Pakistan men's national field hockey team
The Pakistan national field hockey team (Urdu: پاکستان قومى ہاكى ٹیم)[4] represents Pakistan in international field hockey. Having played its first match in 1948, it is administered by the Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF), the governing body for hockey in Pakistan. It has been a member of the International Hockey Federation (FIH) since 1948 and was founding member of the Asian Hockey Federation (ASHF), which was formed in 1958.[5] Pakistan is one of the most successful national field hockey teams in the world with a record four Hockey World Cup wins (in 1971, 1978, 1982, and 1994).
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| Nickname(s) | Green Shirts; Green Machines | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Association | Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Confederation | AHF (Asia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Head Coach | Shahnaz Sheikh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assistant coach(es) | Shakeel Abbasi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manager | Saeed Khan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Captain | Muhammad Umar Bhutta | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most caps | Waseem Ahmad (410)[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Top scorer | Sohail Abbas (348)[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| FIH ranking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 16  1 (14 October 2023)[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Highest | 4 (2000) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lowest | 20 (Jul 2022) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First international | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pakistan  2–1 .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Belgium(London, United Kingdom; 2 August 1948) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biggest win | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pakistan 22–0  Nepal(Madras, India; 26 December 1995) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biggest defeat | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
India  10–2 Pakistan(Hangzhou, China; 30 September 2023) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Olympic Games | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearances | 17 (first in 1948) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Best result |  Champions (1960, 1968, 1984) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| World Cup | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearances | 13 (first in 1971) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Best result |  Champions (1971, 1978, 1982 and 1994) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asian Games | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearances | 17 (first in 1958) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Best result |  Champions (1958, 1962, 1970, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, 2010) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Cup | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearances | 11 (first in 1982) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Best result | Champions (1982, 1985, 1989) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medal record
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Pakistan has the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with 53 victories in 84 matches played, seven time draws, six appearances in the finals, and only 24 losses. Pakistan national team has played in all FIH World Cup editions with the only absence coming in 2014 and 2022. The Green Shirts are also most successful national team in the Asian Games, with eight gold medals: 1958, 1962, 1970, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, and 2010, the highest number of times a country has come first, and the only Asian team to have won the prestigious Champions Trophy, with three championships: 1978, 1980 and 1994. Pakistan has won a total of 29 official international titles to professional and grassroots level selections, with three gold medals in the Olympic Games field hockey tournaments: in Rome 1960, Mexico City 1968, and Los Angeles 1984.
Field hockey is the national sport of the country.[6][7] The Pakistan national team has been ranked as the #1 team in the world in both 2000 and 2001 by the FIH. Former captain Sohail Abbas holds the World Record for the most international goals scored by a player in the history of international field hockey.[8] Waseem Ahmad is the most-capped player for the team, having played 410 times between 1996 and 2013.[9]
Pakistan is known for having fierce rivalry with India, having a record of playing each other in South Asian Games and Asian Games finals. They have competed against one another in twenty major tournaments finals so far, out of which Pakistan has won thirteen titles in total. Pakistan have a record of winning the first three championships of Hockey Asia Cup in 1982, 1985 and 1989 against India in row. Apart from that, Pakistan has notable competitive rivalries with Netherlands and Australia.
Pakistan's home ground is National Hockey Stadium in Lahore. The current team head coach is Shahnaz Sheikh and the team manager is Saeed Khan.[10]
History
Early history (1948–1955)
Originally, the game had been brought by British servicemen to British India, and like cricket it soon became a popular sport with the local population. Following the independence of Pakistan in 1947, soon after the Pakistan Hockey Federation came into being in 1948. Prior to the partition of India, players playing for Pakistan competed for the Indian side. The Federation soon established and organized the Provincial Hockey/Sports Associations of West Punjab, East Bengal, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Bahawalpur & Services Sports Board. Despite the limited resources available on 2 August 1948, Pakistan national team, led by Ali Iqtidar Shah Dara, officially went on to play their first international game against Belgium winning the game 2–1 at the 1948 London Olympics. Pakistan remained unbeaten defeating the Netherlands, Denmark and France during the group stage round and ended up placing fourth. During the group stages Pakistan defeat of Netherlands by 6–1 was the highlight for the team. Following the Olympics Pakistan went on a tour of Europe where the played Belgium, Netherlands and Italy and remained undefeated during the tour.
The next international outing of the team came after a gap of two years when Pakistan participated in an invitational competition in Spain in 1950. Pakistan were declared joined winners with Netherlands after the final ended in a draw and organizers decided to end the game rather than going for a deciding period of play, this was Pakistan's first international tournament victory. Again there was a gap of two years before Pakistan again appeared in an international event and this time it was the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki. Pakistan won the first knock-out game against France 6–0 but lost to Netherlands and Great Britain to again finish fourth at the event. Over the four years Pakistan made tours to European teams and also hosted them in their own country and in Asia Pakistan particularly made regular tours to Malaysia and Singapore with whom they played quite a few times.
