Prince Yeongpyeong

Prince Yeongpyeong (Hangul: 영평군, Hanja: 永平君; 30 August 1828 – 1 February 1902[lower-alpha 1]), personal name Yi Gyeong-eung (Hangul: 이경응; Hanja: 李景應), was a member of the Royal Jeonju Yi clan, as the second son of Grand Internal Prince Jeongye, and the second eldest half-brother of Cheoljong of Joseon. He was the last surviving great-great-grandson of Yeongjo of Joseon.[lower-alpha 2]

Prince Yeongpyeong
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYeongpyeong Gun
McCune–ReischauerYŏngpyŏng Gun
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationYi Gyeongeung
McCune–ReischauerI Kyŏngŭng
Posthumous name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHyojeong
McCune–ReischauerH'yoch'ŏng

Biography

The future Prince Yeongpyeong was born on August 20, 1828 (on the 20th day of the 7th month in Lunar calendar), as the second son of Yi Gwang (Jeongye Daewongun), by one of his concubines, Lady Yi. He was born as Yi Won-hui (Hangul: 이원희; Hanja: 李元羲) and a commoner.

In 1844, because of Min Jin-yong's plot, he was exiled to Ganghwa Island along with his younger half-brother (the future King Cheoljong of Joseon).[1]

After Cheoljong ascended to the throne in 1849, Yi Won-hui was renamed Yi Uk (이욱; 李昱) and received the royal title, Prince Yeongpyeong.[2] Throughout the reign of Cheoljong, Prince Yeongpyeong remained childless despite marrying twice.[3][4]

King Cheoljong died in 1864 and was succeeded by King Gojong. In that same year, Yi Sun-dal (later renamed Yi Jae-sun) was chosen to be the heir of Prince Yeongpyeong, who was a key member of Jeongye Daewongun's family, but suffered from a chronic disease and had no male heir.[5][6] In 1868, there was an order requiring all descendants of Deokheung Daewongun (whose son ascended to the throne in 1567, known as Seonjo of Joseon), one of the closest relatives to the Royal Family, to rename, based on a unified sequence of generation name used in the said cadet branch; therefore, Prince Yeongpyeong was renamed again to Yi Gyeong-eung (이경응; 李景應).[7][8]

He also hosted two royal weddings: firstly, for Princess Yeonghye (his niece, daughter of Cheoljong), in 1872, and secondly, for Yi Kang, Prince Uihwa (5th son of Gojong), in 1893.[9][10]

Yi Jae-sun, Prince Yeongpyeong's adopted son, was childless as well, so he adopted Yi Han-yong (a descendant of Crown Prince Sohyeon) as his heir, but the later died young, in 1890.

In 1897, Prince Yeongpyeong chose a distant relative, Yi In-bong (later renamed Yi Hae-seung) to be the heir to his late grandson; the request was approved by Gojong, who declared himself to be the Emperor of the Korean Empire in the same year.[11] Due to the frequent adoptions within the clan, Yi Hae-seung was by birth registered as a descendant of Deokheung Daewongun, but his actual ancestry could be traced back to Grand Prince Wolsan, making him a 13th cousin three times removed to Prince Yeongpyeong.[12][13][14]

In 1899, as Crown Prince Sado was elevated to "Emperor Jangjo", Yi Jae-sun received the royal title "Prince Cheongan".[15][16]

Prince Yeongpyeong died on February 1, 1902, age 73.[17] Prince Cheongan died in 1904, and Yi Hae-seung received the title "Prince Cheongpung" in 1910.[18][19]

