Port of Manila

The Port of Manila (Filipino: Pantalan ng Maynila) refers to the collective facilities and terminals that process maritime trade function in harbors in Metro Manila. Located in the Port Area and Tondo districts of Manila, Philippines, facing Manila Bay, it is the largest and the premier international shipping gateway to the country. The Philippine Ports Authority, a government-owned corporation, manages the Port of Manila and most of the public ports in the country. It is composed of 3 major facilities, namely Manila North Harbor, Manila South Harbor, and the Manila International Container Terminal.

For the district of Manila, see Port Area, Manila.

Port of Manila
Pantalan ng Maynila
Aerial view of the Manila International Container Terminal and Manila North Harbor
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Location
CountryPhilippines
LocationPort Area and Tondo, Manila
Coordinates14°35′48″N 120°57′16″E
UN/LOCODEPHMNL[1]
Details
Opened12th century
Operated byPhilippine Ports Authority
Owned byGovernment of Manila
Type of harbourNatural/Artificial
Land area137.5 hectares (340 acres)
No. of berths22
No. of piers12
Statistics
Vessel arrivals20,828(2012)[2]
Annual cargo tonnage75,058,855(2012)[2]
Annual container volume4,523,339 TEU(2016)[3]
Passenger traffic72,438,609(2017)[2]
Website
www.ppa.com.ph

History
See also: History of the Philippines
Aerial view of Piers #1, #3, #5 and #7 in 1931

Trade in Manila Bay dates at least ninth to twelfth centuries when Manila traded with neighboring countries including China and Japan, with ties to India through the areas that are now Malaysia and Indonesia.[4] During the Spanish Colonial Era of the Philippines Manila handled trade with China and other East Asian countries, with Mexico, with Arab countries, and directly with Spain from the 16th to mid-19th century when the port was opened to all trade. This was the galleon trade that connected the Philippines to Spain via Mexico, another Spanish territory. From the end of the galleon trade, through the American Colonial Era of the Philippines and Philippine independence, until today, the Port of Manila has been the main port of the Philippines for both domestic and international trade.

The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via Singapore towards the southern tip of India, to Mombasa, then through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean with its connections to Central and Eastern Europe.[5][6]

Location

The entrance to Manila Bay is 19 kilometers (12 mi) wide and expands to a width of 48 kilometers (30 mi). Mariveles, in the province of Bataan, is an anchorage just inside the northern entrance, and Sangley Point is the former location of Cavite Naval Base. On either side of the bay are volcanic peaks topped with tropical foliage. 40 kilometers (25 mi) to the north is the Bataan Peninsula and to the south is the province of Cavite.

Facilities
The skyline of Manila as seen from the top of a ship docked at the Manila North Harbor.

Manila North Harbor
Northport Passenger Terminal

Manila North Harbor (seaport code:MNN),[7] occupies a 53-hectare (130-acre) area in Tondo, Manila and is operated by the Manila North Harbour Port Inc., a subsidiary of International Container Terminal Services Inc. It has 7 piers (numbered with even numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14). North Harbor is accessible through Mel Lopez Boulevard (Radial Road 10).

The North Port Passenger Terminal, opened in 2013, can accommodate 2–3 million passengers sailing on inter-island ferries to cities throughout the archipelago.[8][9] It is the main hub of 2GO ferry company, the largest inter-island ferry company in the Philippines.

Statistics
YearCargo TonnageContainer VolumePassengers
2010[10]17,207,75116,146,329821,983
2011[11]17,806,13618,442,473728,662
2012[12]19,402,01119,174,424766,942

Manila South Harbor
The Eva Macapagal Super Terminal.

Manila South Harbor (seaport code:MNS),[7] is a 80-hectare (200-acre) port facility located in Port Area, Manila operated by Asian Terminals Incorporated, with 5 piers numbered with odd-numbers 3, 5, 9, 13 and 15. It is accessible through Bonifacio Drive/Radial Road 1 and has a passenger terminal located between Pier 13 and 15 namely Eva Macapagal Super Terminal. It was formerly the main hub of 2GO ferry company. As of April 29, 2014, the management has installed a new Liebherr quay crane to increase the efficiency of Manila South Harbor.[13]

Statistics
YearCargo TonnageContainer VolumePassengers
2010[14]40,816,71612,958,5251,004,780
2011[15]44,067,82612,612,780816,839
2012[16]40,317,70211,130,626161,500

Manila International Container Terminal
Landsat view of the Container Terminal
Cranes at the Manila International Container Terminal

Manila International Container Terminal (seaport code:MNL)[7] is operated by International Container Terminal Services Inc. It is one of Asia's major seaports and one of the Philippines' most active ports. It is located between the Manila North Harbor and the Manila South Harbor and can be accessed by road through MICT South Access Road.