Rise in Olympics and Asian honors (1956–1970)
Pakistan won their first Olympic medal in 1956 at Melbourne when they reached the final but lost to India 1–0 to earn a silver medal, first podium finish this was also Pakistan's first medal at the Olympics. Field hockey was included in the Asian Games for the first time in 1958 at Tokyo. Pakistan were drawn against Japan, South Korea, Malaysia and archrivals India. They beat Japan 5–0 in their first match, then followed two consecutive victories over South Korea (8–0) and Malaysia (6–0). In the last match Pakistan drew 0–0 with India finishing top of the table in the round-robin format and clinched its first gold medal in an international competition.[11]
In 1960 Rome Olympics where Pakistan played against in a group with Australia, Poland and Japan, winning all the matches. Pakistan then played the quarter-final round with Germany, winning the match 2–1 and advanced to the semi-final round where they defeated Spain. Pakistan eventually won the gold medal, defeating India 1–0 with a goal by Naseer Bunda in the final round held at the Olympic Velodrome and ended India's run of six successive gold medals at the Summer Olympic Games.[12]
In the 1962 Asian Games, Pakistan earned its second gold medal with Chaudhry Ghulam Rasool[13] as the captain leading the team to another successive award.[14] However, during the 1964 Tokyo Olympics the national team ended up as runners-up for the second time after losing 1–0 to India in the final as well as finishing runners-up in the 1966 Asian Games held in Bangkok, Thailand. Pakistan won its second Olympic Games gold medal in Mexico at the 1968 Summer Olympics.[15] It fielded what has since then often been considered the best hockey squad ever led by captain Tariq Aziz with Saeed Anwar, Khalid Mahmood, Gulraiz Akhtar and Tariq Niazi. Even though Rasool had retired, this team was still a force to be reckoned with. They won all six of their games—against Kenya, Great Britain, Malaysia, Australia, France and the Netherlands during group play, and against West Germany in the knockout round. Pakistan made the final for the fourth straight Olympics, and won the gold medal, as they had in 1960, this time by defeating Australia, 2–1 with goals from Muhammad Asad Malik and Abdul Rashid. Rashid was the top scorer for Pakistan with seven goals; Tanvir Dar finished with six goals.
The Golden Era (1970–1984)
In the group stage of the 1970 Asian Games, Pakistan was competing with tournament hosts Thailand and contenders Japan for top spot and a place in the finals. In their first match of the group, Pakistan scored thrice against Japan to clinch their first win, followed by defeating Hong Kong 10–0 to go to the top of the group. The team then draw 0–0 with Thailand and progressed to the knock-out round, where they won 5–0 over Malaysia. In the final, Pakistan faced India, winning 1–0 and sealing their third Asian Games gold medal.
In 1971, the first-ever Hockey World Cup was to be hosted by Pakistan. However, political issues would prevent that first competition from being played in Pakistan. The FIH had inadvertently scheduled the first World Cup to be played in Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Furthermore, Pakistan and India had been at war with each other only six years earlier. When Pakistan invited India to compete in the tournament, a crisis arose. Pakistanis, led by cricketer Abdul Hafeez Kardar, protested against India's participation in the Hockey World Cup. Given the intense political climate between Pakistan and India, the FIH decided to move the tournament elsewhere. In March 1971, coincidentally in the same month Bangladesh declared independence from Pakistan, the FIH decided to move the first Hockey World Cup to the Real Club de Polo grounds in Barcelona, Spain, which was considered a neutral and peaceful European site.[16] On 27 March 1971, in Brussels, the trophy was formally handed to FIH President Rene Frank by H.E Masood, the Pakistani Ambassador to Belgium. A total number of 10 teams qualified for the event and were broken up into two groups.
The Pakistani team was drawn in a group with hosts Spain, Australia, Japan and the Netherlands. The group was topped by Spain and Pakistan respectively, and both the teams advanced into the semi-finals. In the first semi-final of the tournament Pakistan ousted India 2–1 in a tense and closely contested game and in the second semi-final Spain played safe and defeated a spirited Kenya 1–0 to enter the finals against Pakistan. In the final Pakistan scored early but then strengthened its defense to hold out a 1–0 victory and win the first hockey World Cup, retaining its number one position in the world hockey rankings, closely followed by India and the Netherlands. Tanvir Dar finished as the top goal scorer at the tournament with eight goals. The 1972 Munich Olympics, Pakistan lost the final to hosts West Germany losing the game 1–0 with a goal by Michael Krause and finished at fourth place, the following year, in the 1973 Hockey World Cup. The national team made a comeback in the international competition, by winning and retaining their title at the 1974 Asian Games but lost to their rivals India in the finals of the third hockey World Cup in 1975. 1976 Montreal Olympics saw the team secure their first bronze medal in the competition.
The year 1978 saw Pakistan national team win three major international tournaments: the third Hockey World Cup held at Buenos Aires, Argentina along with 1978 Asian Games[17] and the first Champions Trophy. This was the first time a national team won three major titles in the history of international field hockey. In 1980, Pakistan Olympic Association, along with 65 countries, boycotted the 1980 Moscow Olympics because of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.[18] This resulted in Pakistan hockey team not participating at the field hockey competition at the tournament. Pakistan hosted the 1980 and 1981 Champions Trophy tournaments, winning the title against West Germany in the final round in 1980 and finishing at fourth position[19] a year later, held at the Hockey Club of Pakistan, Karachi. In the 1980s Pakistan won every international tournament it participated in including the 1982 World Cup in Mumbai and the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles where Pakistan won the gold medal defeating West Germany in the final. Pakistan also won the Asian Games and Asia Cup consecutively in this period.