Family
  • Spouses and their respective issue:
    • Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (정경부인 평산 신씨) (17 August 1832 – 30 May 1857); daughter of Shin Jae-jun (신재준, 申在準).[21] She had no issue.[22][23]
    • Lady Kim of the Cheongdo Kim clan (정경부인 청도 김씨) (6 May 1839 – 1921); the second daughter of Kim Jae-won (김재원, 金載元)[24][25]
      • Daughter - Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (숙부인 전주 이씨) (21 April 1866 – 27 May 1913)[lower-alpha 3]
        • Son-in-law - Hwang Yeon-su (황연수, 黃演秀) (16 May 1866 – 5 September 1949) of the Changwon Hwang clan (창원 황씨).[lower-alpha 4][4] Through his great-grandmother, a 9-great-granddaughter of Deokheung Daewongun, he was a third cousin of Gojong and Min Young-hwan.[12][27]: 129 [28]: 254–256 
          • Granddaughter - Lady Hwang of the Changwon Hwang clan (창원 황씨) (1884 - ?). She married Shim Seung-taek (심승택) of the Cheongsong Shim clan, having two sons and three daughters.[29]
          • Grandson - Hwang Gyu-seong (황규성, 黃葵性) (6 September 1893 – 27 December 1949). He had three sons.[4]: 527–528 
          • Granddaughter - Lady Hwang of the Changwon Hwang clan (창원 황씨) (5 December 1894 – 22 May 1914). She married Min Hong-sik (민홍식) of the Yeoheung Min clan, nephew of Min Young-hwan, as his first wife; she had no issue.[27]
          • Granddaughter - Lady Hwang of the Changwon Hwang clan (창원 황씨) (21 March 1898 – 7 February 1951). She married Yun Seol (윤설) of the Namwon Yun clan and had issue.[30]
      • Adoptive son - Yi Sun-dal, Prince Cheongan (청안군 이순달) (24 October 1851 – 2 March 1904). By birth the son of Yi Hwi-eung, who was a descendant of King Seonjo and 9th cousin of Prince Yeongpyeong.[6]
        • Adoptive daughter-in-law - Lady Hong of the Pungsan Hong clan (정경부인 풍산 홍씨) (21 April 1853 - ?), the third daughter of Hong Gyeong-mo (홍경모), a 4-great-grandson of Princess Jeongmyeong. She was also a grandaunt of Empress Sunjeong.[31][32]: 547–548 
          • Adoptive grandson - Yi Han-yong, Prince Pungseon (증 풍선군 이한용) (19 February 1875 – 1 August 1890). By birth a descendant of Crown Prince Sohyeon and died young; posthumously honoured as "Prince Pungseon" (풍선군) in 1907.[33]
            • Adoptive granddaughter-in-law - Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan (정부인 남양 홍씨) (22 June 1875 - ?); daughter of Hong Sun-gwan (홍순관)
              • Adoptive great-grandson - Yi Hae-seung, Prince Cheongpung (청풍군 이해승) (22 June 1890 - 1958).[34] By birth a descendant of Grand Prince Wolsan. During the Japanese rule he accepted the title of "Marquis";[35] he was later captured by Korean People's Army during the Korean War in 1950 and was presumed dead as of 1959.[36][37]
                • Adoptive great-granddaughter-in-law - Marquise Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan (후작부인 청송 심씨), had 4 sons; second daughter of Sim Geon-taek (심건택, 沈健澤; 1848 - 1908)

Ancestors and descendants

Notes
  1. In Lunar calendar, he died on 23rd days 12th months in the sinchuk year (1901).
  2. Excluding non-royalty descendants through female line, as well as those could be counted due to adoptions within the clan.
  3. The year of her death contradicts in different sources. While the genealogy book of the Changwon Hwang clan recorded that it was 1913, in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty, it was recorded that Sunjong of Korea gave money for her funeral in 1918.[26]
  4. Hwang Yeon-su married twice, firstly to Lady Yi, and secondly to Lady Choi (1894-1975) of the Jeonju Choi clan. He had three sons and four daughters; among his daughters, it's unclear if it was Lady Yi or Lady Choi that gave birth to the youngest one, who married Yi Jeong-sik (이정식) of the Jeonju Yi clan.

