Raja Permaisuri Agong

The full style and title in Malay is Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Raja Permaisuri Agong.

Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia literally means Under the dust of the Almighty referring to how the Raja Permaisuri Agong's power and prestige is dust compared to God's power and the ruler and his consort are always subservient to God and never above and beyond God.

Seri Paduka Baginda refers to Seri as in a person. Paduka means victorious and the term Baginda is in Malay for a royal in the third person.

Raja Permaisuri Agong in literal English is "The Supreme Lady Queen". It is an archaic equivalent to Raja where the female is a Raja Permaisuri and "Agong" (or Agung in standard Malay) means "supreme". The term Agong is not translated, as in the Constitution of Malaysia.

Common English terms used in the media and by the general public include "Queen", "Supreme Queen" and "Paramount Consort".

As the title "Yang di-Pertuan Agong" is commonly glossed as "King" in English, the title "Raja Permaisuri Agong" is commonly translated to "Queen", and in English the bearer is thus referred to as "Her Majesty" and addressed as "Your Majesty".[1] The Malay word permaisuri is derived from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī), 'supreme lady'.

The Raja Permaisuri Agong immediately follows her husband, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, in the Malaysian order of precedence.

The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected (de facto rotated) every five years among the nine hereditary rulers of the states of Malaysia. When a ruler is elected as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, his consort automatically becomes the Raja Permaisuri Agong. In effect, the holder of the title of Raja Permaisuri Agong changes every five years, though it could happen earlier due to the death or resignation of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.

Like many spouses of heads of state, the Raja Permaisuri Agong has no stipulated role in the Constitution of Malaysia. She accompanies the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to official functions and state visits, as well as hosting visiting heads of state and their spouses. Article 34 of the Malaysian Constitution forbids the Raja Permaisuri Agong from holding any appointment, carrying any remuneration, or actively engaging in any commercial enterprise. The Raja Permaisuri Agong is, however, legally entitled to an annual payment which is included in the Civil List of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.[2]

Previous holders of the title of Raja Permaisuri Agong whose husbands are deceased receive a pension from the Federal Government's Civil List. They also take precedence immediately after the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the current Raja Permaisuri Agong, the reigning monarchs of royal states, and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of non-royal states.

The following consorts have served as Raja Permaisuri Agong: [lower-alpha 1]

Number	Name	State	Reign Start[3]	Reign Ended	Yang di-Pertuan Agong
1 (I)	Tuanku Kurshiah	Negeri Sembilan	31 August 1957	1 April 1960	Tuanku Abdul Rahman
2 (II)	Raja Jema'ah	Selangor	14 April 1960	1 September 1960	Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah
3 (III)	Tengku Budriah	Perlis	21 September 1960	20 September 1965	Tuanku Syed Putra
4 (IV)	Tengku Intan Zaharah	Terengganu	21 September 1965	20 September 1970	Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah
5 (V)	Tuanku Bahiyah	Kedah	21 September 1970	20 September 1975	Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah
6 (VI)	Tengku Zainab	Kelantan	21 September 1975	29 March 1979	Sultan Yahya Petra
7 (VII)	Tengku Hajah Afzan	Pahang	26 April 1979	25 April 1984	Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah
8 (VIII)	Tengku Zanariah	Johor	26 April 1984	25 April 1989	Sultan Iskandar
9 (IX)	Tuanku Bainun	Perak	26 April 1989	25 April 1994	Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah
10 (X)	Tuanku Najihah	Negeri Sembilan	26 April 1994	25 April 1999	Tuanku Ja’afar
11 (XI)	Tuanku Siti Aishah	Selangor	26 April 1999	21 November 2001	Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz
12 (XII)	Tengku Fauziah	Perlis	13 December 2001	12 December 2006	Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin
13 (XIII)	Tuanku Nur Zahirah	Terengganu	13 December 2006	12 December 2011	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin
14 (XIV)	Tuanku Hajah Haminah	Kedah	13 December 2011	12 December 2016	Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah1
15 (XV)	—2	Kelantan	—		Sultan Muhammad V
16 (XVI)	Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah	Pahang	31 January 2019	Incumbent	Sultan Abdullah of Pahang

1.^ Tuanku Abdul Halim was the first and only Yang di-Pertuan Agong to reign twice.[4] Sultanah Haminah was his second wife from 1975 to his death and reigned alongside him as Raja Permaisuri Agong XIV as Sultanah Bahiyah had died in 2003.

2.^ Sultan Muhammad V reigned without a queen consort as his wife Sultanah Nur Diana Petra was not proclaimed as Sultanah of Kelantan until 2022. Shortly before his abdication in January 2019, it was reported that Muhammad V had married Oksana Voevodina, however the marriage was not officially acknowledged and Voevodina was not recognized as his consort.[5][6]

Tuanku Bainun is the eldest living former Raja Permaisuri Agong. She is currently the only nonagenarian in the list and only the second person to achieved this distinction after Tuanku Najihah.

Rank	Name	State	Birth	Death	Age
1	Tuanku Najihah	Negeri Sembilan	1 Sep 1923	8 September 2023[7]	100 years, 6 days
2	Tuanku Bainun	Perak	7 Nov 1932[8]	Alive	90 years, 352 days
3	Tunku Puan Besar Kurshiah	Negeri Sembilan	16 May 1911[9]	2 Feb 1999[10]	87 years, 262 days
4	Tengku Ampuan Intan Zaharah	Terengganu	13 Apr 1928[11]	24 Jan 2015[12]	86 years, 286 days
5	Tengku Budriah	Perlis	28 Mar 1924[13]	28 Nov 2008[14]	83 years, 274 days
6	Tunku Puan Zanariah	Johor	5 Jul 1940[15]	17 Mar 2019[16]	78 years, 255 days
7	Tengku Fauziah	Perlis	6 Jun 1946[17]	Alive	77 years, 141 days
8	Raja Perempuan Zainab II	Kelantan	7 Aug 1917[18]	10 Jan 1993[18]	75 years, 156 days
9	Sultanah Bahiyah	Kedah	24 Aug 1930[19]	26 Aug 2003	73 years, 5 days
10	Tengku Ampuan Jema’ah	Selangor	1900[20]	8 Apr 1973[21]	72 years, 361 days to 73 years, 7 days
11	Tuanku Hajah Haminah	Kedah	15 Jul 1953[22]	Alive	72 years, 361 days to 73 years, 7 days
12	Tunku Hajah Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah	Pahang	5 Aug 1960[23]	Alive	63 years, 81 days
13	Tengku Ampuan Afzan	Pahang	4 Dec 1933[24]	28 Jun 1988[25]	54 years, 206 days
14	Permaisuri Siti Aishah	Selangor	18 Nov 1971[26]	Alive	51 years, 341 days
15	Sultanah Nur Zahirah	Terengganu	7 Dec 1973[27]	Alive	49 years, 352 days

The most-recently deceased Raja Permaisuri Agong is Tunku Ampuan Najihah of  Negeri Sembilan at the age of 100 years and 6 days on the 8th of September 2023. She was the 10th Raja Permaisuri Agong (1994–1999), her husband was Tuanku Ja'afar (19 July 1922 – 27 December 2008), the 10th Yang di Pertuan Agong (1994–1999) and the Yang Di-Pertuan Besar  Negeri Sembilan (18 April 1967 – 27 December 2008).

• Yang di-Pertuan Agong — consort's spouse + monarch−ruler of Malaysia.
• Elective monarchy
• Royal Regalia of Malaysia
• Yang di-Pertuan Negara — national Malaysian award for elected monarchs.
• Malay titles — on Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo within Brunei + Malaysia.