Surface change crisis and resurgence (1986–1996)
Although hockey was being played at synthetic surfaces from the 1970s but it was only until the 1986 World Cup in London the FIH completely moved on from grass pitches to AstroTurf, synthetic turf made from plastic fibers to give a grass like look. The change of surface made the game much more fasted paced and to align the game with the new conditions the governing body vastly changed the rules of the game which focused more on strength and pace rather than stick work and technique which was the hallmark of Asian style of hockey. This negatively effected Pakistan since they couldn't replace all of the grass pitches with more expensive synthetic surfaces compared to more affluent European nations. This resulted in Pakistan performing very poorly at the World Cup in London where they won just one pool game and finished second last at 11th place. Pakistan however managed to cope up with the new changes in the game in the following years and started to regain some of its past dominance. Pakistan first finished runner-up at the 1990 World Cup at home in Lahore after losing the final to Netherlands and won a bronze medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona. The most glorious highlight of the decade came in 1994 when Pakistan first won the 1994 Champions Trophy at home ground, their first title in the competition after 14 years and later in the year Pakistan won the Hockey World Cup in Sydney after winning a penalty shootout against Netherlands.
Post-Atlanta Olympics (1998–2006)
After Atlanta 1996 the first major competition was the 1998 Hockey World Cup in Utrecht Pakistan finished 5th at the tournament. The following year Pakistan won the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup for the first time in 1999. Pakistan finished fourth at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney after losing the bronze medal match to Australia, this was the last time Pakistan played for a medal at the Olympics. Pakistan finished 5th at 2002 World Cup and Kuala Lumpur and won bronze medal at the Champions Trophy the same year. At the 2002 Asian Games Pakistan finished fourth, the first time the team didn't won a medal at the competition. In 2003 Pakistan lost the Hockey Asia Cup final to India and in 2004 Pakistan had a busy schedule where they played in many tournaments in lead up to the Olympics but Pakistan finished 5th at the 2004 Athens Olympics later in December Pakistan finished third at the 2004 Champions Trophy in Lahore, the third consecutive bronze medal. In 2005 Pakistan had a highlight when they defeated Olympic champion Australia to win the 2005 Hockey RaboTrophy in Netherlands. Pakistan finished 6th the 2006 World Cup and failed even to progress from the pool stages of the 2007 Asia Cup.
Beijing Olympics and competitive decline (2008–2012)
The 2008 Beijing Olympics proved to be the worst performance of the team at the event where they finished 8th.[20] The year 2010 started with another record worst performance at the 2010 World Cup in New Delhi where the team finished last at 12th place but later in the same year Pakistan had a major success by winning the gold medal at the 2010 Asian Games in China.[21] In 2011 Pakistan played in many minor tournaments in lead up to the 2012 Olympics where they finished 7th. Later in the year 2012 Pakistan won bronze medal at the 2012 Champions Trophy in Melbourne after upsetting tournaments favorites like Germany. The Pakistani national team most successful tournament, in this period, was the Asian Hockey Champions Trophy winning the trophy first in 2012 against India and finishing as runners-up in the first edition of Asian Hockey Champions Trophy in 2011. During this period despite not any major team honor won the Pakistan team had world renowned individual players in world hockey in the likes of Sohail Abbas who remained top scorer at the 2002 World Cup and 2004 Olympics, he later broke the record of highest goalscorer in international hockey with a total of 348 goals and Rehan Butt who was twice voted as the Best Asian Player by Asian Hockey Federation, Shakeel Abbasi, Salman Akbar and Muhammad Saqlain.
World Cup and Olympic absentee (2013–2020)
Pakistan, after having failed to get a direct entrance for the 2014 World Cup, were handed a last chance to qualify for the event by winning the 2013 Asia Cup, but they finished third and failed to qualify for the World Cup for the first time in their history.[22] Pakistan failed to qualify for the Olympics for the first time at Rio 2016 after failing a qualification berth at the 2014–15 FIH Hockey World League. From 2016 to 2017, Pakistan performed poorly in different competitions even featuring a record 9–1 defeat against Australia in 2017. In 2018, Roelant Oltmans of Netherlands was brought in as coach and the team showed some improvement, but still performed poorly at the 2018 World Cup, failing to win a single match. Pakistan again failed to qualify for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo, losing the Olympic Qualifiers against Netherlands over a two-legged tie in 2019.
Present era (2021–present)
PHF announced Pakistan's participation for the 2021 Asian Champions Trophy, the team's first appearance in an international competition after a gap of two years. A 20-man squad was announced with Siegfried Aikman as head coach prior to the tournament.[23]Pakistan could not qualify for the 2023 World Cup despite it being a 16-team event.[24] Pakistan then played 2022 Common wealth games where Pakistan performs poorly and finished 7th, In December 2022 Pakistan participated in 2022 Nations cup were Pakistan finished 7th, In July 2023 Shahnaz Sheikh was appointed as the head coach of team for 2023 Asian Champions Trophy, In August 2023 PHF announced 36-man squad for Asian Games 2023, In the Asian Games 2023 Pakistan lost to India by 10-2 which was the biggest defeat in their history, pakistan finished 5th in the Asian Games 2023.
Logo and stadium
The motif of the Pakistan national field hockey team has a star and crescent on a dark green field; with a vertical white stripe at the hoist, usually in green, white color, as represented in the flag of Pakistan.
