Pipa (frog)

Pipa
	Gray Pipa pipa under driftwood
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Pipidae
Genus:	Pipa; Laurenti, 1768
Type species
	Pipa pipa; Linnaeus, 1758
Species
	Pipa arrabali; Pipa aspera; Pipa carvalhoi; Pipa myersi; Pipa parva; Pipa pipa; Pipa snethlageae

Suriname toads are members of the frog genus Pipa, within the family Pipidae.[1][2][3] They are native to northern South America and extreme southern Central America (Panama).[1] Like other pipids, these frogs are almost exclusively aquatic.

Species

There are seven recognized species:[1][2]

Pipa arrabali Izecksohn, 1976 – Arrabal's Surinam toad
Pipa aspera Müller, 1924 – Albina Surinam toad
Pipa carvalhoi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937) – Carvalho's Surinam toad
Pipa myersi Trueb, 1984 – Myers' Surinam toad
Pipa parva Ruthven and Gaige, 1923 – Sabana Surinam toad
Pipa pipa (Linnaeus, 1758) – Surinam toad
Pipa snethlageae Müller, 1914 – Utinga Surinam toad

In addition, Pipa verrucosa Wiegmann, 1832 is included here incertae sedis.[1]

Ecology and Behavior

Life Cycle

During reproduction the female Pipa frog will rise to the surface of the water with the male and after a series of movements the male fertilizes the eggs of the female. The male then places the eggs on the females back with its feet. The female Pipa frog will then incubate the eggs in the dorsal (its back). The tadpoles then develop in the dorsal of the female.

References

Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Pipa Laurenti, 1768". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
"Pipidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
Trueb, L. & DC Cannatella (1986). "Systematics, morphology and phylogeny of genus Pipa (Anura: Pipidae)". Herpetologica. 42 (4): 412–449. JSTOR 3892485.

[1]

External links

Data related to Pipa at Wikispecies
Media related to Pipa at Wikimedia Commons
YouTube footage of Surinam toads emerging

Fouquet, Cornuault (2022). "Diversity, biogeography, and reproductive evolution in the genus Pipa (Amphibia: Anura: Pipidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 170: 107442. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107442. PMID 35192920. S2CID 247000385.

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[frost-1] Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Pipa Laurenti, 1768". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 7 June 2014.

[AmphibiaWeb-2] "Pipidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2014.

[3] Trueb, L. & DC Cannatella (1986). "Systematics, morphology and phylogeny of genus Pipa (Anura: Pipidae)". Herpetologica. 42 (4): 412–449. JSTOR 3892485.

[4] Fouquet, Cornuault (2022). "Diversity, biogeography, and reproductive evolution in the genus Pipa (Amphibia: Anura: Pipidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 170: 107442. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107442. PMID 35192920. S2CID 247000385.