In 2019, Manila International Container Terminal ranked 29th in the list of world's busiest container ports with Twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) of 5,315.[17] Inaugurated on July 7, 2012, Berth 6 became fully operational and increased the Port's annual capacity by 450,000 TEUs.[18]

Statistics
YearNumber of VesselCargo TonnageContainer Volume
2010[19]1,94232,225,79518,266,554
2011[20]1,94134,377,12918,689,936
2012[21]1,86234,345,05919,966,465

Future plans

It has been suggested by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) on the 2014 study Metro Manila Dream Plan to place a cap for the expansion of Manila seaports, shifting cargo-handling operations to the ports of Subic Bay and Batangas, and to eventually redevelop the port area into high value-added diversified waterfront area. However, the government has yet to implement the suggestion.[22]

With Berth 6 in operation, ICTSI is scheduled to finish Phase 1 development of Yard 7 by yearend and increase MICT's import capacity by 18 percent.[23]

South of Metro Manila, ICTSI's Laguna Gateway Inland Container Terminal (LGICT) has finished its Phase 1 development. The inland container depot (ICD),[24] which serves as an extension of the MICT, adds 250,000 TEUs to MICT's annual capacity. It will be connected to Manila through the revival of the Manila-Calamba cargo intermodal system, which ceased operations in 2000 due to lower demand.[25]

Transportation and infrastructure connections

Buses

Port of Manila is directly served by city operation buses plying the route of Mel Lopez Boulevard, Bonifacio Drive, and Roxas Boulevard. These directly connect the Port to Ninoy Aquino International Airport, Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange, Navotas, and Balagtas, Bulacan, respectively.

Access to/from the NLEX

The NLEX Harbor Link, an expressway that connects with the main line North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) at the Harbor Link Interchange in Valenzuela up to Radial Road 10 (R-10) in Navotas, serves as an alternative road to the Manila North Harbor especially for the cargo trucks entering the port coming from Northern and Central Luzon, without a truck ban, and also eases traffic congestion at Andres Bonifacio Avenue and 5th Avenue.

Pier 4 LRT station
Main article: Pier 4 station

The Pier 4 station is the future western terminus of Manila Light Rail Transit System Line 2 (LRT-2). It will be constructed near the North Port Passenger Terminal located at Pier 4 of Manila North Harbor along Mel Lopez Boulevard. The west extension of LRT-2 will also serve as a rail transport connection to the Port of Manila.

North-South Harbor Bridge
Main article: North-South Harbor Bridge

The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) is also proposing to construct a bridge crossing the Pasig River between North Harbor and South Harbor.

A proposed expressway in NLEX–CAVITEX Port Expressway Link or Harbor Link Port Access Mobility Facility is being planned to connect the existing Navotas Interchange of NLEX Harbor Link to Manila–Cavite Expressway (CAVITEX) or Anda Circle, respectively.[26][27][28] It will run above the existing alignment of Mel Lopez Boulevard.

See also

References
  1. "UNLOCODE (PH) – PHILIPPINES". service.unece.org. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  2. "Port Statistics". Archived from the original on August 9, 2014. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  3. "The CIA World Factbook – Philippines". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
  4. Philippines, The. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001–07 Archived July 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  5. China Bypasses Philippines in Its Proposed ‘Maritime Silk Road’
  6. Belt and Road benefits the Philippines
  7. Seaport Codes and Information
  8. Almonte, Liza (October 10, 2013). "After passenger terminal Manila North Harbour turns to work on container facility". PortCalls Asia. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  9. Amojelar, Darwin G. (October 9, 2013). "Manila North Harbor operator spending another P5 billion to expand terminal". InterAksyon. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  10. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. "ATI deploys new quay crane to Manila South Harbor". The Manila Times. April 29, 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  14. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. https://lloydslist.maritimeintelligence.informa.com/one-hundred-container-ports-2020
  18. "President Aquino inaugurates Berth 6 of ICTSI Manila flagship". The Shipping Tribune. June 28, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  19. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  20. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  22. Main Points of the Roadmap (PDF) (Report). Japan International Cooperation Agency. September 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2014.
  23. "MICT to complete first port expansion phase by end of 2015 - IHS Maritime 360". Archived from the original on October 16, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
  24. "ICTSI setting aside $300M for Laguna depot, MICT". BusinessMirror. October 7, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  25. "ICTSI to revive Manila-Calamba cargo train". Malaya Business Insight. August 14, 2014. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  26. Mercurio, Richmond (March 2, 2020). "NLEX keen on Port Expressway Link project". The Philippine Star. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  27. Mercurio, Richmond (February 14, 2020). "Construction to start soon on Harbor Link extension". The Philippine Star. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  28. "NLEX-Cavitex Port Expressway Link". Department of Public Works and Highways. Retrieved December 13, 2020.

Further reading
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