Pakistan played at a number of different venues across the country, though by 1978, this had largely settled down to having National Hockey Stadium (also known as Gaddafi Hockey Stadium, named after former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi) in Lahore as the primary venue, with Faisalabad Hockey Stadium and the Hockey Club of Pakistan used on occasions where the National Hockey Stadium was unavailable for home matches. The stadium is considered to be the biggest international field hockey stadium in the world, and holds a capacity of 45,000 spectators.[25]
The Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) has its headquarters at the stadium. Pakistan has hosted many international matches and competitions such as the Hockey Asia Cup of 1982 and Champions Trophy tournament in 1978, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1992, 1994, 1998, and 2004 along with the 1990 Hockey World Cup, where Pakistan lost 3–1 to the Netherlands in the final.[26]
Honors and recognition
Since its breakthrough in the 1948 Summer Olympics, Pakistan has won more than 20 official titles, which are detailed below:
- Summer Olympics:
- Gold medal: 1960 Rome, 1968 Mexico City, 1984 Los Angeles
- Silver medal: 1956 Melbourne, 1964 Tokyo, 1972 Munich
- Bronze medal: 1976 Montreal, 1992 Barcelona
- World Cup:
- Champions Trophy:
- Sultan Azlan Shah Cup:
- Asian Champions Trophy:
- Asia Cup:
- Asian Games:
- Commonwealth Games:
- South Asian Games:
- Afro-Asian Games:
- Silver medal: 2003
- Hockey Champions Challenge:
- Silver medal: 2009
Competitive record
Team performance
TBD (to be determined), DNQ (did not qualify), DNP (did not participate)
| Olympic Games[27] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1948 |  London, United Kingdom |
4th |
| 1952 |  Helsinki, Finland |
4th |
| 1956 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Melbourne, Australia |
2nd |
| 1960 |  Rome, Italy |
1st |
| 1964 |  Tokyo, Japan |
2nd |
| 1968 |  Mexico City, Mexico |
1st |
| 1972 |  Munich, West Germany |
2nd |
| 1976 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Montreal, Canada |
3rd |
| 1980 |  Moscow, Soviet Union |
DNP |
| 1984 |  Los Angeles, United States |
1st |
| 1988 |  Seoul, South Korea |
5th |
| 1992 |  Barcelona, Spain |
3rd |
| 1996 | Atlanta, United States |
6th |
| 2000 | Sydney, Australia |
4th |
| 2004 |  Athens, Greece |
5th |
| 2008 |  Beijing, China |
8th |
| 2012 | London, United Kingdom |
7th |
| 2016 |  Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
DNQ |
| 2020 | Tokyo, Japan |
DNQ |
| World Cup[28][29] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1971 | Barcelona, Spain |
1st |
| 1973 |  Amstelveen, Netherlands |
4th |
| 1975 |  Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 1978 |  Buenos Aires, Argentina |
1st |
| 1982 | Mumbai, India |
1st |
| 1986 |  London, England |
11th |
| 1990 | Lahore, Pakistan |
2nd |
| 1994 | Sydney, Australia |
1st |
| 1998 | Utrecht, Netherlands |
5th |
| 2002 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
5th |
| 2006 | Mönchengladbach, Germany |
6th |
| 2010 | New Delhi, India |
12th |
| 2014 | The Hague, Netherlands |
DNQ |
| 2018 | Bhubaneswar, India |
12th |
| 2023 | Bhubaneswar, India |
DNQ |
| Sultan Azlan Shah Cup | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1983 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 1985 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
3rd |
| 1987 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 1991 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 1994 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 1995 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 1996 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 1998 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
1st |
| 1999 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 2000 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
1st |
| 2001 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
4th |
| 2003 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
1st |
| 2004 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2005 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
3rd |
| 2006 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
5th |
| 2007 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
6th |
| 2008 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
4th |
| 2009 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
4th |
| 2010 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
5th |
| 2011 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2012 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
7th |
| 2013 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
6th |
| 2014 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2015 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 2016 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
5th |
| 2017 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 2018 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 2019 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
DNP |
| 2022 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
3rd |
| Asian Hockey Champions Trophy | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 2011 | Ordos, China |
2nd |
| 2012 |  Doha, Qatar |
1st |
| 2013 | Kakamigahara, Japan |
1st |
