Paralympic football
Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of association football for athletes with a physical disability. These sports are typically played using International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) rules, with modifications to the field of play, equipment, numbers of players, and other rules as required to make the game suitable for the athletes
The two most prominent versions of Paralympic football are 5-a-side football for athletes with visual impairments, and 7-a-side football for athletes with cerebral palsy.
Blind football (5-a-side)
5-a-side football, also known as blind futsal and blind football, is an adaptation of football for athletes with visual impairments including blindness. The sport, governed by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), is played with modified FIFA rules. The field of play is smaller, and is surrounded by boards. Teams are reduced to five players, including the goalkeeper, per team. Teams may also use one guide, who is positioned off the field of play, to assist in directing players. The ball is equipped with a noise-making device to allow players to locate it by sound. Matches consist of two 20-minute halves, with a ten-minute break at half-time.
![two Argentinian players and one from Brazil running after the ball or falling down](../I/Football_5_Parapan_2007_Final.jpg.webp)
Football 5-a-side players are assigned to one of three sport classes based on their level of visual impairment:
- B1 - Totally or almost totally blind; from no light perception up to light perception but inability to recognise the shape of a hand.
- B2 - Partially sighted; able to recognise the shape of a hand up to a visual acuity of 2/60 or a visual field of less than 5 degrees.
- B3 - Partially sighted; visual acuity from 2/60 to 6/60 or visual field from 5 to 20 degrees
Teams are permitted to use sighted athletes as goalkeepers and guides; sighted goalkeepers cannot have been registered with FIFA for at least five years.
Two types of competition exist. For Class B1 games, only athletes with sport class B1 are permitted as players, with the exception of the goalkeepers and the guides, who may be class B2, B3, or sighted. For Class B2/B3 games, teams can field players in sport classes B2 and B3; at least two B2 players must be on the field at all times.
5-a-side football in Europe was developed in Spain. The first Spanish national championships took place in Spain in 1986. In South America, there are records of a Brazilian Tournament organized in 1980. European and American Championships took place in 1997, followed by the first World Championships in 1998. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games in 2004.
IBSA Blind Football World Championships[1]
- Men's B1
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details |
![]() Campinas |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
6 | |||
2000 Details |
![]() Jerez |
![]() |
3–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
4–0 | ![]() |
8 | |||
2002 Details |
![]() Rio de Janeiro |
![]() |
4–2 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
9 | |||
2006 Details |
![]() Buenos Aires |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–1 | ![]() |
8 | |||
2010 Details |
![]() Hereford |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
10 | |||
2014 Details |
![]() Tokyo |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
0–0 (pen. 2–0) | ![]() |
12 | |||
2018 Details |
![]() Madrid |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–1 | ![]() |
16 |
- Men's B2/B3
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details |
![]() Campinas |
![]() |
3–2 | ![]() |
![]() |
9–2 | ![]() |
6 | |||
2002 Details |
![]() Varese |
![]() |
14–2 | ![]() |
![]() |
3–2 | ![]() |
12 | |||
2013 Details |
![]() Miyagi |
![]() |
1–0 (aet) | ![]() |
![]() |
14–0 | ![]() |
4 | |||
2017 Details |
![]() Cagliari |
![]() |
3–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–2 (pen. 2–1) | ![]() |
8 |
Blind Football at the IBSA World Games
Men's B1
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details |
![]() São Paulo |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
0–0(1-0 in Penalty) | ![]() |
4 | |||
2011 Details |
![]() Antalya |
![]() |
3–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
3–0 | ![]() |
7 | |||
2015 Details |
![]() Seoul |
![]() |
2–1 | ![]() |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
9 |
Men's B2/B3
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details |
![]() São Paulo |
![]() |
1–1(3-2 in Penalty) | ![]() |
![]() |
4–0 | ![]() |
4 | |||
2011 Details |
![]() Antalya |
![]() |
5–1 | ![]() |
![]() |
7–4 | ![]() |
9 | |||
2015 Details |
![]() Seoul |
![]() |
3–1 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–1 | ![]() |
5 |
IBSA Blind Football Asian Championships
Until 2017 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 Details |
![]() Ho Chi Minh City |
![]() |
Round Robin | ![]() |
![]() |
Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2007 Details |
![]() Seoul |
![]() |
3–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
4 | |||
2009 Details |
![]() Tokyo |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | ![]() |
5 | |||
2011 Details |
![]() Sendai |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
4 | |||
2013 Details |
![]() Beijing |
![]() |
0–0 (3-2 in Penalty) | ![]() |
![]() |
Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2015 Details |
![]() Tokyo |
![]() |
0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | ![]() |
![]() |
0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | ![]() |
6 | |||
2017 Details |
![]() Kuala Lumpur |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
2–0 | ![]() |
6 |
Blind Football at the Asian Para Games
Until 2014 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2010 Details |
![]() Guangzhou |
![]() |
1–0 | ![]() |
![]() |
0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | ![]() |
5 | |||
2014 Details |
![]() Incheon |
![]() |
Round Robin | ![]() |
![]() |
Round Robin | ![]() |
5 |
Cerebral palsy football (7-a-side)
7-a-side football is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. The sport is governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). The sport is played with modified FIFA rules. Among the modifications are a reduced field of play, a reduction in the number of players, elimination of the offside rule, and permission for one-handed throw-ins. Matches consist of two thirty-minute halves, with a fifteen-minute half-time break.
