Ottoman invasion of Mani (1815)
The 1815 Ottoman Invasion of Mani was one of a series of invasions by the Ottomans to subdue the Maniots. Mani was the only region of Greece that the Ottomans had not occupied due to the rough terrain and the rebellious spirit of the Maniots. The Maniots caused damage to the Ottomans by allying with the Venetians whenever there was a war between Venice and the Ottomans. They also practiced piracy.
| 1815 Ottoman Invasion of Mani | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Map of Greece with Mani highlighted. | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Mani | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Theodoros Grigorakis | Capitán Pasha | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 30 dead[1] | 115 dead[1] | ||||||||
The Ottomans had invaded Mani twice in the fifteen years prior to the 1815 invasion, and had dealt with the powerful Grigorakis clan, but now they decided to invade the Grigorakis' home town of Skoutari. The Ottomans under the Capitán-Pasha gathered a small fleet and invaded Mani. Once they landed the Skoutariotes under Theodoros Grigorakis attacked them and drove them into the sea.
Prelude
Even though the Grigorakis clan's power had weakened they still caused the Ottomans pain and they still had considerable power amongst the Maniots as the bey of Mani was a Grigorakis. The Capitán-Pasha decided that he had to deliver the hammer blow to the Grigorakis. He planned to invade the Grigorakis' home town of Skoutari, which was a haven for Maniot pirates and was the second most renowned pirate haven in Mani after Oitylo. The Capitán-Pasha knew that if he destroyed Skoutari, he would also destroy piracy in that region of Mani. He then gathered a small fleet and a force of Muslim Albanians and proceeded to Skoutari.
The battle
The Skoutariotes had no advance warning of the invasion, until the Ottoman fleet was seen in Skoutari Bay. All of the men in the town gathered their weapons and under the command of Theodoros Grigorakis they went to the beach where the Ottomans were landing. As the Ottomans were landing, the Skoutariotes fell upon them and drove them back into the sea. The defeated Ottomans retreated to their ships and sailed back to their bases. During the battle, the Ottomans lost 115 men while the Skoutariotes lost only 30 men.
Aftermath
This was the last time the Ottomans invaded Mani. In 1821, the rest of Greece declared its independence. During the war, Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha invaded Mani, but were repelled by the Maniots under Petros Mavromichalis at the Battle of Vergas.
Trivia
There is now a plaque commemorating the victory over the Ottomans at the site of the battle.
References
- Showalter, D.; Authors, M. (2013). Revolutionary Wars 1775–c.1815. Encyclopedia of Warfare. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78274-123-7.
Sources
- Peter Greenhalgh and Edward Eliopoulos. Deep into Mani: Journey to the Southern Tip of Greece. ISBN 0-571-13524-2