Petroleum industry in Lithuania

The petroleum industry in Lithuania was on decline since 2001. In 2021 country produced 34.1 thousands tonnes of oil, the lowest since 1991.[1] According to Geology Office of Lithuania, at the begging of 2021 country had 2.49 million tonnes of proven oil resources in onshore sources and 81 million tonnes offshore in the Baltic Sea.[2][3]

Yearly oil production in Lithuania (1990 - 2021)

The poor oil resources in Lithuania, in comparison to oil-bearing regions, are related to unfavourable geological conditions for collecting oils, predominantly low organic matter content in the oil source rocks and the small structures, low oil saturation and difficulties in detecting new oil sources due depth of oil formation.

History

The initiative to discover oil resources in Lithuania started in 1958.[3] First proven source of oil discovered near Kybartai town.[3] In 1964 the government funded company established to discover potential oil sources within Lithuanian territory.[4] Between 1966 and 1969 four big oil sources confirmed in Šiūpariai, Plungė, Pietų Šiūpariai and Vilkyčiai.[5]

The actual production of oil in Lithuania started in 1990, during energy resource blockade imposed on Lithuania by Soviet Union.[3][5][6]

In 2001 Lithuania produced record breaking 471,000 tonnes of raw oil.[1][7]

Since 2003 oil drilling company Minijos nafta unsuccessfully tried to obtain rights to pump oil in the source near Kintai town.[8] In 2021 Lithuanian Ministry of Environment rejected the application from Minijos nafta due concerns of damage to environment as source located near Curonian Lagoon and create distruptions to develop water sports tourism.[9]

In 2015 oil sources discovered in Raseiniai District Municipality.[10]

In July 2021 Lithuanian Minister of Environment Simonas Gentvilas confirmed that Lithuanian government have no plans to encourage production in any of the new onshore wells and potentially could ban oil pumps development in the country once current wells depletes.[1][2] At current pumping rate, most of onshore wells are expected to get closed by 2026.[2][11]

Oil production industry

As of 2023, only onshore oil wells used for production with 14 currently in use and 4 abounded.[1]

Lithuanian laws do not allow offshore oil extraction.[1][2] Lithuania made claims that Russia potentially pumping oil that is located in Lithuanian territory via D6 offshore pump in Kaliningrad Oblast.[1]

Locations

All oil fields in Lithuania divided into 10 blocks, administered by the Geology Office of Lithuania, who issues the license for individual companies to develop the infrastructure needed in extracting oil:

Block
number		NameLicense owner (2023)[12]
1GirkaliaiLOTOS Geonafta
2KretingaLOTOS Geonafta
3NausodisLOTOS Geonafta
4PlungėLOTOS Geonafta
5GenčaiLOTOS Geonafta
6KlaipėdaManifoldas
7GargždaiMinijos nafta
8PlateliaiTroba
9RietavasLL Investicijos
10RaseiniaiLL Investicijos

Currently Lithuania have 18 onshore wells, all located in western part of the country, mainly Klaipėda District Municipality and Šilutė District Municipality. All oil resources located at least 2km underground:[13]

Onshore oil wells in Lithuania:

Petroleum industry in Lithuania is located in West Lithuania
1884
1884
1880
1949
1949
1898
1898
1883
1929
1763
1851
1851
1882
1882
1881
1881
335
335
3608
3608
1926
1926
1885
1885
3358
3358
4508
4508
4494
4494

Oil refinery
Mažeikiai oil refinery in 2015.

The only oil refinery in the Baltic States located in the city of Mažeikiai and owned by Orlen Lietuva.

References
  1. Senkant naftos ištekliams jos gavyba Lietuvoje gali būti stabdoma
  2. Naftos gavyba Lietuvoje: dar keleri metai ir iš žemės pumpuosime paskutinius lašus
  3. VLE - Nafta
  4. „LOTOS Geonafta“
  5. LOTOS istorija
  6. "Minijos nafta" Vilkyčiuose gręžia naują gręžinį
  7. "Geonafta" vienintelė padidino naftos gavybą
  8. Ar išdygs antrasis naftos gręžinys Kintuose?
  9. „Minijos naftos“ norui išgauti naftą Kintuose – bendruomenės perspėjimas
  10. Norvegai pranešė Lietuvoje suradę naują naftos telkinį
  11. Pocių telkinyje slypi daugiau naftos, nei manyta
  12. Lotos Geonafta - naftos blokai
  13. Naujas gręžinys Ablingos telkinyje pranoko naftininkų lūkesčius


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