RAF Croft

Royal Air Force Croft or more simply RAF Croft is a former Royal Air Force station located 4.6 miles (7.4 km) south of Darlington, County Durham, England and 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Richmond, North Yorkshire. The site is also known locally as Croft Aerodrome or Neasham. Constructed at the same time as many other airfields, it was originally named RAF Dalton-on-Tees after the nearby village Dalton-on-Tees. However, it was quickly renamed RAF Croft (after Croft-on-Tees) after initial confusion with the also newly opened RAF Dalton near Thirsk, just 25 miles away.

RAF Croft
Dalton-on-Tees, North Yorkshire in England
A building at Cockleberry Saw Mill which was part of RAF Croft during the Second World War
RAF Croft is located in North Yorkshire
RAF Croft
RAF Croft
Shown within North Yorkshire
Coordinates54°27′09″N 001°33′11″W
TypeSatellite station 1941–43
64 (RCAF) Base substation 1943–[1]
CodeCR[1]
Site information
OwnerAir Ministry
OperatorRoyal Air Force (RAF)
Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF)
Controlled byRAF Bomber Command
* No. 4 Group RAF
* No. 6 Group RCAF[1]
Site history
Built1940 (1940)/41
In useOctober 1941 – 1946 (1946)
Battles/warsEuropean theatre of World War II
Airfield information
Elevation55 metres (180 ft)[1] AMSL
Runways
Direction Length and surface
00/00  Tarmac
00/00  Tarmac
00/00  Tarmac

The airfield was opened in 1941 for use by the Royal Air Force (RAF) but by 1942 the aerodrome had been taken over by the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) for training as part of No. 6 Group RCAF.

The station is now the site of Croft Circuit, a motor racing circuit which hosts various car championships including the British Touring Car Championship.

History

The first squadron stationed at Croft was No. 78 Squadron RAF which arrived on 20 October 1941 flying both the Armstrong Whitworth Whitley Mk.V and the Handley Page Halifax Mk. II before leaving on 10 June 1942[2] when no units were stationed during the summer but on 1 October 1942 No. 419 Squadron RCAF has arrived with their Mk. III Vickers Wellingtons before re-equipping with the Halifax II and leaving on 10 November 1942. During this time on 7 November 1942, 427 Squadron RCAF was formed at the airfield with a mixture of Mk III's and Mk X's Wellington before leaving on 4 May 1943.[3]

In 1943, Croft became a sub-station of RAF Middleton St. George which was allocated to No. 6 Group, Royal Canadian Air Force.[4]

The airfield also hosted No. 1664 (Royal Canadian Air Force) Heavy Conversion Unit RAF starting from 10 May 1943 which trained new pilots to fly the new heavy bombers using the Mk II and the Mk IV Halifax before leaving on 7 December 1943.[4] When three days later on the tenth 431 Squadron RCAF began using the airfield with the Halifax Mks V and III and the Avro Lancaster Mk.X before leaving on 7 June 1945 going to Canada.[3] This squadron was joined by 434 Squadron RCAF which had joined on 11 December 1944 also flying the Halifax and the Lancaster before leaving on 15 June 1945 to also go to Canada.[5]

After the RCAF left in 1945, Croft saw little wartime activity. Later in 1945 the aerodrome became a satellite of No. 13 Operational Training Unit RAF based at Middleton St. George flying de Havilland Mosquitoes. The station was closed in the summer of 1946.[4] [6]

The following units were also here at some point:[7]

Incidents

On 22 March 1945, a Royal Canadian Air Force Lancaster aircraft was taking off from Croft when it was caught in a crosswind and blown off the runway where a punctured tyre led to it crashing and the port engine catching fire. The crew extricated themselves and as the 4-pound (1.8 kg) incendiary bombs were exploding in the fire, the base and local residents were evacuated to shelter in a cutting of the nearby railway line. At 11:27 am, the 4,000-pound (1,800 kg) blockbuster bomb on board the Lancaster exploded and took the roofs off several buildings in the immediate vicinity.[12]

Croft Circuit, North Yorkshire.

Current use

The Croft aerodrome is now Croft Circuit, a venue for the British Touring Car Championship and British Superbike Championship.

See also

References

Citations
  1. Falconer 2012, p. 72.
  2. Jefford 1988, p. 78.
  3. Jefford 1988, p. 91.
  4. "RAF Croft". Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  5. Jefford 1988, p. 92.
  6. Moyes 1976, pp. 240, 246, 249 and 251.
  7. "Croft (Neasham)". Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  8. Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 71.
  9. Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 97.
  10. Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 40.
  11. Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 138.
  12. Lloyd, Chris (26 July 2019). "Turning Point in History". Darlington & Stockton Times. No. 30–2019. p. 54. ISSN 2516-5348.

Bibliography
  • Falconer, J. (2012). RAF Airfields of World War 2. UK: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85780-349-5.
  • Halley, James J. The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1981-1988. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988. ISBN 0-85130-164-9.
  • Jefford, C. G. (1988). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury: Airlife. ISBN 1-85310-053-6.
  • Moyes, Philip (1976). Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft (2 ed.). London: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-354-01027-1.
  • Sturtivant, Ray; Hamlin, John (2007). RAF Flying Training And Support Units since 1912. Tonbridge, Kent: Air-Britain. ISBN 978-0-85130-365-9.
  • Sturtivant, R.; Hamlin, J.; Halley, J. (1997). Royal Air Force flying training and support units. UK: Air-Britain (Historians). ISBN 0-85130-252-1.
  • Todd, A. A. B. Pilgrimages of Grace: a history of Croft aerodrome. Alan Todd Associates, Durham, UK: 1993. ISBN 0-9520177-0-9.
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