Northeast Asia

Northeast Asia or Northeastern Asia is a geographical subregion of Asia; its north-eastern landmass and islands are bounded by the Pacific Ocean.

Map with parts of the countries and territories that make up the region of Northeast Asia. Here, coastal Northeast Asia is shown.

The term Northeast Asia was popularized during the 1930s by American historian and political scientist Robert Kerner. Under Kerner's definition, "Northeast Asia" includes the Japanese Archipelago, the Korean Peninsula, the Mongolian Plateau, the Northeast China Plain, and the mountainous regions of the Russian Far East, stretching from the Lena River in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.[1]

Definitions

The definition of Northeast Asia is not static but often changes according to the context in which it is discussed.

In common usage, the term Northeast Asia typically refers to a region which includes Manchuria (Northeast China and Outer Manchuria). Other countries and regions which make up Northeast Asia are Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, the Russian Far East, and South Korea. Parts or the whole of northern China are also frequently included in sources.[2][3][4] The Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia defines the region as Russia, Mongolia, Japan, Korea, and China.[5]

Prominent cities in this area include Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Pyongyang, Tokyo, Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, Yokohama, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Shenyang, Harbin, Vladivostok, and Ulaanbaatar.

Economy
The world's largest automobile manufacturing plant in South Korea

Northeast Asia is one of the most important economic regions of the world, accounting for 25.3% of the world's nominal GDP in 2019, which is slightly larger than the United States. It is also one of the major political centers and has significant influence on international affairs. By the end of the 1990s, Northeast Asia had a share of 12% of the global energy consumption, with a strong increasing trend. By 2030, the major economic growth in the region is expected to double or triple this share.

Biogeography

In biogeography, Northeast Asia generally refers roughly to the area spanning Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Northeast China, and the Russian Far East between Lake Baikal in southern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean.

Northeast Asia is mainly covered by temperate forest, taiga, and the Eurasian Steppe, while tundra is found in the region's far north. Summer and winter temperatures are highly contrasted. It is also a mountainous area.

See also

References

Citations
  1. Narangoa 2014, p. 2.
  2. "Northeast Asia dominates patent filing growth." Retrieved on August 8, 2001.
  3. "Paper: Economic Integration in Northeast Asia Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine." Retrieved on August 8, 2011.
  4. Gilbet Rozman (2004), Northeast asia's stunted regionalism: bilateral distrust in the shadow of globalization. Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-4
  5. Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia (1999). Japan and Russia in Northeast Asia: Partners in the 21st Century. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 248.

Sources
  • Narangoa, Li (2014). Historical Atlas of Northeast Asia, 1590-2010: Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Eastern Siberia. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231160704.
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