira!" [37]

Election debates
2023 Madeiran regional election debates
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present[lower-alpha 4]    S  Surrogate[lower-alpha 5]    NI  Not invited   I  Invited    A  Absent invitee 
PSD/CDS PS JPP CDU BE PAN RIR PTP IL CH ADN MPT L Ref.
24 Aug RTP Madeira Gil Rosa NI NI NI NI NI NI NI NI P
Morna		 A P
Pita		 P
Rodrigues		 P
Camacho		 [38]
31 Aug RTP Madeira Gil Rosa NI NI NI NI P
Almada		 P
Freitas		 P
Vieira		 P
Costa		 NI NI NI NI NI [39]
7 Sep RTP Madeira Gil Rosa P
Albuquerque		 P
Gonçalves		 P
Sousa		 P
Silva		 NI NI NI NI NI NI NI NI NI [40]

Opinion polls

Graphical summary

Polling

Polls that showed their results without distributing those respondents who were undecided or said they would abstain from voting, were re-calculated by removing those numbers from the totals through a simple rule of three, in order to obtain results comparable to other polls and the official election results.
  Exit poll

Polling firm/Link Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout PSD/CDS PS JPP CDU BE PAN IL CH O Lead
PSD CDS–PP
2023 regional election 24 Sep 2023 — 53.3 43.1
23		 21.3
11		 11.0
5		 2.7
1		 2.2
1		 2.3
1		 2.6
1		 8.9
4		 4.9
0		 21.8
CESOP–UCP 24 Sep 2023 8,021 52–56 44–48
23/26		 18–21
9/12		 9–12
4/6		 2–3
1		 2–3
1		 1–3
0/1		 2–4
1		 8–10
3/5		 26.5
CESOP–UCP 16–17 Sep 2023 1,613  ? 50.0
24/28		 23.0
10/13		 7.0
2/4		 2.0
0/1		 3.0
1/2		 1.5
0/1		 1.5
0/1		 7.0
2/4		 5.0
0		 27.0
Intercampus[lower-alpha 6] 29 Aug–13 Sep 2023 603  ? 49.0
26		 22.8
12		 9.5
5		 1.7
0		 1.7
0		 1.0
0		 3.0
1		 6.8
3		 4.5
0		 26.2
Aximage[lower-alpha 7] 28 Aug–10 Sep 2023 602  ? 58.4
30		 15.5
8		 8.4
4		 3.2
1		 1.7
0		 1.9
0		 4.5
2		 4.5
2		 1.9
0		 42.9
Metris 21–26 Aug 2023 402  ? 52.5
24/28		 21.5
10/14		 10.0
4/6		 1.1
0/1		 1.1
0/1		 1.5
0/1		 3.8
1/2		 6.1
2/4		 2.4
0		 31.0
Aximage[lower-alpha 8] 10–23 Jul 2023 611  ? 57.2
30		 15.6
8		 10.0
5		 2.0
1		 1.6
0		 1.5
0		 3.5
1		 4.7
2		 3.9
0		 41.6
Aximage[lower-alpha 9] 23 May–5 Jun 2023 604  ? 54.0
28		 16.8
8		 11.6
6		 1.3
0		 2.6
1		 2.0
1		 2.6
1		 4.8
2		 4.3
0		 37.2
Intercampus[lower-alpha 10] 15–24 May 2023 404  ? 44.9
23		 28.5
14		 7.9
4		 1.7
0		 1.0
0		 2.1
1		 4.7
2		 6.2
3		 3.0
0		 16.4
Aximage[lower-alpha 11] 14–24 Feb 2023 603  ? 55.0
29		 16.8
8		 13.8
7		 1.9
1		 1.4
0		 0.9
0		 3.2
1		 3.6
1		 3.4
0		 38.2
Intercampus[lower-alpha 12][lower-alpha 13] 20–30 Jan 2023 400  ? 45.2 29.5 8.4 1.1 2.1 1.7 4.2 6.7 1.1 15.7
44.7 1.7 30.2 8.3 1.4 2.8 1.1 2.8 6.2 1.1 14.5
Aximage[lower-alpha 14][lower-alpha 15] 14–26 Oct 2022 601 58.4 54.0 26.6 9.4 1.1 0.9 0.2 2.3 2.7 2.9 27.4
51.5 5.2 25.1 8.9 0.7 0.8 0.2 2.0 2.6 2.7 26.4
Aximage 30 Jul–5 Aug 2022 414 65.9 50.1 18.6 10.1 1.5 1.9 1.9 3.3 4.1 8.5 31.5
52.6 1.9 17.3 9.2 1.7 1.9 1.1 2.5 3.2 8.6 35.3
2022 legislative elections 30 Jan 2022 — 49.6 39.8 31.5 6.9 2.0 3.2 1.6 3.3 6.1 5.2 8.3
2021 local elections 26 Sep 2021 — 54.6 43.0 3.4 29.5 10.0 2.0 0.0 — 1.2 2.5 8.4 13.5
Aximage 5–8 Jun 2020 415  ? 42.2 2.3 27.5 — 2.1 2.1 — — — 23.8 14.7
2019 legislative election 6 Oct 2019 — 50.3 37.2 6.1 33.4 5.5 2.1 5.2 1.8 0.7 0.7 7.4 3.8
2019 regional election 22 Sep 2019 — 55.5 39.4
21		 5.8
3		 35.8
19		 5.5
3		 1.8
1		 1.7
0		 1.5
0		 0.5
0		 0.4
0		 7.6
0		 3.6
Hypothetical polling