References
  1. "철종 대왕 행장(行狀)". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  2. "승정원일기 2487책 (탈초본 121책) 철종 즉위년 6월 23일 기축 5/32 기사". Seungjeongwon ilgi.
  3. "인조대왕자손록, 숙종대왕자손록, 장조의황제자손록 권7(仁祖大王子孫錄, 肅宗大王子孫錄, 莊祖懿皇帝子孫錄 卷之七)". 장서각기록유산DB.
  4. "昌原黃氏世譜, 六 卷(창원황씨세보 육 권 6/12)". Inje University's Genealogy Library.
  5. "전계 대원군의 뒤를 이은 영평군이 고질병이 있어 다른 사람으로 교체할 것을 명하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  6. "《高宗實錄》1卷·元年九月二十一條". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  7. "덕흥 대원군을 시조로 하는 10여 파의 다른 항렬을 응 이하 한가지로 정하여 이름을 고치는 것을 거행하도록 하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  8. "승정원일기 2724책 (탈초본 128책) 고종 5년 3월 6일 갑인 31/34 기사". Seungjeongwon ilgi. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  9. "영혜 옹주의 주혼 당상으로 영평군을 임명하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  10. "의화군의 길례 때 영평군이 주관하라고 명하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  11. "승정원일기 3088책 (탈초본 139책) 고종 34년 9월 28일 [양력10월23일] 갑인 10/14 기사". Seungjeongwon ilgi.
  12. "璇源續譜·中宗大王子孫錄·德興大院君派卷之三". 장서각기록유산DB. (Volume 3, Page 17, 21)
  13. "璇源續譜·中宗大王子孫錄·德興大院君派卷之五". 장서각기록유산DB. (Volume 5, Page 23)
  14. "璇源續譜·德宗大王子孫錄·月山大君派". 장서각기록유산DB. (Page 37-38)
  15. "축하를 받고 대사령을 반포하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  16. "장종 대왕을 추숭하는 것과 관련하여 승습한 사람들에게 법전대로 봉작하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  17. "영평군 이경응이 졸하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  18. "청안군 이재순이 졸하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  19. "청풍 도정 이해승을 청풍군으로 봉하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  20. As Neo-Confucianism became the de facto customary law during mid-Joseon Dynasty, marriage between the same clan and/or relative was prohibited in Joseon. But it is unknown why she became Prince Euneon’s concubine. There’s not much information regarding Lady Yi, and it is unknown which faction of the Jeonju Yi clan she descended from. A descendant of Grand Prince Imyeong lived near the tomb of the princess consort, but it is not certain if she came from that the Grand Prince’s family branch.
  21. She was also a grandniece of Shin Gwang-su, Prince Consort Yeongseong (husband of Princess Hwahyeop, the seventh daughter of King Yeongjo)
  22. "平山申氏思簡公派譜 一卷(평산신씨사간공파보 일권 1/4)". Inje University's Genealogy Library. (Volume 1, Page 90)
  23. "平山申氏思簡公派譜 二卷(평산신씨사간공파보 이권 2/4)". Inje University's Genealogy Library. (Volume 2, Page 467)
  24. "《純宗實錄附錄》12卷·十四年陽曆九月十日條". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  25. "淸道金氏大同譜 卷之七(청도김씨대동보 권지칠 7/9)". Inje University's Genealogy Library. (Volume 7, Page 400)
  26. "전 군수 황연수의 아내 이씨의 상에 돈을 하사하다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  27. "여흥민씨파보 驪興閔氏三房派譜（1959年）". FamilySearch. (Page 131-132)
  28. "昌原黃氏世譜, 五 卷(창원황씨세보 오 권 5/12)". Inje University's Genealogy Library.
  29. "靑松沈氏大同世譜 五卷(청송심씨대동세보 오권 6/11)". Inje University's Genealogy Library. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
  30. "남원윤씨대동세보 (南原尹氏大同世譜)". FamilySearch. (Volume 2, Page 527-528)
  31. "풍산홍씨대동보 (豊山洪氏大同譜)". FamilySearch. Retrieved 2021-02-04. (Volume 3, Page 73-74)
  32. "海平尹氏大同譜 三卷 (해평윤씨대동보 삼권 3/6)". Inje University's Genealogy Library.
  33. "종2품으로 추증한 이한용을 풍선군으로 추증하다".
  34. His older sister, Yi Hae-yeong (이해영, 李海映), married Sim Hun of the Cheongsong Sim clan and became his first wife. They had 3 sons, with one granted U.S. residency
  35. "이재완, 이재각, 이해창 등에게 귀족의 칭호를 주다". Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.
  36. 임순현 (2017-01-04). "대법 "일제 토지조사 사업으로 받은 토지도 '친일재산'"". Yonhap News Agency.
  37. 황국상 (2017-01-04). "'친일파' 후손, 친일재산 매각이익 228억 반환訴 패소". 머니투데이. Retrieved 2020-07-17.
  38. "선조대왕자손록 권3(宣祖大王子孫錄 卷之三)". 장서각기록유산DB. (Page 69)
  39. "仁祖大王子孫錄·昭顯世子派". 장서각기록유산DB. (Page 21)
  40. "'철인왕후' 유민규가 밝힌 #영평군 #매력 #NG #벌금". Hankook Ilbo (in Korean). February 14, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
  41. "[공식] 유민규 '철인왕후' 출연 확정..신혜선X김정현과 호흡". Sports Chosun. September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
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