| 2016 | Kuantan, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2018 |  Muscat, Oman |
1st |
| 2021 |  Dhaka, Bangladesh |
4th |
| 2023 | Chennai, India |
5th |
| Asia Cup | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1982 | Karachi, Pakistan |
1st |
| 1985 | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
1st |
| 1989 | New Delhi, India |
1st |
| 1994 | Hiroshima, Japan |
3rd |
| 1999 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2003 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2007 | Chennai, India |
6th |
| 2009 | Kuantan, Malaysia |
2nd |
| 2013 | Ipoh, Malaysia |
3rd |
| 2017 | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
3rd |
| 2022 |  Jakarta, Indonesia |
5th |
| Asian Games | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1958 | Tokyo, Japan |
1st |
| 1962 | Jakarta, Indonesia |
1st |
| 1966 |  Bangkok, Thailand |
2nd |
| 1970 | Bangkok, Thailand |
1st |
| 1974 |  Tehran, Iran |
1st |
| 1978 | Bangkok, Thailand |
1st |
| 1982 | New Delhi, India |
1st |
| 1986 | Seongnam, South Korea |
2nd |
| 1990 | Beijing, China |
1st |
| 1994 | Hiroshima, Japan |
3rd |
| 1998 | Bangkok, Thailand |
3rd |
| 2002 | Busan, South Korea |
4th |
| 2006 | Doha, Qatar |
3rd |
| 2010 | Guangzhou, China |
1st |
| 2014 | Incheon, South Korea |
2nd |
| 2018 | Jakarta-Palembang, Indonesia |
4th |
| 2022 | Hangzhou-China |
5th |
| Commonwealth Games | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1998 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
10th |
| 2002 | Manchester, England |
3rd |
| 2006 | Melbourne, Australia |
2nd |
| 2010 | New Delhi, India |
6th |
| 2014 |  Glasgow, Scotland |
DNP |
| 2018 | Gold Coast, Australia |
7th |
| 2022 | Birmingham, England |
7th |
| South Asian Games | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 1995 | Madras, India |
2nd |
| 2006 |  Colombo, Sri Lanka |
1st |
| 2010 | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
1st |
| 2016 | Guwahati, India |
1st |
| Afro-Asian Games | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 2003 | Hyderabad, India |
2nd |
| FIH Hockey World League | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 2012–13 | New Delhi, India |
13th |
| 2014–15 | Raipur, India |
15th |
| 2016–17 | India |
14th |
| FIH Hockey Nations Cup | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Host city | Position |
| 2022 |  Potchefstroom, South Africa |
7th |
Records
As of 27 October 2019
Players in bold text are still active with Pakistan
Top goal scorers
| Rank | Player | Goals | Matches | Career | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sohail Abbas | 348 | 311 | 1998–2012 | [31] |
| 2 | Hassan Sardar | 150 | 148 | 1979–1987 | [32] |
| 3 | Tahir Zaman | 134 | 252 | 1987–1998 | [32] |
| 4 | Kamran Ashraf | 129 | 166 | 1993–2002 | [32] |
| 5 | Hanif Khan | 127 | 177 | 1976–1985 | [32] |
| 6 | Rehan Butt | 110 | 274 | 2002–2012 | [?] |
| 7 | Muhammad Imran | 106 | 289 | 2004–2015 | [?] |
| 8 | Shakeel Abbasi | 103 | 309 | 2003–2014 | [33] |
| 9 | Manzoor-ul-Hassan | 101 | 154 | 1972–1982 | [32] |
| 10 | Shahbaz Ahmed | 101 | 304 | 1986–2002 | [32] |
Most-capped players
| Rank | Player | Matches | Goals | Career | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Waseem Ahmed | 410 | 10 | 1996–2013 | [34] |
| 2 | Sohail Abbas | 311 | 348 | 1998–2012 | |
| 3 | Shakeel Abbasi | 309 | 103 | 2003–2014 | [33] |
| 4 | Shahbaz Ahmed | 304 | 101 | 1986–2002 | [32] |
| 5 | Muhammad Imran | 289 | 106 | 2004–2015 | [?] |
| 6 | Rehan Butt | 274 | 110 | 2002–2012 | [?] |
| 7 | Tahir Zaman | 252 | 134 | 1987–1998 | [32] |
| 8 | Mansoor Ahmed | 238 | 0 | 1986–1997 | [32] |
| 9 | Zeeshan Ashraf | 235 | 3 | 2001–2010 | [?] |
| 10 | Muhammad Saqlain | 233 | 32 | 1999–2009 | [?] |
| 11 | Muhammed Umar Bhutta | 204 | 57 | 2009–present | [35][36] |
Players
Officials
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Head coach: | Shahnaz Sheikh |
| Manager: | Saeed Khan |
| Assistant coach: | Shakeel Abbasi |
| Goalkeeping coach: | Amjad Ali |
| Video analyst: | Rehan Butt |
| Physical Instructor: | Rajakamal |
Current players
Squad as of 11 August 2023 for 2023 Men's Asian Champions Trophy.[37]
| No. | Pos. | Player | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Goals | Club |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GK | Akmal Hussain | 24 | 31 | 0 | WAPDA |
| 12 | GK | Abdullah Ishtiaq Khan | 23 | 13 | 0 | Mari Petroleum |
| 2 | DF | Mohammad Abdullah | 20 | 37 | 0 | Mari Petroleum |
| 15 | DF | Mohammad Sufyan Khan | 19 | 23 | 12 | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
| 4 | DF | Ihtesham Aslam | 21 | 22 | 0 | Mari Petroleum |
| 13 | DF | Usama Bashir | 24 | 23 | 1 | Pakistan Air Force |
| 6 | DF | Aqeel Ahmad | 18 | 18 | 0 | WAPDA |
| 7 | MF | Arshad Liaquat | 21 | 23 | 7 | Mari Petroleum |
| 3 | MF | Mohammad Ammad | 16 | 17 | 7 | Pakistan Customs |
| 17 | MF | Murtaza Yaqoob | 20 | 17 | 1 | WAPDA |
| 9 | FW | Abdul Hanan Shahid | 17 | 25 | 10 | WAPDA |
| 11 | FW | Zikriya Hayat | 19 | 6 | 0 | Pakistan Navy |
| 8 | FW | Rana Abdul Wahid Ashraf (Vice-captain) | 23 | 43 | 20 | WAPDA |
| 10 | FW | Roman | 22 | 22 | 5 | WAPDA |
| 19 | FW | Mohammad Shahzaib Khan | 23 | 17 | 0 | Pakistan Customs |
| 20 | FW | Afraz | 24 | 39 | 15 | Mari Petroleum |
| 18 | FW | Abdul Rahman | 19 | 12 | 5 | Pakistan Air Force |
| 14 | FW | Muhammad Umar Bhutta (Captain) | 24 December 1992 | 204 | 35 | Mari Petroleum |
