Poecilochroa

Poecilochroa is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1874.[2]

Poecilochroa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Gnaphosidae
Genus: Poecilochroa
Westring, 1874[1]
Type species
P. variana
(C. L. Koch, 1839)
Species

39, see text

Description

As Gnaphosidae, Poecilochroa have large cylindrical spinnerets. They are nocturnal, spending the day in silken retreats and going out at night to hunt.[3]

Poecilochroa are divided into two gnaphosid groups based on their abdomen colouration: those with plain abdomens are in the Echemus group, while those with black and white abdomen are in the Herpyllus group. Males of both groups have well-developed dorsal scuta.[4]

Habitat

Poecilochroa occur in various habitats including on and under stones and dead leaves, on vegetation, in steppes, grasslands, dry fields, stream beds and forest floors.[5][6]

Species

As of May 2019 it contains thirty-nine species and one subspecies:[1]

  • Poecilochroa albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) – Western Mediterranean
  • Poecilochroa alcala Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa anomala (Hewitt, 1915) – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa antineae Fage, 1929 – Mali
  • Poecilochroa barmani Tikader, 1982 – India
  • Poecilochroa behni Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)
  • Poecilochroa bifasciata Banks, 1902 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.)
  • Poecilochroa capensis Strand, 1909 – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa carinata Caporiacco, 1947 – Uganda
  • Poecilochroa dayamibrookiana Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa devendrai Gajbe & Rane, 1985 – India
  • Poecilochroa faradjensis Lessert, 1929 – Congo
  • Poecilochroa furcata Simon, 1914 – France, Italy, Greece
  • Poecilochroa golan Levy, 1999 – Israel
  • Poecilochroa haplostyla Simon, 1907 – São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Poecilochroa incompta (Pavesi, 1880) – Tunisia
  • Poecilochroa insularis Kulczyński, 1911 – Indonesia (Java)
  • Poecilochroa involuta Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa joreungensis Paik, 1992 – Korea
  • Poecilochroa latefasciata Simon, 1893 – Peru
  • Poecilochroa loricata Kritscher, 1996 – Malta
  • Poecilochroa malagassa Strand, 1907 – Madagascar
  • Poecilochroa parangunifasciata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa patricia (Simon, 1878) – France (Corsica)
  • Poecilochroa pauciaculeis Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
  • Poecilochroa perversa Simon, 1914 – France
  • Poecilochroa phyllobia (Thorell, 1871) – Italy
  • Poecilochroa pugnax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – Libya, Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel
  • Poecilochroa rollini Berland, 1933 – French Polynesia (Marquesas Is., Tuamotu)
  • Poecilochroa sedula (Simon, 1897) – India
  • Poecilochroa senilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – France (Corsica) to Turkmenistan
    • Poecilochroa s. auspex (Simon, 1878) – Spain, France
  • Poecilochroa taborensis Levy, 1999 – Israel, Cyprus, Greece, Portugal
  • Poecilochroa taeguensis Paik, 1992 – Korea
  • Poecilochroa tikaderi Patel, 1989 – India
  • Poecilochroa tridotus Caleb & Mathai, 2013 – India
  • Poecilochroa trifasciata Mello-Leitão, 1918 – Brazil
  • Poecilochroa variana (C. L. Koch, 1839) (type) – Europe to Central Asia
  • Poecilochroa viduata (Pavesi, 1883) – Ethiopia
  • Poecilochroa vittata Kulczyński, 1911 – Indonesia (Java)

References
  1. Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2019). "Gen. Poecilochroa Westring, 1874". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
  2. Westring, N. (1874). "Bemerkungen über die Arachnologischen Abhandlungen von Dr T. Thorell unter dem Titel: 1°, On European Spiders, pts 1 et 2, Upsala, 1869-70. 2°, Remarks on Synonyms of European Spiders, Upsala, 1872-73". Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhälles Handlingar. 14: 1–68.
  3. "Flat-bellied ground spiders, Gnaphosidae". ednieuw.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
  4. Chatzaki, J. Lissner M. (2016-01-01). First records of Poecilochroa taborensis Levy, 1999 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Greece and Cyprus with notes on some closely related species. OCLC 1248842562.
  5. Bayram, Abdullah; Varol, M. İsmail (2003). "On Poecilochroa variana , recently collected in Turkey for the first time (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)". Zoology in the Middle East. 30 (1): 101–104. doi:10.1080/09397140.2003.10637994. ISSN 0939-7140. S2CID 84776303.
  6. Alioua, Youcef; Bosmans, Robert (May 2020). "Poecilochroa senilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) recorded for the first time in Algeria and Morocco, with the proposition of a new synonym". The Arachnological Bulletin of the Middle East and North Africa. 17 (2): 121–126.


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