Endothelial protein C receptor

Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) also known as activated protein C receptor (APC receptor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PROCR gene.[5][6][7] PROCR has also recently been designated CD201 (cluster of differentiation 201).

PROCR
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPROCR, CCCA, CCD41, EPCR, protein C receptor
External IDsOMIM: 600646 MGI: 104596 HomoloGene: 4670 GeneCards: PROCR
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

10544

19124

Ensembl

ENSG00000101000

ENSMUSG00000027611

UniProt

Q9UNN8

Q64695

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_006404

NM_011171

RefSeq (protein)

NP_006395

NP_035301

Location (UCSC)Chr 20: 35.17 – 35.22 MbChr 2: 155.59 – 155.6 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for protein C that enhances its activation. Protein C is an anti-coagulant serine protease activated by the blood coagulation pathway.

Structure

EPCR protein is an N-glycosylated type I membrane protein that enhances the activation of protein C.[7] It belongs to the MHC class I/CD1 family of proteins, that is characterized by having a deep groove, that in other proteins in the family (but not in EPCR) is usually used for antigen binding.

Like the CD1 series, EPCR has a lipid in the corresponding groove. The bound lipid in EPCR is usually phosphatidylcholine, but it may be phosphatidylethanolamine, and it contributes to protein C binding, though probably not through direct contact [8]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction, as well as with late fetal loss during pregnancy.[7]

The protein is also involved in Plasmodium falciparum malaria as subtypes of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family use EPCR of the host as a receptor.[9]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101000 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027611 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Fukudome K, Esmon CT (Nov 1994). "Identification, cloning, and regulation of a novel endothelial cell protein C/activated protein C receptor". J Biol Chem. 269 (42): 26486–91. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47220-1. PMID 7929370.
  6. Rothbarth K, Dabaghian AR, Stammer H, Werner D (Oct 1999). "One single mRNA encodes the centrosomal protein CCD41 and the endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR)". FEBS Lett. 458 (1): 77–80. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01074-1. PMID 10518938. S2CID 25425851.
  7. "Entrez Gene: PROCR protein C receptor, endothelial (EPCR)".
  8. Esmon CT (May 2004). "Structure and functions of the endothelial cell protein C receptor". Critical Care Medicine. 32 (5 Suppl): S298-301. doi:10.1097/01.CCM.0000126128.64614.81. PMID 15118534.
  9. Turner L, Lavstsen T, Berger SS, Wang CW, Petersen JE, Avril M, Brazier AJ, Freeth J, Jespersen JS, Nielsen MA, Magistrado P, Lusingu J, Smith JD, Higgins MK, Theander TG (2013). "Severe malaria is associated with parasite binding to endothelial protein C receptor". Nature. 498 (7455): 502–5. Bibcode:2013Natur.498..502T. doi:10.1038/nature12216. PMC 3870021. PMID 23739325.

Further reading

  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q9UNN8 (Endothelial protein C receptor) at the PDBe-KB.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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