|}
Results and fixtures
2021
Asian Hockey Champions Trophy
| 14 December Pool Stage | Japan | 0–0 | Pakistan | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 20:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Report | Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
| 16 December Pool Stage | India | 3–1 | Pakistan | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 15:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Harmanpreet  9', 53'Akashdeep 42' |
Report | Manzoor 45' |
Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
| 18 December Pool Stage | Pakistan | 3–3 | South Korea | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 20:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Afraz 24' Waheed 33', 57' |
Report | Kyu-beom 14' Woo-cheon 42' Jong-hyun 56' |
Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
| 19 December Pool Stage | Pakistan | 6–2 | Bangladesh | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 20:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Nadeem 14', 26' Ajaz 18', 38' Afraz 24' Razzaq 34' |
Report | Hossain 13', 35' |
Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
| 21 December Semifinal | South Korea | 6–5 | Pakistan | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 15:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Jong-hyun 11', 12', 25', 56' Ji-hun 30' Jun-woo 44' |
Report | Bhutta 3' Manzoor 22' Afraz 30' Mubashir 47', 51' |
Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
| 22 December Third and fourth place | Pakistan | 3–4 | India | Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| 15:30 BST (UTC +06:00) | Afraz 10' Waheed 33' Shakeel 57' |
Report | Harmapreet 2' Sumit 45' Varun 54' Akashdeep 57' |
Stadium: Maulana Bhasani Hockey Stadium |
2022
| 26 April Practice match | Netherlands | 3–5 | Pakistan | Breda, Netherlands |
| 13:00 CEST (UTC+02:00) | Report | Stadium: B.H.V Push |
| 27 April Practice match | Netherlands | 4–1 | Pakistan | Breda, Netherlands |
| 15:00 CEST (UTC +2:00) | Report | Stadium: B.H.V Push |
2022 Hockey Asia Cup
| 23 May Pool match | India | 1–1 | Pakistan | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| 18:30 WIB (UTC +7:00) | Karthi 9' |
Report | Waheed 59' |
Stadium: GBK Sports Complex |
| 24 May Pool match | Pakistan | 13–0 | Indonesia | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| 12:15 WIB (UTC +7:00) | Ahmed 2', 49' Waheed 4', 17' Manan 6', 19' Rizwan 15', 25', 43' Mubashir 16' Shan 19' Ghazanfar 35' Shakeel 45' |
Report | Stadium: GBK Sports Complex |
| 26 May Pool match | Pakistan | 2–3 | Japan | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| 16:15 WIB (UTC +6:00) | Ahmed 23' Ali 30' |
Report | Ooka 14' Saeki 15' Niwa 27' |
Stadium: GBK Sports Complex |
| 28 May Crossover | Pakistan | 5–2 | Oman | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| 12:15 WIB (UTC +7:00) | Report | Stadium: GBK Sports Complex |
| 1 June Fifth place game | Pakistan | 8–0 | Bangladesh | Jakarta, Indonesia |
| 12:15 WIB (UTC +7:00) | Report | Stadium: GBK Sports Complex |
2022 Commonwealth Games
| 30 July Pool match | South Africa | 2-2 | Pakistan | Birmingham, England |
| Report | Stadium: Birmingham Hockey and Squash Center |
| 31 July Pool match | New Zealand  | 4-1 | Pakistan | Birmingham, England |
| Report | Stadium: Birmingham Hockey and Squash Center |
| 3 August Pool match | Pakistan | 3-2 | Scotland | Birmingham, England |
| Report | Stadium: Birmingham Hockey and Squash Center |
| 4 August Pool match | Australia | 7-0 | Pakistan | Birmingham, England |
| Report | Stadium: Birmingham Hockey and Squash Center |
| 6 August Seventh place match | Canada | 3-4 | Pakistan | Birmingham, England |
| 11:15 | Report | Stadium: Birmingham Hockey and Squash Center |
2022 Sultan Azlan Shah Cup
| 1 November Pool Match | Pakistan | 1-4 | South Africa | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 16:00 MYT (UTC+08:00) | Shahid 47' |
Report | De Lora 25' Beauchamp 27'Ngubane 38'Le Forestier 43' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
| 2 November Pool Match | Malaysia | 1-1 | Pakistan | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 20:00 MYT (UTC+08:00) | Silverius 26' |
Report | Ahmad 36' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
| 4 November Pool Match | Japan | 2-2 | Pakistan | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 16:00 MYT (UTC+08:00) | Fukuda 43' Kawabe 55' |
Report | Sufyan 17', 19' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
| 5 November Pool Match | Pakistan | 1-2 | South Korea | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 16:00 MYT (UTC+08:00) | Shahid 4' |
Report | Kim Hyeon-hong 51', 52' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
| 7 November Pool match | Egypt  | 1-4 | Pakistan | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 18:00 MYT (UTC+08:00) | M. Ragab 50' |
Report | Rana 12' Sufyan 26', 44'Liaqat 39' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
| 9 November Third place game | Japan | 3-5 | Pakistan | Ipoh, Malaysia |
| 18:15 MYT (UTC+08:00) | Fukuda 10' Nagai 31', 50' |
Report | Shahid 11' Ahmad 18'Khan 27', 35'Rana 53' |
Stadium: Azlan Shah Stadium |
2022 FIH Nations Cup
| 28 November Pool match | South Africa | 6-2 | Pakistan | Potchefstroom, South Africa |
