Philip of Milly

Philip was the son of Guy of Milly, a knight of French origin,[1] who witnessed a dozen of royal charters in the Kingdom of Jerusalem between 1108 and 1126.[2][3] Guy held fiefs in the royal demesne around Nablus and Jerusalem.[4][5] Guy's wife was a Flemish noblewoman, Stephanie, according to the late 13th-century Lignages d'Outremer.[4] The same source stated that Philip was his parents' eldest son, but the sobriquet of his brother, Guy—Francigena (or "born in France")—implies that Guy was Philip's elder brother, born before their parents come to the Holy Land.[2][3] The Lignages d'Outremer also claimed that Philip was a nephew of Pagan the Butler, but no other primary source refers to Pagan as Philip's uncle.[6]

The date of Guy's death is unknown, but he was most probably still alive in the early 1130s.[5] Philip inherited his father's estates around Nablus.[5] He married a noblewoman, Isabella, before 1144.[5] Her name is the only known fact about her,[7] but Steven Runciman writes that she was a niece of Pagan the Butler.[8]

Philip first appeared in a royal charter in 1138.[5] He and his brothers are absent from the lists of witnesses of royal charters in the 1130s. Their absence shows that they could not secure their father's position during the reign of King Fulk,[9] who seized the throne through his marriage with Queen Melisende and appointed his own men to the most important offices.[9]

Philip joined the military order of the Knights Templar in January 1166, passing on to them a significant part of Oultrejordain, including the castle of Ahamant.[7] Acting against the decision of the Templars, Philip joined Amalric's invasion of Egypt in 1167. The Ibelin family later recalled an event during the siege of Bilbeis, in which Philip saved the life of Hugh of Ibelin, who had broken his leg when his horse fell in a ditch.[16] The Templars as a whole refused to support Amalric's invasion, and the king blamed them for the failure of the expedition. After the death of their Grand Master Bertrand de Blanchefort in January 1169, Amalric pressured them to elect Philip in his place in August of that year. With the election of Philip, Amalric regained Templar support for the invasion of Egypt, although by the end of the year Amalric was forced to retreat.[17]

For unknown reasons Philip resigned as Grand Master in 1171, and was succeeded by Odo de St Amand. Philip accompanied Amalric to Constantinople as ambassador to the Byzantine Empire in order to restore good relations with them after the failure of the Egyptian invasion. He probably died on April 3, before reaching Constantinople.[18]

Philip's personal life is largely a mystery. William of Tyre describes him as one of the "brave men, valiant in arms and trained from their earliest years in the art of war" who accompanied Amalric to Egypt.,[19] Sometime after he became lord of Oultrejordain, he made a pilgrimage to the monastery of Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai.[20] With his wife Isabella he had a son, Rainier (who predeceased him), and two daughters, Helena and Stephanie.[21] Isabella died probably in 1166, which may have led to Philip's decision to take vows as a brother of the Knights Templar.[20] His lands were inherited by his elder daughter, Helena, wife of Walter III Brisebarre, lord of Beirut, and after Walter's death, by Stephanie and her husbands.[22]