Paulo Cafôfo as PS leader

Polling firm/Link Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout PSD/CDS JPP CDU BE PAN IL CH O Lead
PSD CDS–PP
Aximage 30 Jul–5 Aug 2022 414 65.9 48.1 18.6 11.4 1.2 2.8 1.6 3.6 3.5 9.2 29.5
48.3 2.4 20.6 10.7 1.7 1.9 1.1 2.2 3.5 7.6 27.7

Voter turnout

The table below shows voter turnout throughout election day.

Turnout Time
12:00 16:00 19:00
2019 2023 ± 2019 2023 ± 2019 2023 ±
Total 20.97% 20.98% Increase 0.01 pp 40.79% 39.90% Decrease 0.89 pp 55.51% 53.35% Decrease 2.16 pp
Sources[41][42]

Results
Summary of the 24 September 2023 Legislative Assembly of Madeira elections results
Parties Votes % ±pp swing MPs MPs %/
votes %
2019 2023 ± % ±
We are Madeira (PSD/CDS–PP) 58,39443.11Decrease2.12423Decrease148.94Decrease2.11.14
Socialist 28,84021.29Decrease14.51911Decrease823.40Decrease17.01.10
Together for the People 14,93311.03Increase5.635Increase210.63Increase4.20.96
CHEGA 12,0298.88Increase8.504Increase48.51Increase8.50.96
Unitary Democratic Coalition 3,6772.71Increase0.911Steady02.13Steady0.00.79
Liberal Initiative 3,5552.62Increase2.101Increase12.13Increase2.10.81
People-Animals-Nature 3,0462.25Increase0.801Increase12.13Increase2.10.95
Left Bloc 3,0352.24Increase0.501Increase12.13Increase2.10.95
Labour 1,3691.01Steady0.000Steady00.00Steady0.00.0
LIVRE 8580.63——0—0.00—0.0
React, Include, Recycle 7270.54Decrease0.700Steady00.00Steady0.00.0
Earth 6960.51Increase0.300Steady00.00Steady0.00.0
National Democratic Alternative[lower-alpha 16] 6170.46Steady0.000Steady00.00Steady0.00.0
Total valid 131,776 97.29 Decrease0.4 47 47 Steady0 100.00 Steady0.0 —
Blank ballots 8420.62Increase0.1
Invalid ballots 2,8282.09Increase0.3
Total 135,446 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 253,87753.35Decrease2.2
Sources:[43]
Vote share
PSD/CDS–PP
 
 43.11%
PS
 
 21.29%
JPP
 
 11.03%
CH
 
 8.88%
CDU
 
 2.71%
IL
 
 2.62%
PAN
 
 2.25%
BE
 
 2.24%
PTP
 
 1.01%
Others
 
 2.14%
Blank/Invalid
 
 2.71%
Parliamentary seats
PSD/CDS–PP
 
 48.94%
PS
 
 23.40%
JPP
 
 10.63%
CH
 
 8.51%
CDU
 
 2.13%
IL
 
 2.13%
PAN
 
 2.13%
BE
 
 2.13%

Maps
  • Most voted political force by municipality.
    Most voted political force by municipality.

