RY Tauri

RY Tauri is a young T Tauri star in the constellation of Taurus about 450 light years away, belonging to the Taurus Molecular Cloud. It is more massive than typical T Tauri stars, and may be an intermediate between this class and the Herbig Ae/Be star type.[11]

RY Tauri

A visual band light curve for RY Tauri, shawing variability on three different time scales, adapted from Ismailov and Adygezalzade (2012),[1] Ismailov et al. (2011)[2] and Siwak et al. (2011)[3]
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 04h 21m 57.4133s[4]
Declination +28° 26′ 35.5340″[4]
Apparent magnitude (V) 9.5 - 11.5[5]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main-sequence star
Spectral type F7[6]
Apparent magnitude (G) 10.706[7]
Variable type T Tau[8]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)24.3±1.9 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 8.744[7] mas/yr
Dec.: −27.002[7] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.2349 ± 0.2031 mas[7]
Distance450 ± 10 ly
(138 ± 4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+2.11 (at magnitude 9.55)[5]
Position (relative to RY Tauri)[9]
Component2MASS J04215810+2826300
Angular distance10.83″
Position angle122.41°
Observed separation
(projected)		1500 AU
Details
Mass2.0[10] M☉
Radius3.2[10] R☉
Luminosity11.6[10] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.8[10] cgs
Temperature5,945[10] K
Age4.7+1.00
−0.90[5] Myr
Other designations
BD+28 645, Gaia DR2 164551162164119424, HD 283571, HIP 20387, TYC 1828-129-1, GSC 01828-00129, 2MASS J04215740+2826355
Database references
SIMBADdata

Stellar system

There was one suspected stellar companion to RY Tauri, a 14.81 magnitude object 2MASS J04215810+2826300 discovered in 2008 at a projected separation of 1500 AU.[9] It was proven to be a background star not related to RY Tauri with Gaia data though.[12]

Protoplanetary system

The star is surrounded by a protoplanetary disk discovered in 2006.[11] The disk is massive at 0.3M☉ and consists mostly of gas.[13] The existence of a protoplanetary disk is disputed; the signal can also be attributed to the birth envelope partially disrupted by the young star. Also, polar jets were detected.[14] The jets contain detectable amounts of oxygen and sulfur.[6] A superjovian planet on a 0.2 AU orbit is suspected since 2021.[15]

The planetary system[13]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
protoplanetary disk 0.21–80 AU 65° —

Variability

RY Tauri varies in brightness. It is a highly (by 1.5 magnitudes)[14] obscured Orion variable, producing fluctuations of brightness as the star shines through the inhomogeneities of the inner part of the protoplanetary disk.[13] It also produces irregular brightening events with a duration of about a month and amplitude of one magnitude.[16] The light curve of RY Tauri varies by 2-3 magnitudes over a decade and by roughly one magnitude over a year. The star was gradually brightening during the 20th century, possibly changing the variability mechanism in the process.[17]

