Caradrina

Caradrina
	Caradrina kadenii
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Noctuidae
Subtribe:	Caradrinina
Genus:	Caradrina; Ochsenheimer, 1816
Synonyms[1]
	Amphidrina Staudinger, [1892]; Platyperigea Smith, 1894; Platyperiga Smith, 1894; Eremodrina Boursin, 1937; Paradrina Boursin, 1937; Hymenodrina Boursin, 1937; Pseudophyllophila Berio, 1977; Boursinidrina Hacker, 2004; Kalchbergiana Hacker, 2004; Levantrina Hacker, 2004; Weigertrina Hacker, 2004;

Caradrina is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer in 1816. It is divided into eight subgenera,[2] including Paradrina and Platyperigea, which are treated as separate genera by some authors.

By 1989, about 189 described species were included in the genus.[3]

Description

Its eyes are naked and without lashes. The proboscis is well developed. Palpi upturned, where the second joint evenly clothed with hair. Thorax and abdomen tuftless. Tibia spineless. Cilia non-crenulate.[4]

Species

Caterpillar of genus Caradrina

Caradrina abruzzensis (Draudt, 1933)
Caradrina adriennea Hacker & Gyulai, 2004
Caradrina africarabica (Plante, 1998)
Caradrina afrotropicalis Hacker, 2004
Caradrina agenjoi (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina agrotina Staudinger, 1891
Caradrina alana Druce, 1890
Caradrina albina Eversmann, 1848
Caradrina aldegaitheri Wiltshire, 1986
Caradrina alfierii (Boursin, 1937)
Caradrina altissima Hacker, 2004
Caradrina ammoxantha Boursin, 1957
Caradrina amseli (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina armeniaca (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina asinina Saalmüller, 1891
Caradrina aspersa Rambur, 1834
Caradrina asymmetrica (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina atriluna Guenée, 1852
Caradrina atrostriga (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912)
Caradrina avis Pinker, 1979
Caradrina azim Boursin, 1957
Caradrina bactriana Boursin, 1967
Caradrina baltistana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina belucha Swinhoe, 1885
Caradrina beta (Barnes & Benjamin, 1926)
Caradrina bistrigata Bremer & Grey, 1853
Caradrina bodenheimeri Amsel, 1935
Caradrina boursini (Wagner, 1936)
Caradrina brandti (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina callicora (Le Cerf, 1922)
Caradrina camina (Smith, 1894)
Caradrina casearia Staudinger, [1900]
Caradrina chinensis Leech, 1900
Caradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763) – pale mottled willow
Caradrina conditorana Pinker, 1979
Caradrina danieli Rungs, 1950
Caradrina derogata (Walker, 1865)
Caradrina diabolica (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina didyma (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina distigma Chrétien, 1913
Caradrina distinctoides Poole, 1989 (syn. C. distincta (Barnes, 1928))
Caradrina doleropsis (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina draudti (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina dubitata (Maassen, 1890)
Caradrina dukei Krüger, 2005[5]
Caradrina eberti (Hacker, 1992)
Caradrina ectomelaena (Hampson, 1916)
Caradrina edentata (Berio, 1941)
Caradrina eremicola (Plante, 1998)
Caradrina eremocosma (Boursin, 1937)
Caradrina eucrinospila (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina eugraphis Janse, 1938
Caradrina eva Boursin, 1963
Caradrina expansa Alphéraky, 1897
Caradrina falciuncula (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
Caradrina fergana Staudinger, [1892]
Caradrina fibigeri Hacker, 2004
Caradrina filipjevi (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina flava Oberthür, 1876
Caradrina flavirena Guenée, 1852
Caradrina flavitincta (Hampson, 1909)
Caradrina fulvafusca Hacker, 2004
Caradrina furcivalva (Hacker, 1992)
Caradrina fuscicornis Rambur, 1832
Caradrina fuscifusa (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
Caradrina fuscomedia Hacker, 2004
Caradrina gandhara Hacker, 2004
Caradrina genitalana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina germainii (Duponchel, 1835)
Caradrina gilva (Donzel, 1837)
Caradrina glaucistis Hampson, 1902
Caradrina gyulaii Hacker, 2004
Caradrina hedychroa (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina hemipentha (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina heptarchia (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina himachala Hacker, 2004
Caradrina himaleyica Kollar, 1844
Caradrina hoenei Hacker & Kononenko, 2004
Caradrina hypocnephas Boursin, [1968]
Caradrina hypoleuca Boursin, [1968]
Caradrina hypostigma (Boursin, 1932)
Caradrina ibeasi (Fernandez, 1918)
Caradrina immaculata Motschulsky, 1860
Caradrina ingrata Staudinger, 1897
Caradrina inopinata Hacker, 2004
Caradrina intaminata (Walker, 1865)
Caradrina inumbrata (Staudinger, 1900)
Caradrina inumbratella Pinker, 1979
Caradrina isfahana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina jacobsi (Rothschild, 1914)
Caradrina kadenii Freyer, 1836 – Clancy's rustic
Caradrina kashmiriana Boursin, [1968]
Caradrina katherina Wiltshire, 1947
Caradrina kautti Hacker, 2004
Caradrina khorassana (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina klapperichi Boursin, 1957
Caradrina kravchenkoi Hacker, 2004
Caradrina lanzarotensis Pinker, 1962
Caradrina leucopis Hampson, 1902
Caradrina levantina Hacker, 2004
Caradrina likiangia (Berio, 1977)
Caradrina lobbichleri Boursin, 1970
Caradrina localis Wiltshire, 1986
Caradrina marginata Hacker, 2004
Caradrina melanosema (Hampson, 1914)
Caradrina melanura Alphéraky, 1897
Caradrina melanurina (Staudinger, 1901)
Caradrina mendica Maassen, 1890
Caradrina meralis Morrison, 1875
Caradrina merzbacheri Boursin, 1960
Caradrina minoica Hacker, 2004
Caradrina mirza Boursin, 1957
Caradrina mona (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912)
Caradrina monssacralis (Varga & Ronkay, 1991)
Caradrina montana Bremer, 1864 (syn. C. extima (Walker, 1865)) – civil rustic
Caradrina morosa Lederer, 1853
Caradrina morpheus (Hufnagel, 1766) – mottled rustic
Caradrina muelleri Hacker, 2004
Caradrina multifera Walker, [1857] – speckled rustic
Caradrina nadir Boursin, 1957
Caradrina naumanni Hacker, 2004
Caradrina nekrasovi Hacker, 2004
Caradrina noctivaga Bellier, 1863
Caradrina oberthuri (Rothschild, 1913)
Caradrina olivascens Hacker, 2004
Caradrina owgarra Bethune-Baker, 1908
Caradrina pallidula Saarmüller, 1891
Caradrina panurgia (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina parthica Hacker, 2004
Caradrina parvaspersa (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina persimilis (Rothschild, 1920)
Caradrina personata (Kuznetzov, 1958)
Caradrina pertinax Staudinger, 1878
Caradrina petraea Tengström, 1869
Caradrina pexicera (Hampson, 1909)
Caradrina phanosciera (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina poecila (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina prospera (Kuznetzov, 1958)
Caradrina proxima Rambur, 1837
Caradrina pseudadelpha (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina pseudagrotis (Hampson, 1918)
Caradrina pseudalpina (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina pseudocosma (Plante, 1998)
Caradrina pulvis (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina pushkara Hacker, 2004
Caradrina rebeli Staudinger, 1901
Caradrina rjabovi (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina ronkayrorum Hacker, 2004
Caradrina roxana (Boursin, 1937)
Caradrina rudebecki Krüger, 2005[5]
Caradrina salzi (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina sarhadica (Boursin, 1942)
Caradrina scotoptera (Püngeler, 1914)
Caradrina selini Boisduval, 1840
Caradrina senecai Hacker, 2004
Caradrina shugnana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina signa (D. S. Fletcher, 1961)
Caradrina singularis Hacker, 2004
Caradrina sinistra (Janse, 1938)
Caradrina sogdiana (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina soudanensis (Hampson, 1918)
Caradrina squalida Eversmann, 1842
Caradrina stenoeca Wiltshire, 1986
Caradrina stenoptera (Boursin, 1939)
Caradrina stilpna Boursin, 1957
Caradrina superciliata Wallengren, 1856
Caradrina surchica (Boursin, 1937)
Caradrina suscianja (Mentzer, 1981)
Caradrina syriaca Staudinger, [1892]
Caradrina tenebrata Hampson, 1902
Caradrina terrea Freyer, 1840
Caradrina tibetica (Draudt, 1950)
Caradrina tolima Maassen, 1890
Caradrina torpens Guenée, 1852
Caradrina transoxanica Hacker, 2004
Caradrina turatii (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina turbulenta (Warren, 1911)
Caradrina turcomana Hacker, 2004
Caradrina umbratilis (Draudt, 1933)
Caradrina vargai Hacker, 2004
Caradrina variolosa Motschulsky, 1860
Caradrina vicina Staudinger, 1870
Caradrina warneckei (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina wiltshirei (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina wullschlegeli Püngeler, 1903
Caradrina xanthopis (Hampson, 1909)
Caradrina xanthorhoda (Boursin, 1937)
Caradrina xiphophora Boursin, 1967
Caradrina zaghrobia Hacker, 2004
Caradrina zandi Wiltshire, 1952
Caradrina zernyi (Boursin, 1936)
Caradrina zuleika Boursin, 1957