Notes
  1. As leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). The leader of the Madeira People's Party (CDS–PP) is the Regional Secretary for Economic Affairs Rui Barreto.
  2. Sum of votes and seats of the PSD and the CDS–PP in the 2019 election. PSD: 39.4%, 21 seats; CDS–PP: 5.8%, 3 seats.
  3. The Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and the Ecologist Party "The Greens" (PEV) contested the 2019 election jointly as the Unitary Democratic Coalition, and won a combined 1.8% of the vote and elected 1 MP to parliament.
  4. Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
  5. Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.
  6. Results presented here exclude undecideds (29.3%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 34.6%; PS: 16.1%; JPP: 6.7%; CHEGA: 4.8%; IL: 2.1%; BE: 1.2%; CDU: 1.2%; BE: PAN%; Others/Invalid: 3.2%.
  7. Results presented here exclude undecideds (9.5%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 52.9%; PS: 14.0%; JPP: 7.6%; CHEGA: 4.1%; IL: 4.1%; CDU: 2.9%; PAN: 1.7%; BE: 1.5%; Others/Invalid: 1.7%.
  8. Results presented here exclude undecideds (13.3%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 49.6%; PS: 13.5%; JPP: 8.7%; CHEGA: 4.1%; IL: 3.0%; CDU: 1.7%; BE: 1.4%; PAN: 1.3%; Others/Invalid: 3.4%.
  9. Results presented here exclude undecideds (13.1%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 46.9%; PS: 14.6%; JPP: 10.1%; CHEGA: 4.2%; BE: 2.3%; IL: 2.3%; PAN: 1.7%; CDU: 1.1%; Others/Invalid: 3.7%.
  10. Results presented here exclude undecideds (23.6%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 34.3%; PS: 21.8%; JPP: 6.0%; CHEGA: 4.7%; IL: 3.6%; PAN: 1.6%; CDU: 1.3%; BE: 0.8%; Others/Invalid: 3.0%.
  11. Results presented here exclude undecideds (9.0%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 50.0%; PS: 15.3%; JPP: 12.6%; CHEGA: 3.3%; IL: 2.9%; CDU: 1.7%; BE: 1.3%; PAN: 0.8%; Others/Invalid: 3.1%.
  12. Results presented here exclude undecideds + non voters (25.4% + 3.2%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 32.2%; PS: 21.0%; JPP: 6.0%; CHEGA: 4.8%; IL: 3.0%; BE: 1.5%; PAN: 1.2%; CDU: 0.8%; Others/Invalid: 0.8%.
  13. Results presented here exclude undecideds + non voters (24.0% + 3.8%). With their inclusion results are: PSD: 32.2%; PS: 21.8%; JPP: 6.0%; CHEGA: 4.5%; IL: 2.0%; BE: 2.0%; CDS-PP: 1.2%; CDU: 1.0%; PAN: 0.8%; Others/Invalid: 0.8%.
  14. Results presented here exclude undecideds (17.9%). With their inclusion results are: PSD/CDS-PP: 44.3%; PS: 21.8%; JPP: 7.7%; CHEGA: 2.2%; IL: 1.9%; CDU: 0.9%; BE: 0.7%; PAN: 0.2%; Others/Invalid: 2.4%.
  15. Results presented here exclude undecideds (16.0%). With their inclusion results are: PSD: 43.3%; PS: 21.1%; JPP: 7.5%; CDS-PP: 4.4%; CHEGA: 2.2%; IL: 1.9%; CDU: 0.9%; BE: 0.7%; PAN: 0.2%; Others/Invalid: 2.4%.
  16. In September 2021, the Democratic Republican Party (PDR) changed its name to the National Democratic Alternative (ADN).

