Pisaura
Pisaura is a genus of Eurasian spiders in the family Pisauridae.[1]
| Pisaura | |
|---|---|
 | |
| P. mirabilis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Pisauridae |
| Genus: | Pisaura Simon, 1886[1] |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
| Diversity | |
| 13 species | |
Description
Pisaura (at least the European species) vary in colouration from yellow and bright brown to mostly red-brown and grey or black. A distinct, bright stripe runs down the middle of the prosoma. The opisthosoma is long, slender and tapering posteriorly. On the dorsal surface of the opisthosoma is a wide, jagged stripe with dark margins. The posterior cheliceral furrow margin has two or three teeth.[2]
Ecology
Spiders of this genus are hunters on the ground or on vegetation.[3]
Taxonomy
The genus name Pisaura was first published by Eugène Simon in 1886.[1][4] In 1757, Carl Alexander Clerck had described a species of spider under the name Araneus mirabilis; later authors placed the species either in Dolomedes or more usually in Ocyale. Simon stated that the type species of Ocyale was entirely different from "Ocyale mirabilis", so placed the species in a new genus as Pisaura mirabilis.[4][5] In the same publication, Simon also described Pisaura valida,[4] later placed in Afropisaura as Afropisaura valida.[6]
Species
As of June 2017, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]
- Pisaura acoreensis Wunderlich, 1992 – Azores
- Pisaura anahitiformis Kishida, 1910 – Japan
- Pisaura ancora Paik, 1969 – Russia, China, Korea
- Pisaura bicornis Zhang & Song, 1992 – China, Japan
- Pisaura consocia (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Turkey, Israel, Lebanon, Syria
- Pisaura lama Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Russia, China, Korea, Japan
- Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1757) (type species) – Palearctic
- Pisaura novicia (L. Koch, 1878) – Mediterranean to Central Asia
- Pisaura orientalis Kulczyński, 1913 – Mediterranean
- Pisaura podilensis Patel & Reddy, 1990 – India
- Pisaura quadrilineata (Lucas, 1838) – Canary Is., Madeira
- Pisaura sublama Zhang, 2000 – China
- Pisaura swamii Patel, 1987 – India
Gallery
Pisaura sp. female, Italy
Pisaura cf mirabilis male, Italy
Pisaura mirabilis diagram
References
- "Gen. Pisaura Simon, 1886", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2017-06-01
- "araneae - Pisauridae". araneae.nmbe.ch. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
- Jäger, Peter (2011-09-30). "Revision of the spider genera Nilus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876, Sphedanus Thorell 1877 and Dendrolycosa Doleschall 1859 (Araneae: Pisauridae)". Zootaxa. 3046 (1): 1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3046.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
- Simon, E. (1886), "Etudes arachnologiques. 18e Mémoire. XXVI. Matériaux pour servir à la faune des Arachnides du Sénégal", Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (in French and Latin), 6: 345–396, p. 354. The paper relates to a meeting held in November 1885 but not published until March 1886.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - "Taxon details Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1997)", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2017-06-02
- Blandin, P. (1976), "Etudes sur les Pisauridae africaines VI. Définition des genres Pisaura Simon, 1885, Pisaurellus Roewer, 1961, Afropisaura n. gen. et mise au point sur les espèces des genres Afropisaura and Pisaurellus (Araneae - Pisauridae - Pisaurinae)", Revue Zoologique Africaine, 90: 917–939
Further reading
- Blandin, P. (1976) Etudes sur les Pisauridae africaines VI. Définition des genres Pisaura Simon, 1885, Pisaurellus Roewer,1961, Afropisaura n. gen. et mise au point sur les espèces des genres Afropisaura and Pisaurellus (Araneae - Pisauridae -Pisaurinae). Revue de Zoologie africaine, 90, 917–939.