Pseudomonas exotoxin

The Pseudomonas exotoxin (or exotoxin A) is an exotoxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.[1] Vibrio cholerae produces a similar protein called the Cholix toxin (Q5EK40).[2]

Exotoxin A
Exotoxin A dimer, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Identifiers
OrganismPseudomonas aeruginosa
Symboleta
UniProtP11439
Other data
EC number2.4.2.36
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
For the Streptococcal superantigen SpeA, also referred to as exotoxin A, see Erythrogenic toxin.

It inhibits elongation factor-2. It does so by ADP-ribosylation of EF2 using NAD+. This then causes the elongation of polypeptides to cease. This mechanism is similar to that of diphtheria toxin.[3]

It has been investigated as a treatment for hepatitis B[4] and cancer.[5]

References
  1. Yates SP, Taylor PL, Jørgensen R, Ferraris D, Zhang J, Andersen GR, Merrill AR (February 2005). "Structure-function analysis of water-soluble inhibitors of the catalytic domain of exotoxin A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa". The Biochemical Journal. 385 (Pt 3): 667–75. doi:10.1042/BJ20041480. PMC 1134741. PMID 15458385.
  2. Jørgensen R, Purdy AE, Fieldhouse RJ, Kimber MS, Bartlett DH, Merrill AR (April 2008). "Cholix toxin, a novel ADP-ribosylating factor from Vibrio cholerae". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (16): 10671–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M710008200. PMID 18276581.
  3. Yates SP, Merrill AR (May 2004). "Elucidation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 contact sites within the catalytic domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A". The Biochemical Journal. 379 (Pt 3): 563–72. doi:10.1042/BJ20031731. PMC 1224111. PMID 14733615.
  4. Hafkemeyer P, Brinkmann U, Brinkmann E, Pastan I, Blum HE, Baumert TF (May 2008). "Pseudomonas exotoxin antisense RNA selectively kills hepatitis B virus infected cells". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (18): 2810–7. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2810. PMC 2710720. PMID 18473403.
  5. Stuckey DW, Hingtgen SD, Karakas N, Rich BE, Shah K (February 2015). "Engineering toxin-resistant therapeutic stem cells to treat brain tumors". Stem Cells. 33 (2): 589–600. doi:10.1002/stem.1874. PMC 4305025. PMID 25346520.
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