List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes

This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.

DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, in 1995. In 1996 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was the first eukaryote genome sequence to be released and in 1998 the first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, was released.

Protists

Following are the nine earliest sequenced genomes of protists. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced protist genomes.

OrganismTypeRelevanceGenome sizeNumber of genes predictedOrganizationYear of completion
Guillardia theta Cryptomonad Model organism 0.551 Mb
(nucleomorph genome only)		 465,[1] 513, 598 (UniProt) Canadian Institute of Advanced Research, Philipps-University Marburg and the University of British Columbia 2001[1]
Plasmodium falciparum
Clone:3D7		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen (malaria) 22.9 Mb 5,268[2] Malaria Genome Project Consortium 2002[2]
Plasmodium yoelii yoelii
Strain:17XNL		 Apicomplexan Rodent pathogen (malaria) 23.1 Mb 5,878[3] TIGR and NMRC 2002[3]
Cryptosporidium hominis
Strain:TU502		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen 10.4 Mb 3,994[4] Virginia Commonwealth University 2004[4]
Cryptosporidium parvum
C- or genotype 2 isolate		 Apicomplexan Human pathogen 16.5 Mb 3,807[5] UCSF and University of Minnesota 2004[5]
Thalassiosira pseudonana
Strain:CCMP 1335		 Diatom Model organism 34.5 Mb 11,242[6] Joint Genome Institute and the University of Washington 2004[6]
Trypanosoma cruzi
Strain:CL-Brener		 Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 67 Mb 22,570[7] The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) and Karolinska Institutet (KI) and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI) 2005[7]
Trypanosoma brucei
Clone:TREU 927/4		 Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 26 Mb 9,068[8] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) 2005[8]
Leishmania major
Strain: Friedlin		 Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 32.8 Mb 8,272[9] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI) 2005[9]

Plants

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of plants. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced plant genomes.

OrganismTypeRelevanceGenome sizeNumber of chromosomesNumber of genes predictedOrganizationYear of completion
Arabidopsis thaliana
Ecotype:Columbia		 Wild mustard Thale Cress Model plant 135 Mb[10] 5 25,498,[11] 27,400,[12] 31,670 (UniProt) Arabidopsis Genome Initiative[13] 2000[11]
Cyanidioschyzon merolae
Strain:10D		 Red algae Simple eukaryote 16.5 Mb 20 5,331[14] University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University 2004[14]
Oryza sativa
ssp indica		 Rice Crop and model organism 420 Mb 12 32-50,000[15] Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2002[15]
Ostreococcus tauri Green algae Simple eukaryote, small genome 12.6 Mb 7,969 (UniProt) Laboratoire Arago 2006[16]
Populus trichocarpa Balsam poplar or Black Cottonwood Carbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana 550 Mb 19 45,555[17] The International Poplar Genome Consortium 2006[17]

Fungi

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of fungi. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced fungi genomes.

OrganismTypeRelevanceGenome sizeNumber of genes predictedOrganizationYear of completion
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Strain:S288C		 Saccharomycetes Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote 12.1 Mb 6,294[18] International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing[19] 1996[18]
Encephalitozoon cuniculi Microsporidium Human pathogen 2.9 Mb 1,997[20] Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal 2001[20]
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Strain:972h-		 Schizosaccharomycetes Model eukaryote 14 Mb 4,824[21] Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2002[21]
Neurospora crassa Sordariomycetes Model eukaryote 40 Mb 10,082[22] Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas 2003[22]
Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Strain:RP78 		Agaricomycetes Wood rotting fungus, use in mycoremediation 30 Mb 11,777[23] Joint Genome Institute 2004[23]

Animals

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of animals. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced animal genomes.

OrganismTypeRelevanceGenome sizeNumber of genes predictedOrganizationYear of completion
Caenorhabditis elegans
Strain:Bristol N2		 Nematode Model animal 100 Mb 19,000[24] Washington University and the Sanger Institute 1998[24]
Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly Model animal 165 Mb 13,600[25] Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP 2000[25]
Anopheles gambiae
Strain: PEST		 Mosquito Vector of malaria 278 Mb 13,683[26] Celera Genomics and Genoscope 2002[26]
Takifugu rubripes Puffer fish Vertebrate with small genome 390 Mb 22–29,000[27] International Fugu Genome Consortium[28] 2002[29]
Homo sapiens Human 3.2 Gb[30] 18,826 (CCDS consortium) Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera Genomics Draft 2001[31][32]
Complete 2006[33]

See also

References
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