October 1942

The following events occurred in October 1942:

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October 1, 1942 (Thursday)
  • The Battle of Rzhev, Summer 1942 ended in Soviet operational failure.
  • Australian commandos executed the Raid on Mubo in New Guinea, killing up to 50 Japanese.
  • The Japanese transport ship Lisbon Maru was sunk by the American submarine USS Grouper. It was later learned that Lisbon Maru was carrying 1,800 British prisoners of war from Hong Kong; 800 died in the sinking.
  • The Bell P-59 Airacomet had its first flight.
  • German submarine U-642 was commissioned.
  • The monopoly trade company DEGRIGES was founded by Nazi Germany in Greece, to control the resources of the country.
  • The British Army - formed the new unit, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME).
  • The first Little Golden Books, a popular series of children's books, were published in the United States.
  • Born: Günter Wallraff, writer and undercover journalist, in Burscheid, Germany
  • Died: Ants Piip, 58, 7th Prime Minister of Estonia (died in a Soviet prison camp)

October 2, 1942 (Friday)

October 3, 1942 (Saturday)

October 4, 1942 (Sunday)

October 5, 1942 (Monday)

October 6, 1942 (Tuesday)

October 7, 1942 (Wednesday)

October 8, 1942 (Thursday)
  • A Nazi radio announcement stated that officers and men captured in the Dieppe raid had been manacled in retaliation for the alleged tying of prisoners during the Sark raid. The British War Office replied that German prisoners of war captured at Dieppe had not had their hands tied and if the Germans did not immediately unshackle their prisoners, then German POWs in Canada would be put in chains starting October 10.[5]
  • The Italians entered Prozor.
  • German submarine U-179 was depth charged and sunk off Cape Town by the British destroyer HMS Active.
  • German submarine U-643 was commissioned.
  • The war film Flying Tigers starring John Wayne, John Carroll and Anna Lee was released.
  • Died: Effie Ellsler, 87, American actress

October 9, 1942 (Friday)

October 10, 1942 (Saturday)

October 11, 1942 (Sunday)

October 12, 1942 (Monday)

October 13, 1942 (Tuesday)

October 14, 1942 (Wednesday)
  • The Germans began another assault on the Stalingrad Tractor Factory.[12]
  • The Chetniks massacred over 500 Croats and Muslims and burned numerous villages around Prozor in the process, in the belief that they were harboring and aiding the communist Partisans.[13][14]
  • The Ukrainian Insurgent Army was activated.
  • In one of the most significant sinkings in Canadian waters during the war, passenger ferry SS Caribou was torpedoed and sunk in the Cabot Strait by German submarine U-69. 137 of the 252 on board perished.
  • German auxiliary cruiser Komet was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel by a British motor torpedo boat.
  • Soviet submarine Shch-213 struck a mine and sank in the Black Sea.
  • German submarine U-530 was commissioned.
  • Born: Evelio Javier, politician, lawyer and civil servant, in Hamtic, Antique, Philippines (d. 1986)

October 15, 1942 (Thursday)

October 16, 1942 (Friday)
  • Allied leaders agreed on Operation Flagpole: a plan to secure co-operation of Vichy France officers in French North Africa.
  • The Allies took preliminary steps towards setting up a commission to investigate war crimes.[2]
  • A cyclone from the Bay of Bengal reportedly killed 40,000 people, with particularly heavy damage around Contai.[16]
  • German submarine U-353 was depth charged, rammed and sunk by the British destroyer HMS Fame.
  • German submarine U-340 was commissioned.
  • The animated short film The Mouse of Tomorrow, featuring the debut of Mighty Mouse (as "Super Mouse"), was released in the United States.

October 17, 1942 (Saturday)

October 18, 1942 (Sunday)

October 19, 1942 (Monday)

October 20, 1942 (Tuesday)

October 21, 1942 (Wednesday)

October 22, 1942 (Thursday)

October 23, 1942 (Friday)

October 24, 1942 (Saturday)

October 25, 1942 (Sunday)

October 26, 1942 (Monday)

October 27, 1942 (Tuesday)

October 28, 1942 (Wednesday)
  • On the second anniversary of Ohi Day, Winston Churchill made a speech to the Greek people telling them that their "courage and spirit in adversity remain a lively inspiration to the United Nations. Outside their own country the armed forces of Greece, the navy, army and air force, are once again in the field already testing their growing strength in the face of the enemy, and anxious for the day, not far off now, when they will be with you and avenging your sufferings."[29]
  • 12 Hawker Hurricanes under the command of Greek aviator Ioannis Kellas marked Ohi Day by raiding Italian positions at El Alamein.[30]
  • The twentieth anniversary of the March on Rome passed without a speech from Benito Mussolini, who was rarely appearing in public anymore.[31]
  • The Richard Strauss opera Capriccio premiered at the National Theatre Munich.
  • Clark Gable was commissioned as a second lieutenant, earning the right to regrow his famous mustache which he had to shave off when he enlisted.[32]
  • German submarine U-531 was commissioned.