| 15:00 SAST (UTC+02:00) | Dlungwana 9' M. Cassiem 26'Mvimbi 28'Kok 41'D. Cassiem 46'Horne 57' |
Report | Khan 14' Liaqat 51' |
Stadium: NWU Astro |
| 29 November Pool match | Ireland  | 1-3 | Pakistan | Potchefstroom, South Africa |
| 11:00 SAST (UTC+02:00) | Empey 18' Walker 32'O'Donoghue 50' |
Report | Shahid 17' |
Stadium: NWU Astro |
| 1 December Pool match | France  | 3-3 | Pakistan | Potchefstroom, South Africa |
| 11:00 SAST (UTC+02:00) | Van Straaten 12' Jouin 36'Charlet 58' |
Report | Rana 9' Hakeem 28'Ahmad 60' |
Stadium: NWU Astro |
| 2 December Crossover | Japan | 3-1 | Pakistan | Potchefstroom, South Africa |
| 11:15SAST (UTC+02:00) | Nagayoshi 27' Kawabe 47'Fukuda 54' |
Report | Rooman 48' |
Stadium: NWU Astro |
| 3 December Seventh place game | Pakistan | 5-4 | Canada | Potchefstroom, South Africa |
| 08:30 SAST (UTC+02:00) | Ahmad 3' Murtaza 7'Shahid 46'Rana 54'Bashir 58' |
Report | Davis 10' Scholfield 29'Johnston 48'Tardif 53' |
Stadium: NWU Astro |
2023
2023 Asian Champions trophy
| 3 august Pool stage | Pakistan | 1-3 | Malaysia | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
| 4 august Pool stage | South Korea | 1-1 | Pakistan | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
| 6 august Pool stage | Pakistan | 3-3 | Japan | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
| 7 august Pool stage | Pakistan | 2-1 | China | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
| 9 august Pool stage | India | 4-0 | Pakistan | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
| 12 august Fifth place | Pakistan | 6-1 | China | Chennai,India |
| Report | Stadium: Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium |
2023 Asian games
| 24 September Pool stage | Pakistan | 11-0 | Singapore  | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
| 26 September Pool stage | Pakistan | 5-2 | Bangladesh | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
| 28 September Pool stage | Pakistan | 18 - 2 | Uzbekistan  | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
| 30 September Pool stage | Pakistan | 2-10 | India | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
| 2 October Pool stage | Pakistan | 2-3 | Japan | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
| 6 October Fifth place | Pakistan | 5-2 | Malaysia | Hangzhou,China |
| Report | Stadium: Gonshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field |
Head-to-head record
Record last updated as of the following matches:
Pakistan vs Bangladesh at Jakarta, 2022 Hockey Asia Cup, 1 June 2022
| Won more matches than lost | |
| Won equal matches to lost | |
| Lost more matches than won |
| Opponent | GP | W | D | L | GF | GA | Win % | Last meeting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina |
34 | 21 | 3 | 10 | 108 | 58 | 61.76% | 2018 |
| Australia |
122 | 43 | 19 | 60 | 256 | 329 | 35.24% | 2018 |
| Bangladesh |
85 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 208 | 5 | 100% | 2022 |
 Belarus |
102 | 102 | 0 | 0 | 368 | 0 | 100% | 2000 |
| Belgium |
38 | 24 | 4 | 10 | 95 | 62 | 63.15% | 2018 |
| Canada |
29 | 21 | 4 | 4 | 89 | 46 | 72.41% | 2018 |
| China |
32 | 26 | 2 | 4 | 138 | 38 | 81.25% | 2017 |
 Chinese Taipei |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 100% | 2013 |
 Cuba |
2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0% | 1993 |
 Denmark |
142 | 142 | 0 | 0 | 796 | 0 | 100% | 2010 |
 East Germany |
3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 0% | 1968 |
| Egypt |
128 | 128 | 0 | 0 | 653 | 5 | 100% | 2010 |
| England |
36 | 15 | 8 | 13 | 81 | 79 | 41.66% | 2018 |
| France |
25 | 19 | 3 | 3 | 108 | 29 | 76% | 2015 |
| Germany |
125 | 47 | 18 | 60 | 248 | 281 | 37.6 | 2019 |
| Great Britain |
49 | 27 | 7 | 15 | 123 | 81 | 55.10% | 2015 |
 Hong Kong |
47 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 162 | 2 | 100% | 2010 |
| India |
174 | 82 | 26 | 66 | 396 | 352 | 47.12% | 2021 |
| Indonesia |
48 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 237 | 0 | 100% | 2022 |
| Iran |
92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 329 | 0 | 100% | 1995 |
| Ireland |
15 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 45 | 18 | 66.66% | 2017 |
| Italy |
4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 100% | 2009 |
| Japan |
58 | 42 | 9 | 7 | 211 | 58 | 73.68% | 2022 |
 Kazakhstan |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 100% | 2018 |
 Kenya |
52 | 33 | 12 | 7 | 126 | 37 | 63.46% | 1998 |
| Malaysia |
107 | 80 | 18 | 9 | 291 | 124 | 74.76% | 2018 |
| Nepal |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 100% | 1995 |
| Netherlands |
146 | 60 | 30 | 56 | 311 | 343 | 41.49% | 2019 |
| New Zealand |
55 | 37 | 7 | 11 | 179 | 100 | 67.27% | 2017 |
 Nigeria |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 3 | 100% | 2003 |
| Oman |
10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 74 | 10 | 88.88% | 2022 |
 Poland |
13 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 41 | 16 | 76.92% | 2015 |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Rhodesia |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 100% | 1968 |
 Russia |
72 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 291 | 2 | 100% | 2009 |
| Scotland |
5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 4 | 80% | 2017 |
| Singapore |
13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 76 | 7 | 100% | 2007 |
| South Africa |