References
  1. "Eleições na Madeira marcadas para 24 de setembro ", Diário de Notícias, 4 July 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  2. "PSD e CDS juntos (de novo) na corrida à liderança do Governo da Madeira em 2023 ", Público, 22 July 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  3. "Sem maioria absoluta, Albuquerque promete solução estável no Parlamento", Público, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  4. "Secretário-geral adjunto do PS admite que resultado "fica aquém do esperado"", Diário de Notícias da Madeira, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  5. "JPP assinala melhor resultado de sempre com cinco deputados", RTP, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  6. "Edgar Silva destaca que CDU não desapareceu na Madeira", Rádio Renascença, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  7. https://expresso.pt/politica/partidos/2023-09-04-Constitucional-decidiu-Chega-pode-concorrer-as-regionais-da-Madeira-b90d384c "Constitucional decidiu: Chega pode concorrer às regionais da Madeira"], Expresso, 4 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  8. "Ventura fala em "resultado histórico" do Chega e critica sondagens", TSF, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  9. "IL abre caminho a acordo na Madeira: "Não rejeitamos conversar"", Rádio Renascença, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  10. "PAN de "portas abertas" a coligação pós-eleitoral ", RTP, 24 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  11. "PAN confirma acordo com PSD/CDS e viabiliza maioria absoluta", CNN Portugal, 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  12. ""Temos uma plataforma de estabilidade para governar nos próximos quatro anos". Miguel Albuquerque garante estar "muito satisfeito" após negociações com PAN", CNN Portugal, 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  13. "Albuquerque admite que pode ter acordos pontuais com a IL", Diário de Notícias da Madeira, 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  14. "Eleições históricas na Madeira. PSD perde maioria. PS mais do que triplica. Coligação de direita à vista", Diário de Notícias, 23 September 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  15. "Já há acordo para uma coligação PSD-CDS na Madeira", Observador, 1 October 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  16. "Resultado autárquicas. PSD recupera Funchal e líder do PS-M demite-se ", Público, 27 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  17. "Paulo Cafôfo demite-se da liderança do PS/Madeira", Rádio Renascença, 27 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  18. "Sérgio Gonçalves eleito líder do PS/Madeira com 98,6% dos votos", Observador, 19 February 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  19. Comissão Nacional de Eleições - Eleição para a Assembleia Legislativa da Região Autónoma da Madeira 2007
  20. ALRAM 2023 – Sorteio das candidaturas, Comissão Nacional de Eleições, 16 August 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  21. Mariana Mortágua convicta de que BE regressará ao parlamento da Madeira, Observador, 4 June 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  22. “Vamos acabar com a maioria do PSD na Madeira”, diz Ventura, Diário de Notícias da Madeira, 30 June 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  23. RIR lamenta que Governo Regional tenha recebido Paulo Cafôfo, Jornal da Madeira, 18 May 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  24. EMPT procura candidatos que acreditem "num futuro melhor" para a Madeira, Jornal da Madeira, 24 February 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  25. Miguel Pita candidato pelo ADN às eleições regionais, Jornal da Madeira, 19 July 2023. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  26. "Últimos oito anos foram anos de entretenimento e não de discernimento", Diário de Notícias da Madeira, 1 July 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  27. "“Incompatibilidades políticas” levam PAN a substituir cabeça de lista às eleições na Madeira", Público, 11 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  28. Tiago Camacho será cabeça-de-lista do LIVRE às Eleições Regionais, Diário de Notícias da Madeira, 4 July 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  29. Nuno Morna vai ser o cabeça-lista da IL nas eleições regionais na Madeira, Observador, 2 July 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  30. "PSD Madeira Facebook page". PSD Madeira (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  31. "PS Madeira Facebook page". PS Madeira (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  32. "Movimento Juntos pelo Povo Facebook page". JPP (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  33. "CDU Madeira Facebook page". CDU (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  34. "BE Madeira Facebook page". BE (in Portuguese). Retrieved 28 July 2023.
  35. "PAN Madeira Facebook page". PAN (in Portuguese). Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  36. "Iniciativa Liberal Madeira Facebook page". Iniciativa Liberal (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  37. "Miguel Castro Facebook page". Miguel Castro (in Portuguese). Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  38. "Eleições Regionais 2023 - Debates Ep. 1". RTP Madeira (in Portuguese). 24 August 2023. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  39. "Eleições Regionais 2023 - Debates Ep. 2". RTP Madeira (in Portuguese). 24 August 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
  40. "Eleições Regionais 2023 - Debates Ep. 3". RTP Madeira (in Portuguese). 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  41. "Regionais 2019 - Afluência". eleicoes.mai.gov.pt/regionais2019/index.html (in Portuguese). Ministry of Internal Administration. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  42. "Regionais 2023 - Afluência". www.regionais2023.mai.gov.pt (in Portuguese). Ministry of Internal Administration. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  43. "Mapa Oficial n.º 1-A/2023, de 28 de setembro", Diário da República, 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
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