October 29, 1942 (Thursday)
  • Leading British clergymen and political figures held a public meeting to express their outrage at the persecution of Jews by Nazi Germany. Churchill sent a message to the meeting stating that "Free men and women denounce these vile crimes, and when this world struggle ends with the enthronement of human rights, racial persecution will be ended."[33]
  • The unescorted British passenger ship MV Abosso was torpedoed and sunk northwest of the Azores by German submarine U-575. 362 of the 393 people aboard perished.
  • German submarine U-646 was commissioned.
  • Born: Bob Ross, painter, art instructor and television host, in Daytona Beach, Florida (d. 1995)
  • Died: Conrad C. Binkele, 74, American Lutheran bishop

October 30, 1942 (Friday)

October 31, 1942 (Saturday)

References
  1. Williams, Mary H. (1960). Special Studies, Chronology, 1941–1945. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 57–58.
  2. Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 573. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  3. "Arrest of Ex-Premier". The Mail. Adelaide: 1. October 3, 1942.
  4. Deffree, Suzanne (2019-10-03). "German rocket is 1st to reach space, October 3, 1942". EDN. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
  5. "1942". World War II Database. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  6. Aly, Götz (2005). Hitler's Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State. New York: Henry Holt and Company. p. 175. ISBN 978-1-4299-2386-6.
  7. Chronology and Index of the Second World War, 1938–1945. Research Publications. 1990. pp. 146–147. ISBN 978-0-88736-568-3.
  8. Herbert, Ulrich (1997). Hitler's Foreign Workers: Enforced Foreign Labor in Germany Under the Third Reich. Cambridge University Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-521-47000-1.
  9. "War Diary for Wednesday, 7 October 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  10. "The Eve of St. Mark on Broadway". Playbill Vault. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  11. "Events occurring on Tuesday, October 13, 1942". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  12. Hellbeck, Jochen (2015). Stalingrad: The City that Defeated the Third Reich. PublicAffairs. p. 143. ISBN 978-1-61039-497-0.
  13. Tomasevich, Jozo (1975). War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: The Chetniks. Vol. 1. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 259. ISBN 978-0-8047-0857-9.
  14. Tomasevich, Jozo (2001). War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration. Vol. 2. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 259. ISBN 978-0-8047-3615-2.
  15. "Events occurring on Thursday, October 15, 1942". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  16. Longshore, David (2008). Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc. p. 258. ISBN 978-1-4381-1879-6.
  17. Hellbeck, p. 89.
  18. "Vice Admiral Halsey named new commander of the South Pacific". History. A&E Networks. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  19. Rastrenin, Oleg; Yurgenson, Andrey (2008). Il-2 Shturmovik Guards Units of World War 2. Osprey Publishing. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-84603-296-7.
  20. "Events occurring on Tuesday, October 20, 1942". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  21. Campbell, Douglas E. (2011). Volume I: U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Coast Guard Aircraft Lost During World War II. Lulu Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-257-82232-4.
  22. Zimmerman, Dwight Jon (November 15, 2012). "Eddie Rickenbacker Adrift in the Pacific Ocean". Defense Media Network. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  23. Davidson, Edward; Manning, Dale (1999). Chronology of World War Two. London: Cassell & Co. pp. 126–127. ISBN 0-304-35309-4.
  24. Chandler, Charlotte (2006). The Girl Who Walked Home Alone: Bette Davis, A Personal Biography. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 315. ISBN 978-0-7432-8905-4.
  25. Purnell, Sonia (2015). Clementine: The Life of Mrs. Winston Churchill (Kindle Ed.). New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-698-40820-3.
  26. Antill, Peter D. (2007). Stalingrad 1942. Osprey Publishing. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-84603-028-4.
  27. "War Diary for Monday, 26 October 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  28. "The Navy Comes Through". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  29. Churchill, Winston (2013). The End of the Beginning (Kindle Ed.). New York: Rosetta Books. ISBN 978-0-7953-3178-7.
  30. Argyle, Christopher (1980). Chronology of World War II. Exeter Books. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-89673-071-7.
  31. Clark, Martin (2005). Mussolini. London and New York: Routledge. p. 280. ISBN 978-1-317-89840-5.
  32. "Clark Gable Becomes Officer - He's Eligible for New Mustache". Brooklyn Eagle. Brooklyn. October 28, 1942. p. 1.
  33. "The British protest against the persecution of Jews". History. A&E Networks. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  34. Day By Day: The Forties. New York: Facts On File, Inc. 1977. p. 248. ISBN 0-87196-375-2.
  35. "Ready For Takeoff". Our History: The Historical Website of the Montreal Canadiens. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
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