14 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 59 | 23 | 78.57% | 2013 |
| South Korea |
71 | 38 | 12 | 21 | 214 | 134 | 53.52% | 2021 |
| Soviet Union |
17 | 14 | 1 | 2 | 59 | 20 | 82.35% | 1992 |
| Spain |
72 | 42 | 17 | 13 | 177 | 109 | 58.33% | 2012 |
| Sri Lanka |
91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 263 | 2 | 100% | 2016 |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Switzerland |
6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 29 | 14 | 83.33% | 2000 |
 Tanzania |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 100% | 1965 |
| Thailand |
6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 60 | 0 | 83.33% | 2018 |
 Trinidad and Tobago |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 100% | 2007 |
 Uganda |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 100% | 1972 |
 Ukraine |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 100% | 2007 |
| United States |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 100% | 1996 |
 Wales |
5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 3 | 80% | 2018 |
 Zimbabwe |
9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 4 | 100% | 1988 |
See also
References
- "Meet the men for the FIH's Athletes' Committee elections".
- "Who is the Drag Flick King, Sohail Abbas?". 24 September 2019.
- "FIH Outdoor World Hockey Rankings". FIH. 14 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- "Welcome to Pakistan Olympic Association". Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- "Asian Hockey Federation: About Us". Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- "Sport in Pakistan". Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- Khan, M. Ilyas (8 August 2012). "Pakistan's Olympic humiliation in national sport". BBC News. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
- "Most international hockey goals scored by an individual". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- Sen, Debayan (30 January 2019). "What's killing Pakistan hockey?". ESPN.com. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- Yaqoob, Mohammad (21 August 2023). "Major changes in hockey team management ahead of Asiad". Dawn. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
- Pakistan at the Asian Games Author: Ijaz Chaudhry. Retrieved 21 September 2014. The News on Sunday
- Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Hockey at the 1960 Roma Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
- Biographical encyclopedia of Pakistan: millennium 2000, 2001, p 184, Research Institute of Historiography, Biography and Philosophy – Pakistan.
- 1962 Asian Games hockey results
- Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Pakistan Hockey at the 1968 Ciudad de México Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
- "World Cup Hockey". Archived from the original on 14 June 2006. Retrieved 2 August 2006.
- "8TH ASIAN GAMES – BANGKOK (THAILAND) – 1978: Medals awarded to Pakistan". Pakistan Olympic Association. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016.
- Cousineau, Phil (2003). The Olympic Odyssey: Rekindling the True Spirit of the Great Games. Quest Books. p. 162. ISBN 0835608336.
- elmundodeportivo.es. "Previsualiza el ejemplar de Mundo Deportivo – Hemeroteca – elmundodeportivo.es". Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2009.
- "Hockey collapse". Dawn. Pakistan. 9 September 2008. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- Sport, Dawn (25 November 2010). "Pakistan wins hockey gold at Asian Games". Dawn. Pakistan. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- "World Cup disqualification a new low for Pakistan hockey". Dawn. 31 May 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- Ali, Syed Intikhab (8 December 2021). "Holland's Aikman to coach Pak hockey teams". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- "Conspicuously absent: Pakistan hockey's fall from glory". 15 January 2023.
- "World Stadiums – Stadiums in Pakistan". worldstadiums.com. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- "Dutch Ambassador visits National Hockey Stadium". The Nation. 7 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- "Olympic Games". fih.ch.
- "Hockey World Cup". fih.ch.
- "Pakistan Hockey Federation". Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- "Champions Trophy". fih.ch.
- "Pride of Pakistan: Sohail Abbas". ARY NEWS. 5 August 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
- "Pakistan Hockey Federation". 6 February 2003. Archived from the original on 6 February 2003. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- "Abbasi yet to score a goal in Asian Games". The News International. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
- "Meet the men for the FIH's Athletes' Committee elections | FIH". www.fih.ch. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
- "BHUTTA Umar at Hero Asian Champions Trophy Chennai 2023". International Hockey Federation. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
- "International Hockey Federation". International Hockey Federation. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
- "Hero Asian Champions Trophy Chennai 2023 Pakistan Men's Players". International Hockey Federation. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
External links
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| See also | |