Players competing in 7-a-side football are given a sport class based on their level of disability. Eligible classes are:
- C5: Athletes with difficulties when walking and running, but not in standing or when kicking the ball.
- C6: Athletes with control and co-ordination problems of their upper limbs, especially when running.
- C7: Athletes with hemiplegia.
- C8: Minimally disabled athletes; they must meet eligibility criteria and have an obvious impairment that has impact on the sport of football.
Teams must field at least one class C5 or C6 player at all times. No more than one players of class C8 are permitted to play at the same time.
International competition in 7-a-side football began at the 1978 CP-ISRA International Games in Edinburgh, Scotland. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in New York City, U.S., and has been played at every Summer Games until 2016 Summer Paralympics.
World CP Football Championships
Year | Host | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | Ref. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPISRA tournaments | |||||||||||||
1990 Details |
![]() Assen (WC) |
![]() Netherlands |
5–0 | ![]() Ireland |
![]() Belgium |
no information available2 | 5 | [2][3] | |||||
1994 Details |
![]() Dublin (WC) |
![]() Netherlands |
2–0 | ![]() Ireland |
![]() Belgium |
3 | ![]() Spain |
[2][3] | |||||
1998 Details |
![]() Rio de Janeiro (WC) |
![]() Russia |
3–1 | ![]() Ukraine |
![]() Brazil |
3–2 | ![]() Spain |
11 | [2] | ||||
2003 Details |
![]() Buenos Aires (WC) |
![]() Ukraine |
3–1 | ![]() Brazil |
![]() Russia |
2–1 | ![]() Argentina |
[2] | |||||
2007 Details |
![]() Rio de Janeiro (WC) |
![]() Russia |
2–1 | ![]() Iran |
![]() Ukraine |
2–0 | ![]() Brazil |
16 | [2][4] | ||||
2011 Details |
![]() Assen, Emmen, Hoogeveen (WC) |
![]() Russia |
6–1 | ![]() Iran |
![]() Ukraine |
8–3 | ![]() Brazil |
16 | [2][5] | ||||
IFCPF tournaments | |||||||||||||
2015 Details |
![]() Burton-upon-Trent (WC) |
![]() Russia |
1–0 | ![]() Ukraine |
![]() Brazil |
6–0 | ![]() Netherlands |
16 | [2][6] | ||||
2017 Details |
![]() San Luis (WC) |
![]() Ukraine |
1–0 | ![]() Iran |
![]() Russia |
2–0 | ![]() England |
16 | [7] | ||||
2019 Details |
![]() Seville (Cup) |
![]() Russia |
3–1 | ![]() Ukraine |
![]() Brazil |
4–1 | ![]() England |
16 | [8] | ||||
2022 Details |
![]() Salou (Cup) |
![]() Ukraine |
1–0 | ![]() Iran |
![]() Brazil |
2–0 | ![]() United States |
15 | [9][10] |
- 2 = There is no information on the homepage of the IFCPF
- 3 = no score found
- a.e.t.: after extra time
- p: after penalty shoot-out
References
- "Football - Results". IBSA. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021.
- "History of CP Football". ifcpf.com. International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
- "CP voetbal, interlands, overzicht". cpvoetbal.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2017-07-31. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
- "2007 CPISRA Football 7-a-side World Championships". ande.org.br. 2007-12-19. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - "2011 CPISRA Football 7-a-side World Championships". wkcp.nl. 2012-07-19. Archived from the original on 2012-05-22. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - "2015 CP football world championships England 2015". cp2015.com. 2013-12-18. Archived from the original on 2016-04-05. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - "IFCPF CP Football World Championships, San Luis, Argentina, 4-24 September 2017". ifcpf.com. International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football. Retrieved 2017-09-24.
- "Results".
- "Tournaments - CP Football".
- "Tournaments - CP Football".