References

Savela, Markku, ed. (May 30, 2020). "Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved October 10, 2020.
Kazemi, E. and A. Shirvani. (2012). A checklist of Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Lep.: Noctuidae, Xyleninae) of Iran. Archived May 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Natura Montenegrina, Podgorica 11(3) 443-53.
Pitkin, Brian; Jenkins, Paul (November 5, 2004). "Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816". Butterflies and Moths of the World. Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Hampson, G. F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Krüger, M. (2005). New genera and species of noctuid moths from Lesotho (Lepidoptera, Noctuidea: Noctuidae). African Entomology 13(1) 97–142.

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[1] Savela, Markku, ed. (May 30, 2020). "Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved October 10, 2020.

[iran-2] Kazemi, E. and A. Shirvani. (2012). A checklist of Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Lep.: Noctuidae, Xyleninae) of Iran. Archived May 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Natura Montenegrina, Podgorica 11(3) 443-53.

[nhm-3] Pitkin, Brian; Jenkins, Paul (November 5, 2004). "Caradrina Ochsenheimer, 1816". Butterflies and Moths of the World. Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved March 28, 2018.

[4] Hampson, G. F. (1894). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume II. Taylor and Francis – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

[kruger-5] Krüger, M. (2005). New genera and species of noctuid moths from Lesotho (Lepidoptera, Noctuidea: Noctuidae). African Entomology 13(1) 97–142.