References
  1. Ismailov, N. Z.; Adygezalzade, A. N. (February 2012). "Light Curve Analysis for RY Tau". Astronomy Reports. 56 (2): 131–137. Bibcode:2012ARep...56..131I. doi:10.1134/S1063772912020023. S2CID 255203421. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  2. Ismailov, N. Z.; Shustarev, P. N.; Adigezalzade, A. N.; Bahaddinova, G. R. (January 2011). "Variability of the Spectrum and Brightness of RY Tau". Astronomy Letters. 37 (11): 783–790. Bibcode:2011AstL...37..783I. doi:10.1134/S1063773711100033. S2CID 119973584. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  3. Siwak, Michal; Rucinski, Slavek M.; Matthews, Jaymie M.; Kuschnig, Rainer; Guenther, David B.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Weiss, Werner W. (August 2011). "Analysis of MOST light curves of five young stars in Taurus–Auriga and Lupus 3 star-forming regions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 415 (2): 1119–1124. arXiv:1101.5806. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.415.1119S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18683.x.
  4. "V* RY Tau". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
  5. Gorda, S Yu; Mkrtichian, D. E.; Fernandez, M.; Irsmambetova, T. R.; Shenavrin, V. I.; Gahm, G. F.; Djupvik, A. A.; De Albuquerque, R M G.; Babina, E. V.; Artemenko, S. A.; Gameiro, J. F.; Grankin, K. N.; Petrov, P. P. (2019), "Dynamics of wind and the dusty environments in the accreting T Tauri stars RY Tauri and SU Aurigae", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 483: 132–146, arXiv:1811.08635, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3066
  6. Giannini, T.; Nisini, B.; Antoniucci, S.; Biazzo, K.; Alcalá, J.; Bacciotti, F.; Fedele, D.; Frasca, A.; Harutyunyan, A.; Munari, U.; Rigliaco, E.; Vitali, F. (2019), "GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). I: Jet line emission", Astronomy & Astrophysics, A44: 631, arXiv:1909.10392, Bibcode:2019A&A...631A..44G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936085, S2CID 202719615
  7. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  8. Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  9. Itoh, Yoichi; Tamura, Motohide; Hayashi, Masahiko; Oasa, Yumiko; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Fukagawa, Misato; Kudo, Tomoyuki; Mayama, Satoshi; Ishii, Miki; Pyo, Tae-Soo; Yamashita, Takuya; Morino, Junichi (2008), "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Faint Companions around Young Stellar Objects Associated with the Taurus Molecular Cloud", Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 60 (2): 209–218, Bibcode:2008PASJ...60..209I, doi:10.1093/pasj/60.2.209
  10. Davies, Claire L.; Kraus, Stefan; Harries, Tim J.; Monnier, John D.; Kloppenborg, Brian; Aarnio, Alicia; Baron, Fabien; Lopez, Rebeca Garcia; Millan-Gabet, Rafael; Parks, Robert; Pedretti, Ettore; Perraut, Karine; Sturmann, Judit; Sturmann, Laszlo; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.; Touhami, Yamina (2020), "The Inner Disk of RY Tau: Evidence of Stellar Occultation by the Disk Atmosphere at the Sublimation Rim from K-band Continuum Interferometry", The Astrophysical Journal, 897 (1): 31, arXiv:2005.06932, Bibcode:2020ApJ...897...31D, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab93c1, S2CID 218628839
  11. Monnier, J. D.; Berger, J.‐P.; Millan‐Gabet, R.; Traub, W. A.; Schloerb, F. P.; Pedretti, E.; Benisty, M.; Carleton, N. P.; Haguenauer, P.; Kern, P.; Labeye, P.; Lacasse, M. G.; Malbet, F.; Perraut, K.; Pearlman, M.; Zhao, M. (2006), "Few Skewed Disks Found in First Closure-Phase Survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars", The Astrophysical Journal, 647 (1): 444–463, arXiv:astro-ph/0606052, Bibcode:2006ApJ...647..444M, doi:10.1086/505340, S2CID 7357373
  12. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  13. Davies, Claire L.; Kraus, Stefan; Harries, Tim J.; Monnier, John D.; Kloppenborg, Brian; Aarnio, Alicia; Baron, Fabien; Lopez, Rebeca Garcia; Millan-Gabet, Rafael; Parks, Robert; Pedretti, Ettore; Perraut, Karine; Sturmann, Judit; Sturmann, Laszlo; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.; Touhami, Yamina (2020), "The inner disk of RY Tau: evidence of stellar occultation by the disk atmosphere at the sublimation rim from K-band continuum interferometry", The Astrophysical Journal, 897 (1): 31, arXiv:2005.06932, Bibcode:2020ApJ...897...31D, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab93c1, S2CID 218628839
  14. Garufi, A.; et al. (2019), "The SPHERE view of the jet and the envelope of RY Tau", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 628: A68, arXiv:1906.06910, Bibcode:2019A&A...628A..68G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935546, S2CID 189927976
  15. Petrov, P. P.; Romanova, M. M.; Grankin, K. N.; Artemenko, S. A.; Babina, E. V.; Gorda, S Yu (2021), "Modulated accretion in the T Tauri star RY Tau – a stable MHD propeller or a planet at 0.2 au?", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 504: 871–877, arXiv:2104.00433, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab904
  16. Zajtseva, G.; Petrov, P.; Ilyin, I.; Duemler, R.; Tuominen, I. (1996), "RY Tauri at High Brightness", Information Bulletin on Variable Stars, 4408: 1, Bibcode:1996IBVS.4408....1Z
  17. Beck, Tracy L.; Simon, M. (2001), "The Variability of T Tauri, RY Tauri, and RW Aurigae from 1899 to 1952", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (1): 413–417, arXiv:astro-ph/0104268, Bibcode:2001AJ....122..413B, doi:10.1086/321133, S2CID 14520286
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